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Qi F, Liu Y, Luo Y, Cui Y, Lu C, Li H, Huang H, Dai S. Functional analysis of the ScAG and ScAGL11 MADS-box transcription factors for anthocyanin biosynthesis and bicolour pattern formation in Senecio cruentus ray florets. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac071. [PMID: 35734379 PMCID: PMC9209810 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cineraria (Senecio cruentus) is an ornamental plant with pure colour and bicolour cultivars, widely used for landscaping. Anthocyanin biosynthesis influences coloration patterns in cineraria. However, how anthocyanins accumulate and distribute in cineraria is poorly understood. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis and bicolour formation in cineraria using pure colour and bicolour cultivars. Transcriptome and gene expression analysis showed that five genes, ScCHS2, ScF3H1, ScDFR3, ScANS, and ScbHLH17, were inhibited in the white cultivar and colourless regions of bicolour cultivars. In contrast, two MADS-box genes, ScAG and ScAGL11, showed significantly higher expression in the colourless regions of bicolour cultivars. ScAG and ScAGL11 were localized in the nucleus and co-expressed with the bicolour trait. Further functional analysis verified that ScAG inhibits anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). However, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiments showed that silencing of ScAG and ScAGL11 increases anthocyanin content in cineraria leaves. Similar results were observed when ScAG and ScAGL11 were silenced in the cineraria capitulum, accompanied by the smaller size of the colourless region, specifically in the ScAG/ScAGL11-silenced plants. The expression of ScCHS2, ScDFR3, and ScF3H1 increased in silenced cineraria leaves and capitulum. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments demonstrated that ScAG interacts with ScAGL11. Moreover, ScAG directly inhibited the transcription of ScF3H1 while ScAGL11 inhibited ScDFR3 expression by binding to their promoters separately. The findings reported herein indicate that ScAG and ScAGL11 negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in cineraria ray florets, and their differential expression in ray florets influences the bicolour pattern appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yiliu Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yumeng Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chenfei Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education Ministry, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Huang
- Corresponding authors. E-mail: ;
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Chen Y, Wu P, Zhang C, Guo Y, Liao B, Chen Y, Li M, Wu G, Wang Y, Jiang H. Ectopic Expression of JcCPL1, 2, and 4 Affects Epidermal Cell Differentiation, Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041924. [PMID: 35216041 PMCID: PMC8872631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The CAPRICE (CPC)-like (CPL) genes belong to a single-repeat R3 MYB family, whose roles in physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), an important energy plant, remain unclear. In this study, we identified a total of six CPL genes (JcCPL1–6) in physic nut. The JcCPL3, 4, and 6 proteins were localized mainly in the nucleus, while proteins JcCPL1, 2, and 5 were localized in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Ectopic overexpression of JcCPL1, 2, and 4 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in an increase in root hair number and decrease in trichome number. Consistent with the phenotype of reduced anthocyanin in shoots, the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were down-regulated in the shoots of these three transgenic A. thaliana lines. Moreover, we observed that OeJcCPL1, 2, 4 plants attained earlier leaf senescence, especially at the late developmental stage. Consistent with this, the expression levels of several senescence-associated and photosynthesis-related genes were, respectively, up-regulated and down-regulated in leaves. Taken together, our results indicate functional divergence of the six CPL proteins in physic nut. These findings also provide insight into the underlying roles of CPL transcription factors in leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Pingzhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research of Guangdong Province, Institution of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Yali Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Bingbing Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Yaping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Meiru Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Guojiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (Y.C.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.J.)
| | - Huawu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (P.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.C.); (M.L.); (G.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (H.J.)
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Zheng K, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang S. Conserved and non-conserved functions of the rice homologs of the Arabidopsis trichome initiation-regulating MBW complex proteins. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:234. [PMID: 34034660 PMCID: PMC8145838 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichome initiation in Arabidopsis is regulated by a MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional activator complex formed by the R2R3 MYB transcription factor GLABRA1 (GL1), MYB23 or MYB82, the bHLH transcription factor GLABRA3 (GL3), ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) or TRANSPARENT TESTA8 (TT8), and the WD40-repeat protein TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1). However, the functions of the rice homologs of the MBW complex proteins remained uncharacterized. RESULTS Based on amino acid sequence identity and similarity, and protein interaction prediction, we identified OsGL1s, OsGL3s and OsTTG1s as rice homologs of the MBW complex proteins. By using protoplast transfection, we show that OsGL1D, OsGL1E, OsGL3B and OsTTG1A were predominantly localized in the nucleus, OsGL3B functions as a transcriptional activator and is able to interact with GL1 and TTG1. By using yeast two-hybrid and protoplast transfection assays, we show that OsGL3B is able to interact with OsGL1E and OsTTG1A, and OsGL1E and OsTTG1A are also able to interact with GL3. On the other hand, we found that OsGL1D functions as a transcription activator, and it can interact with GL3 but not OsGL3B. Furthermore, our results show that expression of OsTTG1A in the ttg1 mutant restored the phenotypes including alternations in trichome and root hair formation, seed color, mucilage production and anthocyanin biosynthesis, indicating that OsTTG1A and TTG1 may have similar functions. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the rice homologs of the Arabidopsis MBW complex proteins are able to form MBW complexes, but may have conserved and non-conserved functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xutong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics & Crop Gene Editing, School of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, China.
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Viudes S, Burlat V, Dunand C. Seed mucilage evolution: Diverse molecular mechanisms generate versatile ecological functions for particular environments. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2857-2870. [PMID: 32557703 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant myxodiasporous species have the ability to release a polysaccharidic mucilage upon imbibition of the seed (myxospermy) or the fruit (myxocarpy). This is a widespread capacity in angiosperms providing multiple ecological functions including higher germination efficiency under environmental stresses. It is unclear whether myxodiaspory has one or multiple evolutionary origins and why it was supposedly lost in several species. Here, we summarize recent advances on three main aspects of myxodiaspory. (a) It represents a combination of highly diverse traits at different levels of observation, ranging from the dual tissular origin of mucilage secretory cells to diverse mucilage polysaccharidic composition and ultrastructural organization. (b) An asymmetrical selection pressure is exerted on myxospermy-related genes that were first identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. The A. thaliana and the flax intra-species mucilage variants show that myxospermy is a fast-evolving trait due to high polymorphism in a few genes directly acting on mucilage establishment. In A. thaliana, these actors are downstream of a master regulatory complex and an original phylogenetic overview provided here illustrates that this complex has sequentially evolved after the common ancestor of seed plants and was fully established in the common ancestor of the rosid clade. (c) Newly identified myxodiaspory ecological functions indicate new perspectives such as soil microorganism control and plant establishment support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Viudes
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Vincent Burlat
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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