1
|
Alex J, Ferguson C, Ramjan LM, Maneze D, Montayre J, Salamonson Y. Development and psychometric evaluation of an expanded urinary catheter self-management scale: A cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:3199-3210. [PMID: 38297914 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM To develop and test the psychometric properties of an expanded catheter self-management scale for patients with in-dwelling urinary catheters. DESIGN A cross-sectional validation study. Despite the utility of the original 13-item catheter self-management scale, this instrument did not include bowel management, general hygiene and drainage bag care, which are fundamental skills in urinary catheter self-management to prevent common problems resulting in unnecessary hospital presentations. The expanded catheter self-management scale was developed with 10 additional items to comprehensively assess all five essential aspects of urinary catheter self-management. METHODS A total of 101 adult community-dwelling patients living with indwelling urinary catheters were recruited from Western Sydney, Australia. Using exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation, the number of factors to be extracted from the expanded 23-item expanded catheter self-management scale was determined using a scree plot. The reliability of the overall scale and subscales was measured using Cronbach's alpha. Convergent validity was assessed using Spearman's correlations between clinical characteristics, overall scale and subscales. RESULTS The 23-item expanded catheter self-management scale yielded a 5-factor solution, labelled as: (i) self-monitoring of catheter function, (ii) proactive, help-seeking behaviour function, (iii) bowel self-care function, (iv) hygiene-related catheter site function and (v) drainage bag care function. Cronbach's alpha of the expanded catheter self-management scale indicating all 23 items contributed to the overall alpha value. Convergent validity results showed a negative correlation between the overall expanded catheter self-management scale and catheter-related problems. CONCLUSION The 5-factor structure provided a comprehensive assessment of key aspects of urinary catheter self-management essential to reduce the likelihood of catheter-related hospital presentations. IMPLICATIONS The expanded catheter self-management scale can be used to assess and monitor effective patient-centred interventions for optimal self-management to prevent catheter-related problems and improve the quality of life of patients. IMPACT Many patients start their journey of living with a urinary catheter unexpectedly and are not supported with quality information to care for their catheter. The findings of this study show the correlation between catheter self-management skills and catheter-related problems. The expanded catheter self-management scale (E-CSM) assists with analysing the self-management skills of patients living with a catheter and developing tailored interventions to prevent problems and improve their quality of life. In addition, this screening tool can be included in policies, guidelines, and care plans as a standard for improving catheter management and developing educational resources for patients. REPORTING METHOD STROBE checklist was used to report all aspects of this study comprehensively and accurately. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Patients living with indwelling urinary catheter and their carers have participated in surveys, interviews and co-designing interventions. This paper reports the psychometric analysis of the expanded catheter self-management scale (E-CSM) used in the patient survey as part of the main study 'Improving Quality of Life of Patients Living with Indwelling Urinary Catheters: IQ-IDC Study' (Alex et al. in Collegian, 29:405-413, 2021). We greatly value our consumers' contributions and continue to communicate the progress of the study to them. Their contributions will be acknowledged in all publications and presentations. In addition, all participants will be provided the option of receiving the interventions and publications generated from this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joby Alex
- Integrated and Community Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, North Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing, Western Sydney Local Health District, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Mt Druitt Community Health Centre, Cnr Buran & Kelly Cl, Mount Druitt, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Caleb Ferguson
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Chronic and Complex Care Research, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, North Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia
- Western Sydney University, University of Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucie M Ramjan
- Western Sydney University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- COHORT, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Della Maneze
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jed Montayre
- Centre of Evidence-based Practice for Health Care Policy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yenna Salamonson
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Phillips L, Lundholm C, Almqvist C, Skarin Nordenvall A, Nordenskjöld A. Risk of Urological Cancer Among Boys and Men Born with Hypospadias: A Swedish Population-based Study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2023; 57:51-59. [PMID: 38020521 PMCID: PMC10658418 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypospadias is a common genital malformation among boys. Studies indicate that hypospadias is associated with a higher risk of testicular cancer. Other forms of urological cancer may be linked to hypospadias via a mutual aetiology, hormonal dysfunction, or hypospadias complications, but this has not yet been studied. Objective To investigate the association between hypospadias and testicular cancer and the risk of other urological cancers among individuals born with hypospadias. Design setting and participants The study used a population-based male cohort born in Sweden in 1964-2018. Exposure was hypospadias diagnosis in national registers. Outcomes were defined using the Swedish Cancer Register. An extended cohort born from 1940 was used to study cancers among older men. Biological brothers and fathers were linked to investigate familial coaggregation. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Associations were assessed using Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, with results presented as hazard ratios. Results and limitations We found that hypospadias was associated with a higher risk of testicular cancer (hazard ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.42-2.92), especially for proximal hypospadias, but did not observe any clear familial coaggregation of hypospadias and testicular cancer. Hypospadias was associated with Wilms' tumour in childhood. We also found an association between hypospadias and bladder and urethral cancers, but not prostate cancer. The number of cases with hypospadias was small and the results for cancers among older men may be impacted by limitations in register coverage. Conclusions Our study supports the hypothesis of a higher risk of testicular cancer for men with hypospadias, especially with proximal phenotypes. Hypospadias may also be associated with a higher risk of lower urinary tract cancers, although this requires further investigation in older cohorts. Patient summary Boys and men in whom the opening of the urethra is not at the end of the penis (called hypospadias) at birth are at higher risk of developing testicular cancer, although their overall risk is still low. They may also have a higher risk of developing other forms of cancer in the urinary tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lottie Phillips
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health and Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lundholm
- Deparment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Deparment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Skarin Nordenvall
- Deparment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordenskjöld
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health and Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma S, Gu J, Fan X. Need to clamp indwelling urinary catheters before removal after different durations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e064075. [PMID: 36792329 PMCID: PMC9933763 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of bladder training by clamping on bladder urethral function in patients with indwelling urinary catheters used for different durations. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES The UpToDate, Cochrane Library, OVID, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CINAHL and Embase were screened from 1 January 2000 to 28 February 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-experimental designs comparing the efficacy of bladder training in patients with an indwelling urinary catheter by clamping or free drainage before urinary catheter removal were published in English or Chinese. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of studies. Continuous variables were analysed using mean difference and standardised mean difference (SMD) values with a 95% CI. Categorical variables were analysed using relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was urinary tract infection incidence, and secondary outcomes included hours to first voiding, incidence of urinary retention and recatheterisation and residual urine volume. RESULTS Seventeen papers (15 RCTs and 2 quasi-RCTs) comprising 3908 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results of the meta-analysis showed that the clamping group had a significantly higher risk of urinary tract infections (RR=1.47; 95% CI 1.26 to 1.72; p<0.00001) and a longer hour to first void (SMD=0.19; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.29; p=0.0004) compared with the free drainage group. Subgroup analysis of indwelling urinary catheter use durations of ≤7 days indicated that clamping significantly increased the risk of urinary tract infection (RR=1.69; 95% CI 1.42 to 2.02, p<0.00001) and lengthens the interval to first void (SMD=0.26, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.41, p=0.0008) compared with free drainage. CONCLUSIONS Bladder training by clamping indwelling urinary catheters increases the incidence of urinary tract infection and lengthens the hours to first void in patients with indwelling urinary catheters use durations of ≤7 days compared with the free drainage. However, the effect of clamping training on patients with an indwelling urinary catheter use duration of >7 days is unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Ma
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayi Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fan
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tadrist A, Baboudjian M, Bah MB, Alegorides C, Bottet F, Arroua F, Eghazarian C, Fourmarier M. Water vapor thermal therapy for indwelling urinary catheter removal in frail patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:249-253. [PMID: 36342555 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the efficacy and safety of water vapor thermal therapy to achieve catheter removal in frail patients with refractory acute urinary retention. METHODS Data from consecutive frail patients with indwelling urinary catheter undergoing the Rezūm™ therapy (Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, MA) at a single center between October 2017 and June 2021 were prospectively collected. The included patients were deemed unfit or at high risk of complications for conventional benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. Prostate volumes up to 120 mL were considered eligible. The primary endpoint was successful cessation of catheter dependency, assessed postoperatively and up to 1 year of follow-up. RESULTS A total of 24 men met our inclusion criteria. The median age, Charlson comorbidity index, and duration of preoperative catheterization were 77 years (IQR 67-86), 6 (IQR 3-7), and 113 days (IQR 87-159), respectively. Two cases (8.3%) of postoperative complications were recorded (Clavien II and Clavien IIIa). After a median postoperative catheterization time of 21 days (IQR 11-32), all patients regained spontaneous voiding. During follow-up, two patients died and a total of 22 patients completed the 1 year follow-up. All patients maintained spontaneous voiding without recurrence of urinary retention. No surgical retreatment was performed. In terms of pharmacological management, 22/24 patients (91.7%) had a BPH medication pre-Rezūm™; this decreased to 8/22 patients (36.3%) post-Rezūm™ (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this single-institution, prospective, and observational study, water vapor thermal therapy was found to be effective and safe in restoring successful spontaneous voiding in a cohort of elderly and frail patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Tadrist
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Michael Baboudjian
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France. .,Department of Urology, North Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, APHM, Marseille, France. .,Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Autonoma University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mamadou B Bah
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France.,Department of Urology, Hôpital National Ignace Deen, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | | | - Florie Bottet
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Frederic Arroua
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France
| | | | - Marc Fourmarier
- Department of Urology, CH Aix-Pertuis, Aix en Provence, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen H, Li X, Cui H, Xiao X, Zhang Q, Gao X. Development of a knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on urine leakage with an indwelling urethral catheter for nurses in China. Nurs Open 2022; 10:2960-2970. [PMID: 36503181 PMCID: PMC10077368 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM A knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on urine leakage (UL) with an indwelling urethral catheter (IUC) was developed for nurses in China and validated. DESIGN Observational study. METHODS A systematic literature review, the Delphi method and focus group evaluation were used to develop the questionnaire, which was administered to 304 registered nurses at two hospitals in Guangdong, China. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed. RESULTS The 27-item questionnaire had four dimensions: knowledge I (aetiology), knowledge II (prevention and treatment), attitude and practice. The questionnaire showed excellent content validity and reliability. Four factors accounted for 70.526% of the variance. The data were well-fitted to the four-factor construct model. The questionnaire can be used to measure the knowledge of UL with an IUC among nurses in China, along with related attitudes and practices. This can improve nursing care of patients with IUCs. No patient or public contribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanxi Chen
- Nursing Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Nursing Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Hong Cui
- Nursing Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Xiling Xiao
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaowen Gao
- Nursing Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lobo N, Afferi L, Moschini M, Mostafid H, Porten S, Psutka SP, Gupta S, Smith AB, Williams SB, Lotan Y. Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention of Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2022; 5:628-639. [PMID: 36333236 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bladder cancer (BC) represents a significant health problem due to the potential morbidity and mortality associated with disease burden, which has remained largely unaltered over time. OBJECTIVE To provide an expert collaborative review and describe the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of BC and to evaluate current evidence for BC screening and prevention. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Data on the estimated incidence and mortality of BC for 2020 in 185 countries were derived from the International Agency for Research on Cancer GLOBOCAN database. A review of English-language articles published over the past 5 yr was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE to identify risk factors in addition to contemporary evidence on BC screening and prevention. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS BC is the tenth most common cancer worldwide, with 573 278 cases in 2020. BC incidence is approximately fourfold higher in men than women. Tobacco smoking remains the principal risk factor, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine BC screening. However, targeted screening of high-risk individuals (defined according to smoking history or occupational exposure) may reduce BC mortality and should be the focus of prospective randomized trials. In terms of disease prevention, smoking cessation represents the most important intervention, followed by a reduction in exposure to occupational and environmental carcinogens. CONCLUSIONS BC confers a significant disease burden. An understanding of BC epidemiology and risk factors provides an optimal foundation for disease prevention and the care of affected patients. PATIENT SUMMARY Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide and is approximately four times more common among men than among women. The main risk factors are tobacco smoking, followed by exposure to carcinogens in the workplace or the environment. Routine screening is not currently recommended, but may be beneficial in individuals at high risk, such as heavy smokers. Primary prevention is extremely important, and smoking cessation represents the most important action for reducing bladder cancer cases and deaths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niyati Lobo
- Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Marco Moschini
- Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sima Porten
- University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarah P Psutka
- University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Angela B Smith
- University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Yair Lotan
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
McNaughton J, Fairley-Murdoch M. Catheter valves: are they useful in supporting patients in a trial without catheter? Br J Community Nurs 2022; 27:294-300. [PMID: 35671208 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2022.27.6.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A trial without catheter (TWOC) is a common urological procedure undertaken to remove an indwelling urinary catheter when no longer clinically indicated. An appropriately trained practitioner should undertake a TWOC in a controlled environment to ensure that a further urinary retention does not occur. Indwelling urinary catheters are commonly used with a free drainage system such as a leg bag, which continually empties the bladder. This article examines the potential benefits of using a catheter valve as an alternative to free drainage, prior to undertaking a TWOC, to optimise clinical outcomes and patient experience. This article will guide nurses to increase their knowledge of catheter valves to promote person-centred informed decision-making.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hobbs C, Howles S, Derry F, Reynard J. Suprapubic Catheterisation ‐ A study of 1000 elective procedures. BJU Int 2022; 129:760-767. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hobbs
- Churchill Hospital Oxford University NHS Foundation Trust England
| | - Sarah Howles
- Churchill Hospital Oxford University NHS Foundation Trust England
| | - Fadel Derry
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust England
| | - John Reynard
- Churchill Hospital Oxford University NHS Foundation Trust England
- National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust England
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Eredics K, Wehrberger C, Henning A, Sevcenco S, Marszalek M, Rauchenwald M, Falkensammer C, Stoces U, Madersbacher S, Horetzky M, Kunit T, Lusuardi L. Rezūm water vapor therapy in multimorbid patients with urinary retention and catheter dependency. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021; 25:302-305. [PMID: 34588631 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00462-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water vapor thermal therapy (Rezūm) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). We report on safety and efficacy of this method for treatment of recurrent urinary retention and relief of catheter dependency owing to BPE in multimorbid patients, considered unfit for surgery. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 136 patients with recurrent urinary retention who underwent water vapor therapy in an ambulatory setting with periprostatic block and optional sedation between 11/2017 and 02/2021 in three urological departments. The objective was successful catheter withdrawal and continuing catheter independency after 3- and 12-months following treatment. RESULTS Mean patient age was 80.3 years (±7.8), mean prostate volume 54 ml (±27.3), and mean catheter dependency before treatment was 4.8 months (±6.0). ASA classification was a followed: II: 10%, III: 71%, and IV: 19%. All procedures were performed successfully in an ambulatory setting. Perioperative complications were infrequent and minor (Clavien-Dindo Grade 1-2) and included haematuria in 4.4% and urinary tract infection in 3.9% of all cases. A total of 103 patients (78.6%) were able to void spontaneously after a median of 31 days. No significant differences in age, prostate volume, duration of catheter dependency, vapor injections, and ASA score were found between patients with successful or unsuccessful outcome. The mean follow-up period was 6.1 months (±5.9, range 1-22 months). A 3-month follow-up was available for 77 patients (75%) and 34 patients (33%) were followed for 12 months. After 3 and 12 months, 93.5 and 91% of patients remained catheter independent. Fifteen patients (11%) died during follow-up, with a mean overall survival of 7.7 months (±4.7). CONCLUSIONS Water vapor therapy may prove to be a useful, minimally invasive treatment in a multimorbid population with catheter dependency after urinary retention, secondary to BPE, considered at highest risk or unfit for surgery. Future studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Eredics
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Wehrberger
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Henning
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Sevcenco
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Marszalek
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Rauchenwald
- Department of Urology, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Falkensammer
- Department of Urology, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Stoces
- Department of Urology, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Madersbacher
- Department of Urology, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Horetzky
- Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - T Kunit
- Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - L Lusuardi
- Department of Urology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|