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Sun J, Liu J, Liu M, Bi X, Huang C. New perspective for pathomechanism and clinical applications of animal toxins: Programmed cell death. Toxicon 2024; 249:108071. [PMID: 39134227 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Various animal toxins pose a significant threat to human safety, necessitating urgent attention to their treatment and research. The clinical potential of programmed cell death (PCD) is widely regarded as a target for envenomation, given its crucial role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes. Current research on animal toxins examines their specific components in pathomechanisms and injuries, as well as their clinical applications. This review explores the relationship between various toxins and several types of PCD, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, to provide a reference for future understanding of the pathophysiology of toxins and the development of their potential clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Sun
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xiaowen Bi
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Chunhong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Sadek KM, Shib NA, Taher ES, Rashed F, Shukry M, Atia GA, Taymour N, El-Nablaway M, Ibrahim AM, Ramadan MM, Abdelkader A, Abdo M, Imbrea I, Pet E, Ali LS, Abdeen A. Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1412245. [PMID: 39092234 PMCID: PMC11291246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1412245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Honeybees have been helpful insects since ancient centuries, and this benefit is not limited to being a honey producer only. After the bee stings a person, pain, and swelling occur in this place, due to the effects of bee venom (BV). This is not a poison in the total sense of the word because it has many benefits, and this is due to its composition being rich in proteins, peptides, enzymes, and other types of molecules in low concentrations that show promise in the treatment of numerous diseases and conditions. BV has also demonstrated positive effects against various cancers, antimicrobial activity, and wound healing versus the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Even though topical BV therapy is used to varying degrees among countries, localized swelling or itching are common side effects that may occur in some patients. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the complex chemical composition of BV, highlighting the diverse range of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic applications, which extend beyond the well-known anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, showcasing the versatility of BV in modern medicine. A specific search strategy was followed across various databases; Web of sciences, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar including in vitro and in vivo clinical studies.to outline an overview of BV composition, methods to use, preparation requirements, and Individual consumption contraindications. Furthermore, this review addresses safety concerns and emerging approaches, such as the use of nanoparticles, to mitigate adverse effects, demonstrating a balanced and holistic perspective. Importantly, the review also incorporates historical context and traditional uses, as well as a unique focus on veterinary applications, setting it apart from previous works and providing a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadry M. Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Naira A. Shib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Fatema Rashed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Noha Taymour
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ateya M. Ibrahim
- Department of Administration and Nursing Education, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afaf Abdelkader
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Animal Histology and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ilinca Imbrea
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Technologies, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Pet
- Department of Management and Rural Development, Faculty of Management and Rural Tourism, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lashin S. Ali
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
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Li H. Melittin inactivates YAP/HIF-1α pathway via up-regulation of LATS2 to inhibit hypoxia-induced proliferation, glycolysis and angiogenesis in NSCLC. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100407. [PMID: 38889502 PMCID: PMC11237868 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NSCLC is one of the most common causes of death. The hypoxia microenvironment contributes to cancer progression. The purpose was to explore the effects and mechanism of melittin on NSCLC cells in the hypoxic microenvironment. METHODS NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H1299) were cultured in normoxia or hypoxia conditions with or without melittin treatment. The viability of the cells was detected via MTT assay and the proliferation ability was evaluated by EdU assay. QRT-PCR was performed to evaluate GLUT1, LDHA, HK2, VEGF and LATS2 mRNA levels. Glucose transport was assessed by the 2-NBDG uptake assay. The angiogenesis was determined by the tubule formation assay. The protein expressions of GLUT1, LDHA, HK2, VEGF, LATS2, YAP, p-YAP and HIF-1α were detected via western blotting assay. The tumor formation assay was conducted to examine the roles of melittin and LATS2 in vivo. RESULTS Melittin inhibited hypoxia-induced cell viability, proliferation, glycolysis and angiogenesis as well as suppressed YAP binding to HIF-1α in NSCLC. Melittin inactivated the YAP/HIF-1α pathway via up-regulation of LATS2, ultimately inhibiting cancer progression of NSCLC. Moreover, melittin suppressed tumor growth via up-regulation of LATS2 in vivo. CONCLUSION Melittin inactivated the YAP/HIF-1α pathway via up-regulation of LATS2 to contribute to the development of NSCLC. Therefore, melittin is expected to become a potential prognostic drug for the therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Lee G, Jung BH, Lee T, Park JH, Kim HS, Kim H, Yang HO. Exploring the Metabolic Effects of a Herbal Remedy of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia Extracts: Unraveling Its Therapeutic Potential as a Topical Application for Atopic Dermatitis Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:563. [PMID: 38790668 PMCID: PMC11117881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that our novel herbal remedy, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum Cassia extracts, exhibits a therapeutic effect in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced mice by inhibiting the Th-2 inflammatory response upon oral administration. It also ameliorated imbalances in lipid metabolism related to the skin barrier function in keratinocytes, indicating its potential as a topical agent. This study aims to further investigate the therapeutic effects and metabolic mechanisms of its topical application. The anti-atopic effect was evaluated using dermatitis scores, histopathological analysis, and immune cell factors in DNCB-induced mice. Metabolomic profiling of serum and lesional skin was conducted to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms. The topical application significantly reduced dermatitis scores, mast cell infiltration, and serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), demonstrating its effectiveness in treating atopic dermatitis (AD). Serum metabolomics revealed alterations in fatty acid metabolism related to the pro-inflammatory response. In lesional skin, metabolic markers associated with oxidative stress, immune regulation, and AD symptoms were restored. This study demonstrated its potential as a topical agent in suppressing Th-2 inflammatory responses and improving metabolic abnormalities related to AD symptoms, providing crucial insights for developing natural AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gakyung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (G.L.); (T.L.)
- Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hwa Jung
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Taemin Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (G.L.); (T.L.)
- Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (H.S.K.)
| | - Hocheol Kim
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Ok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (G.L.); (T.L.)
- Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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Pinto MB, Pires PC, Calhelha RC, Silva AR, Sousa MJ, Vilas-Boas M, Falcão SI, Veiga F, Makvandi P, Paiva-Santos AC. Bee Venom-Loaded Niosomes as Innovative Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Development and Therapeutical Efficacy and Safety Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:572. [PMID: 38794142 PMCID: PMC11123916 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite past efforts towards therapeutical innovation, cancer remains a highly incident and lethal disease, with current treatments lacking efficiency and leading to severe side effects. Hence, it is imperative to develop new, more efficient, and safer therapies. Bee venom has proven to have multiple and synergistic bioactivities, including antitumor effects. Nevertheless, some toxic effects have been associated with its administration. To tackle these issues, in this work, bee venom-loaded niosomes were developed, for cancer treatment. The vesicles had a small (150 nm) and homogeneous (polydispersity index of 0.162) particle size, and revealed good therapeutic efficacy in in vitro gastric, colorectal, breast, lung, and cervical cancer models (inhibitory concentrations between 12.37 ng/mL and 14.72 ng/mL). Additionally, they also revealed substantial anti-inflammatory activity (inhibitory concentration of 28.98 ng/mL), effects complementary to direct antitumor activity. Niosome safety was also assessed, both in vitro (skin, liver, and kidney cells) and ex vivo (hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane), and results showed that compound encapsulation increased its safety. Hence, small, and homogeneous bee venom-loaded niosomes were successfully developed, with substantial anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, making them potentially promising primary or adjuvant cancer therapies. Future research should focus on evaluating the potential of the developed platform in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Beatriz Pinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C. Pires
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Miguel Vilas-Boas
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Soraia I. Falcão
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal (M.V.-B.); (S.I.F.)
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
- Centre of Research Impact and Outreach, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140417, India
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Dinu M, Tatu AL, Cocoș DI, Nwabudike LC, Chirilov AM, Stefan CS, Earar K, Dumitriu Buzia O. Natural Sources of Therapeutic Agents Used in Skin Conditions. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:492. [PMID: 38672762 PMCID: PMC11051086 DOI: 10.3390/life14040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin conditions are numerous and often have a major impact on patients' quality of life, and effective and safe treatment is very important. The conventional drugs used for skin diseases are usually corticosteroids and antimicrobial products that can induce various side effects, especially with long-term use, which is why researchers are studying alternatives, especially biologically active natural products. Three products caught our attention: bee venom (BV), due to reported experimental results showing anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimycotic, and anticancer effects, Ficus carica (FC) due to its demonstrated antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory action, and finally Geranium essential oil (GEO), with proven antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Following a review of the literature, we produced this paper, which presents a review of the potential therapeutic applications of the three products in combating various skin conditions and for skin care, because BV, FC, and GEO have common pharmacological actions (anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant). We also focused on studying the safety of the topical use of BV, FC, and GEO, and new approaches to this. This paper presents the use of these natural therapeutic agents to treat patients with conditions such as vitiligo, melasma, and melanoma, as well as their use in treating dermatological conditions in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dinu
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Alin Laurențiu Tatu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
- Dermatology Department, “Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva” Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrative Center for Dermatologic Interface Research MIC-DIR, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Dorin Ioan Cocoș
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | | | - Ana Maria Chirilov
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Claudia Simona Stefan
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Kamel Earar
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
| | - Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia
- Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (M.D.); (C.S.S.); (K.E.); (O.D.B.)
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Jafari Z, Sadeghi S, Dehaghi MM, Bigham A, Honarmand S, Tavasoli A, Hoseini MHM, Varma RS. Immunomodulatory activities and biomedical applications of melittin and its recent advances. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300569. [PMID: 38251938 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Melittin (MLT), a peptide containing 26 amino acids, is a key constituent of bee venom. It comprises ∼40%-60% of the venom's dry weight and is the main pricing index for bee venom, being the causative factor of pain. The unique properties of MLT extracted from bee venom have made it a very valuable active ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry as this cationic and amphipathic peptide has propitious effects on human health in diverse biological processes. It has the ability to strongly impact the membranes of cells and display hemolytic activity with anticancer characteristics. However, the clinical application of MLT has been limited by its severe hemolytic activity, which poses a challenge for therapeutic use. By employing more efficient mechanisms, such as modifying the MLT sequence, genetic engineering, and nano-delivery systems, it is anticipated that the limitations posed by MLT can be overcome, thereby enabling its wider application in therapeutic contexts. This review has outlined recent advancements in MLT's nano-delivery systems and genetically engineered cells expressing MLT and provided an overview of where the MLTMLT's platforms are and where they will go in the future with the challenges ahead. The focus is on exploring how these approaches can overcome the limitations associated with MLT's hemolytic activity and improve its selectivity and efficacy in targeting cancer cells. These advancements hold promise for the creation of innovative and enhanced therapeutic approaches based on MLT for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Jafari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mirzarazi Dehaghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Shokouh Honarmand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Tavasoli
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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8
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Riedl R, Kühn A, Hupfer Y, Hebecker B, Peltner LK, Jordan PM, Werz O, Lorkowski S, Wiegand C, Wallert M. Characterization of Different Inflammatory Skin Conditions in a Mouse Model of DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis. Inflammation 2024; 47:771-788. [PMID: 38150167 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The mouse model of 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene (DNCB)-induced human-like atopic dermatitis (hlAD) has been widely used to test novel treatment strategies and compounds. However, the study designs and methods are highly diverse, presenting different hlAD disease patterns that occur after sensitization and repeated challenge with DNCB on dorsal skin. In addition, there is a lack of information about the progression of the disease during the experiment and the achieved pheno- and endotypes, especially at the timepoint when therapeutic treatment is initiated. We here examine hlAD in a DNCB-induced BALB/cJRj model at different timepoints: (i) before starting treatment with dexamethasone, representing a standard drug control (day 12) and (ii) at the end of the experiment (day 22). Both timepoints display typical AD-associated characteristics: skin thickening, spongiosis, hyper- and parakeratosis, altered cytokine and gene expression, increased lipid mediator formation, barrier protein and antimicrobial peptide abnormalities, as well as lymphoid organ hypertrophy. Increased mast cell infiltration into the skin and elevated immunoglobulin E plasma concentrations indicate a type I allergy response. The DNCB-treated skin showed an extrinsic moderate sub-acute hlAD lesion at day 12 and an extrinsic mild sub-acute to chronic pheno- and endotype at day 22 with a dominating Th2 response. A dependency of the filaggrin formation and expression in correlation to the disease severity in the DNCB-treated skin was found. In conclusion, our study reveals a detailed classification of a hlAD at two timepoints with different inflammatory skin conditions and pheno- and endotypes, thereby providing a better understanding of the DNCB-induced hlAD model in BALB/cJRj mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Riedl
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatological Research Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Kühn
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Yvonne Hupfer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Betty Hebecker
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas K Peltner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, Dermatological Research Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wallert
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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9
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Jang S, Kim HI, Jung JW, Boo M, Sung SH, Park J, Kim S. Bee venom acupuncture and herbal medicine for hand eczema: Two case reports and an in vivo study. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:102994. [PMID: 38637265 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eczema and contact dermatitis are relatively common, non-life-threatening disease, but can reduce the patient's quality-of-life when it becomes chronic. This study describes two cases of bee venom acupuncture (BVA) and herbal medicine (San Wu Huangqin decoction; SWH) co-treatment for hand eczema and contact dermatitis, then confirms the effect of the combination therapy in an in vivo model of eczema. CASE PRESENTATION A 56-year-old female (case 1) and a 33-year-old male (case 2) presented to the clinic with symptoms of itching and erythema (case 1), and scaliness (case 2) on both hands. Both were diagnosed with hand eczema and contact dermatitis based on examination of the erythema and scaliness. They were treated with BVA and SWH for three months. The lesions were healed and had not recurred after 1 and 3 years of follow-up. A mouse study was conducted by repeated application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce eczema-like contact dermatitis in Balb/c mice. In a DNCB-induced eczema-like contact dermatitis model, BVA and SWH co-administration synergistically improved clinical symptoms seen in eczema. Also, they improved histological changes of the skin, suppressed immune cell infiltration, and decreased inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulin E in the serum. CONCLUSION This study suggests BVA and SWH could be an alternative treatment for eczema and contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gyeongsan, 38054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Wonjae Korean Medical Clinic, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Chilgok, 39895, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Boo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Sung
- Department of Korean Medicine Policy, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Seoul, 04516, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungha Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Jodidio M, Schwartz RA. Bee venom: apitherapy and more. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:4-10. [PMID: 37997319 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees are becoming increasingly familiar to the general population due to the growing popularity of backyard and amateur beekeeping. Although bee venom produces reactions ranging from mild local irritation to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it is also used for life-saving desensitization immunotherapy in those with severe reactions to bee stings. The use of honeybee venom for immunotherapy has increased due to an enhanced interest in natural therapeutics. Recently, honeybee venom has been administered as a successful, safe, and cost-effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, back pain, and skin diseases. During the past two decades, studies have tested honeybee venom's efficacy for treating various skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, wound healing, and psoriasis. We will review bee venom from multiple perspectives, including its medical applications and mechanisms for dermatological pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Jodidio
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Robert A Schwartz
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Pathology and Pediatrics, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA -
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11
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Yaacoub C, Wehbe R, Roufayel R, Fajloun Z, Coutard B. Bee Venom and Its Two Main Components-Melittin and Phospholipase A2-As Promising Antiviral Drug Candidates. Pathogens 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 38003818 PMCID: PMC10674158 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are known to infect most types of organisms. In humans, they can cause several diseases that range from mild to severe. Although many antiviral therapies have been developed, viral infections continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the discovery of new and effective antiviral agents is desperately needed. Animal venoms are a rich source of bioactive molecules found in natural goods that have been used since ancient times in alternative medicine to treat a variety of human diseases. Recently, and with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have regained their interest in the possible use of natural products, such as bee venom (BV), as a potential antiviral agent to treat viral infections. BV is known to exert many therapeutic activities such as anti-proliferative, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there is limited discussion of the antiviral activity of BV in the literature. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the antiviral properties of BV and its two primary constituents, melittin (MEL) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), against a variety of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Finally, the innovative strategies used to reduce the toxicity of BV and its two compounds for the development of new antiviral treatments are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Yaacoub
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190-Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Rim Wehbe
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
- Faculty of Sciences III, Department of Biology, Michel Slayman Tripoli Campus, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Bruno Coutard
- Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille University, IRD 190-Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France;
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12
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Gil TY, Jin BR, Park YJ, Kim HM, An HJ. Effects of Magnoliae Flos on Atopic Dermatitis-Like Inflammation Evaluated via Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase or Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1/3 Signalling Pathways. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv11593. [PMID: 37955529 PMCID: PMC10655128 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.11593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Skin is the largest organ and plays a pivotal role in protecting the body. Not only does the skin act as a physical barrier against the external environment, but it also has its own immune system. Atopic dermatitis is caused by prolonged excessive inflammatory responses that worsen under imbalanced cutaneous immune system skin conditions. Although the prevalence and burden of atopic dermatitis is increasing, the standard therapeutic agents remain unclear due to the complicated pathophysiology of the condition. The objective of this study is to examine the use of Magnoliae flos, the dried flower bud of Magnolia biondii or related plants. The effects and underlying mechanism of action of aqueous extract of the buds of Magnoliae flos (MF) were evaluated. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) stimulated with tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ mixture and NC/Nga mice stimulated with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene were used as atopic dermatitis models, in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The effects of MF were determined by measuring the suppression of pro-inflammatory signalling pathways, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase or signal transducers and activators of transcription 1/3 and restoring skin barrier molecules. In conclusion, MF is a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of atopic dermatitis through repressing inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Gil
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yea-Jin Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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13
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Riedl R, Kühn A, Rietz D, Hebecker B, Glowalla KG, Peltner LK, Jordan PM, Werz O, Lorkowski S, Wiegand C, Wallert M. Establishment and Characterization of Mild Atopic Dermatitis in the DNCB-Induced Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12325. [PMID: 37569701 PMCID: PMC10418750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In dermatological research, 2,4-dinitrochlorbenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) is a standard model as it displays many disease-associated characteristics of human AD. However, the reproducibility of the model is challenging due to the lack of information regarding the methodology and the description of the phenotype and endotype of the mimicked disease. In this study, a DNCB-induced mouse model was established with a detailed procedure description and classification of the AD human-like skin type. The disease was induced with 1% DNCB in the sensitization phase and repeated applications of 0.3% and 0.5% DNCB in the challenging phase which led to a mild phenotype of AD eczema. Pathophysiological changes of the dorsal skin were measured: thickening of the epidermis and dermis, altered skin barrier proteins, increased TH1 and TH2 cytokine expression, a shift in polyunsaturated fatty acids, increased pro-resolving and inflammatory mediator formation, and dysregulated inflammation-associated gene expression. A link to type I allergy reactions was evaluated by increased mast cell infiltration into the skin accompanied by elevated IgE and histamine levels in plasma. As expected for mild AD, no systemic inflammation was observed. In conclusion, this experimental setup demonstrates many features of a mild human-like extrinsic AD in murine skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Riedl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Dermatological Research Laboratory, 07747 Jena, Germany; (R.R.); (D.R.); (C.W.)
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.K.); (B.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Annika Kühn
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.K.); (B.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Denise Rietz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Dermatological Research Laboratory, 07747 Jena, Germany; (R.R.); (D.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Betty Hebecker
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.K.); (B.H.); (S.L.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Karl-Gunther Glowalla
- Service Unit Experimental Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Lukas K. Peltner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (L.K.P.); (P.M.J.); (O.W.)
| | - Paul M. Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (L.K.P.); (P.M.J.); (O.W.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (L.K.P.); (P.M.J.); (O.W.)
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.K.); (B.H.); (S.L.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Cornelia Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Dermatological Research Laboratory, 07747 Jena, Germany; (R.R.); (D.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Maria Wallert
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany; (A.K.); (B.H.); (S.L.)
- Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 07743 Jena, Germany
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14
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Sanyal A, Ghosh A, Roy C, Mazumder I, Marrazzo P. Revolutionizing the Use of Honeybee Products in Healthcare: A Focused Review on Using Bee Pollen as a Potential Adjunct Material for Biomaterial Functionalization. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:352. [PMID: 37504847 PMCID: PMC10381877 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of biomedical engineering highly demands technological improvements to allow the successful engraftment of biomaterials requested for healing damaged host tissues, tissue regeneration, and drug delivery. Polymeric materials, particularly natural polymers, are one of the primary suitable materials employed and functionalized to enhance their biocompatibility and thus confer advantageous features after graft implantation. Incorporating bioactive substances from nature is a good technique for expanding or increasing the functionality of biomaterial scaffolds, which may additionally encourage tissue healing. Our ecosystem provides natural resources, like honeybee products, comprising a rich blend of phytochemicals with interesting bioactive properties, which, when functionally coupled with biomedical biomaterials, result in the biomaterial exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects. Bee pollen is a sustainable product recently discovered as a new functionalizing agent for biomaterials. This review aims to articulate the general idea of using honeybee products for biomaterial engineering, mainly focusing on describing recent literature on experimental studies on biomaterials functionalized with bee pollen. We have also described the underlying mechanism of the bioactive attributes of bee pollen and shared our perspective on how future biomedical research will benefit from the fabrication of such functionalized biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Sanyal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Anushikha Ghosh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Chandrashish Roy
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Ishanee Mazumder
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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15
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Hua C, Liang Q, Chen S, Zhu J, Tang Y, Chen X, Song Y, van der Veen S, Cheng H. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment alleviates symptoms in an atopic dermatitis-like mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:147. [PMID: 37248497 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common immune and inflammatory skin disorders, leading to insufferable itching and skin abnormalities that seriously affect life quality of patients. There are still huge unmet needs for long-term and effective disease control, despite currently available therapies. Evidenced by some preclinical and clinical studies of AD treatment with stem cells, stem cell treatment could significantly and effectively ameliorate AD symptoms. OBJECTIVES To elucidate underlying mechanisms of how stem cells therapy alleviates AD-like symptoms. METHODS An AD-like mouse model was constructed and treated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) subcutaneously or subcutaneously combined with intravenously. The differentially expressed genes were sorted out from RNA sequencing results of dorsal skin and blood. RESULTS Two injection routes of MSCs could alleviate AD-like symptoms and pathologic changes of the skin and immune organs. RNA sequencing of dorsal skin sections and blood provided gene expression signatures for amelioration of skin defects, inflammatory and immune modulation by MSCs, as well as common AD molecular markers for the skin and blood, which may benefit for clinical diagnosis. IL-1β and its signaling pathway were specifically found to be associated with the development of AD-like dermatitis lesions. MSC treatment effectively inhibited the JAK-STAT pathway and receptors of IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IgE. CONCLUSIONS MSC therapy could regulate abnormal immune and inflammatory status in AD. Mechanistic exploration will contribute to the development of personalized AD treatment based on MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunting Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichang Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siji Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Microbiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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16
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Qi C, Guo H, Jiao X, Yan J, Wang Y, Li Q, Zhao M, Guo X, Wan B, Li X. Ursolic acid ameliorates DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in mice by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110079. [PMID: 36996741 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursolic acid (UA) is a triterpenoid compound found in natural plants. It has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. However, its role in atopic dermatitis (AD) is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of UA in AD mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Balb/c mice were treated with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce AD-like lesions. During modeling and medication administration, dermatitis scores and ear thickness were measured. Subsequently, histopathological changes, levels of T helper cytokines, and oxidative stress markers levels were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess changes in the expression of the nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB) and NF erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Furthermore, CCK8 assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, real-time PCR, and western blotting were employed to evaluate the effects of UA on ROS levels, inflammatory mediator production, and the NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. RESULTS The results showed that UA significantly reduced dermatitis score and ear thickness, effectively inhibited skin proliferation and mast cell infiltration in AD mice, and decreased the expression level of T helper cytokines. Meanwhile, UA improved oxidative stress in AD mice by regulating lipid peroxidation and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, UA inhibited ROS accumulation and chemokine secretion in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. It might exert anti-dermatitis effects by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that UA may have potential therapeutic effects on AD and could be further studied as a promising drug for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Huiru Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Caihong Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiangyue Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Jia Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Qiangsheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xinhao Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Baoluo Wan
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
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17
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Wu C, Lyu A, Shan S. Fulvic Acid Attenuates Atopic Dermatitis by Downregulating CCL17/22. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083507. [PMID: 37110740 PMCID: PMC10146253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The main pathogenic factor in atopic dermatitis (AD) is Th2 inflammation, and levels of serum CCL17 and CCL22 are related to severity in AD patients. Fulvic acid (FA) is a kind of natural humic acid with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects. Our experiments demonstrated the therapeutic effect of FA on AD mice and revealed some potential mechanisms. FA was shown to reduce TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 expression in HaCaT cells stimulated by TNF-α and IFN-γ. The inhibitors showed that FA inhibits CCL17 and CCL22 production by deactivating the p38 MAPK and JNK pathways. After 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induction in mice with atopic dermatitis, FA effectively reduced the symptoms and serum levels of CCL17 and CCL22. In conclusion, topical FA attenuated AD via downregulation of CCL17 and CCL22, via inhibition of P38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation, and FA is a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Anqi Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Shijun Shan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
- Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Chen Hongduo Academician Workstation, Shaoxing Central Hospital, Shaoxing 312030, China
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18
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Lee G, Park J, Lee H, Kim KS, Park JH, Kyung SY, Kim HS, Yang HO, Jung BH. Anti-inflammatory effect and metabolic mechanism of BS012, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia extracts, on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154818. [PMID: 37187105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing skin disease accompanied by itchy and dry skin. AD is caused by complex interactions between innate and adaptive immune response. AD treatment include glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. However, long-term treatment can have serious side effects. Thus, an effective AD treatment with fewer side effects is required. Natural materials, including herbal medicines, have potential applications. PURPOSE This study evaluated the in vivo and in vitro therapeutic effects of BS012, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia extracts, on AD and investigated the underlying metabolic mechanisms. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of BS012 were assessed using a mouse model of AD induced by 1‑chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) and in tumor necrosis factor-alpha/interferon-gamma (TNF-α/IFN-γ) stimulated normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). In DNCB-induced mice, total dermatitis score, histopathological analysis, and immune cell factors were assessed to evaluate the anti-atopic activity. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated NHEKs, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and related signaling pathways were investigated. Serum and intracellular metabolomics were performed to identify the metabolic mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of BS012 treatment. RESULTS In DNCB-induced mice, BS012 showed potent anti-atopic activity, including reducing AD-like skin lesions and inhibiting the expression of Th2 cytokines and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes, BS012 dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by blocking nuclear factor-kappa B and signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways. Serum metabolic profiles of mice revealed significant changes in lipid metabolism related to inflammation in AD. Intracellular metabolome analysis revealed that BS012 treatment affected the metabolism associated with inflammation, skin barrier function, and lipid organization of the stratum corneum. CONCLUSION BS012 exerts anti-atopic activity by reducing the Th2-specific inflammatory response and improving skin barrier function in AD in vivo and in vitro. These effects are mainly related to the inhibition of inflammation and recovery of metabolic imbalance in lipid organization. BS012, a novel combination with strong activity in suppressing the Th2-immune response, could be a potential alternative for AD treatment. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanism in vivo and in vitro using a metabolomics approach will provide crucial information for the development of natural products for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gakyung Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hyunbeom Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Seok Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - So Young Kyung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Convergence Research Center for Natural Products, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
| | - Byung Hwa Jung
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST-School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea.
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19
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Liu Z, Fan Z, Liu J, Wang J, Xu M, Li X, Xu Y, Lu Y, Han C, Zhang Z. Melittin-Carrying Nanoparticle Suppress T Cell-Driven Immunity in a Murine Allergic Dermatitis Model. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204184. [PMID: 36638280 PMCID: PMC9982551 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and atopic dermatitis (AD) are the most common human skin disorders. Although corticosteroids have been widely used to treat ACD and AD, the side effects of corticosteroids encourage researchers to explore new immunoregulatory treatments. Here, an immunomodulatory approach based on lipid nanoparticles carrying α-helical configurational melittin (α-melittin-NP) is developed to overcome T cell-mediated inflammatory reactions in an oxazolone (OXA)-induced contact hypersensitivity mouse model and OXA-induced AD-like mouse model. Intradermal injection of low-dose α-melittin-NPs prevents the skin damage caused by melittin administration alone and efficiently targeted lymph nodes. Importantly, melittin and α-melittin-NPs restrain RelB activity in dendritic cells (DCs) and further suppresses dendritic cell activation and maturation in lymph nodes. Furthermore, low-dose α-melittin-NPs leads to relief of antigen recognition-induced effector T cell arrest in the dermis and inhibited allergen-specific T cell proliferation and activation. Significantly, this approach successfully controls Th1-type cytokine release in the ACD model and restricts Th2-type cytokine and IgE release in the AD-like model. Overall, intradermal delivery of low-dose α-melittin-NPs efficiently elicits immunosuppression against T cell-mediated immune reactions, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for treating skin disorders not restricted to the lesion region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Zhan Fan
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Mengli Xu
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Xinlin Li
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Yilun Xu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikouHainan570228China
| | - Yafang Lu
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Chenlu Han
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Britton Chance Center and MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical PhotonicsWuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
- School of Biomedical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikouHainan570228China
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20
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Inhibitory Effect of Bisdemethoxycurcumin on DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010293. [PMID: 36615486 PMCID: PMC9822078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is an ingredient from the rhizome of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine turmeric. BDMC has been reported to have important pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor and antiproliferative activities. However, its effect on atopic dermatitis has not been reported. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of BDMC on TNF-α/IFNγ-stimulated HaCaT cells and on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mice. Our studies showed in vitro that BDMC was able to significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of chemokines and cytokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells and alleviate their inflammatory response. Our studies found in vivo that BDMC was able to significantly improve the symptoms of DNCB-induced AD skin lesions, decrease the number of scratches, ear thickness, and spleen index, improve inflammatory cells and mast cell infiltration and decrease skin thickness. Moreover, it was also able to inhibit the mRNA expression levels of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines and the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, the results indicated that BDMC can improve atopic dermatitis in mice and that further clinical studies are warranted on its treatment of AD.
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21
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Shi P, Xie S, Yang J, Zhang Y, Han S, Su S, Yao H. Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of bee venom and its main components: Recent progress and perspective. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1001553. [PMID: 36238572 PMCID: PMC9553197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1001553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV), a type of defensive venom, has been confirmed to have favorable activities, such as anti-tumor, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-infectivity effects, etc. This study reviewed the recent progress on the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of BV and its main components against cancer, neurological disorders, inflammatory diseases, pain, microbial diseases, liver, kidney, lung and muscle injury, and other diseases in literature during the years 2018–2021. The related target proteins of BV and its main components against the diseases include Akt, mTOR, JNK, Wnt-5α, HIF-1α, NF-κB, JAK2, Nrf2, BDNF, Smad2/3, AMPK, and so on, which are referring to PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, HIF-1α, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Nrf2/HO-1, TrkB/CREB/BDNF, TGF-β/Smad2/3, and AMPK signaling pathways, etc. Further, with the reported targets, the potential effects and mechanisms on diseases were bioinformatically predicted via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, disease ontology semantic and enrichment (DOSE) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. This review provides new insights into the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of BV and its main components on diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Natural Biotoxins, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiying Shi, ; Hong Yao,
| | - Shihui Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Songkun Su
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiying Shi, ; Hong Yao,
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22
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Therapeutic Effect of Bee Venom and Melittin on Skin Infection Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100663. [PMID: 36287932 PMCID: PMC9611473 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) bacteria cause almost all primary skin infections in humans. Bee venom (BV) and melittin (Mel) have multiple effects, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aims to demonstrate their effects on bacterial mouse skin infection using S. pyogenes. The dorsal skin was tape-stripped, then S. pyogenes was topically applied. BV or Mel were topically applied to the lesion. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, while immunohistochemical staining was performed with anti-neutrophil. S. pyogenes-infected skin revealed increased epidermal and dermal layers, but it was reduced in the BV and Mel groups. Finding increased neutrophils in the mice infected with S. pyogenes, but the BV and Mel mice showed decreased expression. These results suggest that BV and Mel treatments could reduce the inflammatory reactions and help improve lesions induced by S. pyogenes skin infection. This study provides additional assessment of the potential therapeutic effects of BV and Mel in managing skin infection caused by S. pyogenes, further suggesting that it could be a candidate for developing novel treatment alternative for streptococcal skin infections.
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23
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Adverse Events Associated with the Clinical Use of Bee Venom: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080562. [PMID: 36006224 PMCID: PMC9415809 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom is used to treat various diseases but can cause a tickling sensation and anaphylaxis during clinical treatment. Adverse events (AEs) associated with bee venom may vary depending on the dosage, method, route of administration, and the country, region, and user. We summarized the AEs of bee venom used in various ways, such as by the injection of extracts, venom immunotherapy (VIT), live bee stings, or external preparations. We conducted a search in eight databases up to 28 February 2022. It took one month to set the topic and about 2 weeks to set the search terms and the search formula. We conducted a search in advance on 21 February to see if there were omissions in the search terms and whether the search formula was correct. There were no restrictions on the language or bee venom method used and diseases treated. However, natural stings that were not used for treatment were excluded. A total of 105 studies were selected, of which 67, 26, 8, and 4 were on the injection of extracts, VIT, live bee stings, and external preparation, respectively. Sixty-three studies accurately described AEs, while 42 did not report AEs. Thirty-five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were evaluated for the risk of bias, and most of the studies had low significance. A large-scale clinical RCT that evaluates results based on objective criteria is needed. Strict criteria are needed for the reporting of AEs associated with bee venom
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24
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Yaghoubi A, Amel Jamehdar S, Reza Akbari Eidgahi M, Ghazvini K. Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of melittin peptide on the ulcerative colitis mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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von Reumont BM, Anderluh G, Antunes A, Ayvazyan N, Beis D, Caliskan F, Crnković A, Damm M, Dutertre S, Ellgaard L, Gajski G, German H, Halassy B, Hempel BF, Hucho T, Igci N, Ikonomopoulou MP, Karbat I, Klapa MI, Koludarov I, Kool J, Lüddecke T, Ben Mansour R, Vittoria Modica M, Moran Y, Nalbantsoy A, Ibáñez MEP, Panagiotopoulos A, Reuveny E, Céspedes JS, Sombke A, Surm JM, Undheim EAB, Verdes A, Zancolli G. Modern venomics-Current insights, novel methods, and future perspectives in biological and applied animal venom research. Gigascience 2022; 11:6588117. [PMID: 35640874 PMCID: PMC9155608 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Venoms have evolved >100 times in all major animal groups, and their components, known as toxins, have been fine-tuned over millions of years into highly effective biochemical weapons. There are many outstanding questions on the evolution of toxin arsenals, such as how venom genes originate, how venom contributes to the fitness of venomous species, and which modifications at the genomic, transcriptomic, and protein level drive their evolution. These questions have received particularly little attention outside of snakes, cone snails, spiders, and scorpions. Venom compounds have further become a source of inspiration for translational research using their diverse bioactivities for various applications. We highlight here recent advances and new strategies in modern venomics and discuss how recent technological innovations and multi-omic methods dramatically improve research on venomous animals. The study of genomes and their modifications through CRISPR and knockdown technologies will increase our understanding of how toxins evolve and which functions they have in the different ontogenetic stages during the development of venomous animals. Mass spectrometry imaging combined with spatial transcriptomics, in situ hybridization techniques, and modern computer tomography gives us further insights into the spatial distribution of toxins in the venom system and the function of the venom apparatus. All these evolutionary and biological insights contribute to more efficiently identify venom compounds, which can then be synthesized or produced in adapted expression systems to test their bioactivity. Finally, we critically discuss recent agrochemical, pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and diagnostic (so-called translational) aspects of venoms from which humans benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern M von Reumont
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Department for Applied Bioinformatics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage 25, 60235 Frankfurt, Germany.,Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute for Insectbiotechnology, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, 35396 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gregor Anderluh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Agostinho Antunes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Naira Ayvazyan
- Orbeli Institute of Physiology of NAS RA, Orbeli ave. 22, 0028 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Dimitris Beis
- Developmental Biology, Centre for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Figen Caliskan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TR-26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ana Crnković
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maik Damm
- Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lars Ellgaard
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hannah German
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Beata Halassy
- University of Zagreb, Centre for Research and Knowledge Transfer in Biotechnology, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Benjamin-Florian Hempel
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Hucho
- Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nasit Igci
- Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 50300 Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Maria P Ikonomopoulou
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food, Madrid,E28049, Spain.,The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Izhar Karbat
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Maria I Klapa
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras GR-26504, Greece
| | - Ivan Koludarov
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, Institute for Insectbiotechnology, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, 35396 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jeroen Kool
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Lüddecke
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Frankfurt, Senckenberganlage 25, 60235 Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Riadh Ben Mansour
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Gafsa University, Campus Universitaire Siidi Ahmed Zarrouk, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Maria Vittoria Modica
- Dept. of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Po 25c, I-00198 Roma, Italy
| | - Yehu Moran
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ayse Nalbantsoy
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - María Eugenia Pachón Ibáñez
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexios Panagiotopoulos
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras GR-26504, Greece.,Animal Biology Division, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26500, Greece
| | - Eitan Reuveny
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Javier Sánchez Céspedes
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andy Sombke
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim M Surm
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Eivind A B Undheim
- University of Oslo, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Postboks 1066 Blindern 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aida Verdes
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Zancolli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Moreira Castro BF, Nunes da Silva C, Barbosa Cordeiro LP, Pereira de Freitas Cenachi S, Vasconcelos-Santos DV, Machado RR, Dias Heneine LG, Silva LM, Silva-Cunha A, Fialho SL. Low-dose melittin is safe for intravitreal administration and ameliorates inflammation in an experimental model of uveitis. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100107. [PMID: 35647524 PMCID: PMC9130091 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis is a group of sight-threatening ocular inflammatory disorders, whose mainstay of therapy is associated with severe adverse events, prompting the investigation of alternative treatments. The peptide melittin (MEL) is the major component of Apis mellifera bee venom and presents anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities, with possible application in ophthalmology. This work aims to investigate the potential of intravitreal MEL in the treatment of ocular diseases involving inflammatory processes, especially uveitis. Safety of MEL was assessed in retinal cells, chick embryo chorioallantoic membranes, and rats. MEL at concentrations safe for intravitreal administration showed an antiangiogenic activity in the chorioallantoic membrane model comparable to bevacizumab, used as positive control. A protective anti-inflammatory effect in retinal cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was also observed, without toxic effects. Finally, rats with bacille Calmette-Guerin- (BCG) induced uveitis treated with intravitreal MEL showed attenuated disease progression and improvement of clinical, morphological, and functional parameters, in addition to decreased levels of proinflammatory mediators in the posterior segment of the eye. These effects were comparable to the response observed with corticosteroid treatment. Therefore, MEL presents adequate safety profile for intraocular administration and has therapeutic potential as an anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic agent for ocular diseases. Melittin at low concentration is safe for intravitreal administration. The antiangiogenic effect of melittin on the chorioallantoic membrane model is comparable to bevacizumab. Melittin protects retinal cells from inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide. Melittin improves clinical, functional and morphological signs of inflammation in rats with BCG-induced uveitis.
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27
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Gil TY, Kang SC, Jin BR, An HJ. Euphorbia hirta Leaf Ethanol Extract Suppresses TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced Inflammatory Response via Down-Regulating JNK or STAT1/3 Pathways in Human Keratinocytes. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040589. [PMID: 35455080 PMCID: PMC9029983 DOI: 10.3390/life12040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin inflammation may cause allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) is a member of the Euphorbiaceae family and is well-known for its anti-asthma effects. E. hirta has traditionally been used to treat respiratory ailments, dysentery, jaundice, and digestive problems. However, its effects on skin inflammation remain unclear. Here, we determined the effects of 70% ethanol extract of E. hirta leaves (ELE) in vitro using human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, which constitute most epidermal skin cells. We determined the inhibitory effects of ELE on the inflammation caused by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ in keratinocytes using ELISA, immunoblotting, and qRT-PCR assay. ELE was found to reduce the production and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α or interleukin-6 and the expression of various proteins, including signal transducers, activators of transcription 1/3, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Expression levels of these proteins were found to be upregulated in the TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated condition and downregulated by ELE treatment. These results indicate that ELE protects HaCaT cells against TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced skin inflammation.
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28
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Gu H, An HJ, Gwon MG, Bae S, Leem J, Lee SJ, Han SM, Zouboulis CC, Park KK. Bee Venom and Its Major Component Melittin Attenuated Cutibacterium acnes- and IGF-1-Induced Acne Vulgaris via Inactivation of Akt/mTOR/SREBP Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063152. [PMID: 35328573 PMCID: PMC8953527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is the most common disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex, involving increased sebum production and perifollicular inflammation. Understanding the factors that regulate sebum production is important in identifying novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of acne. Bee Venom (BV) and melittin have multiple effects including antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities in various cell types. However, the anti-lipogenic mechanisms of BV and melittin have not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of BV and melittin in models of Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes)-induced lipogenic skin disease. C. acnes or IGF-1 increased the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), transcription factors that regulate numerous genes involved in lipid biosynthesis through the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/SREBP signaling pathway. In this study using a C. acnes or IGF-1 stimulated lipogenic disease model, BV and melittin inhibited the increased expression of lipogenic and pro-inflammatory factor through the blockade of the Akt/mTOR/SREBP signaling pathway. This study suggests for the first time that BV and melittin could be developed as potential natural anti-acne agents with anti-lipogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-C. acnes activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Hyun-Jin An
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Seongjae Bae
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea;
| | - Sun-Jae Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
| | - Sang-Mi Han
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju 54875, Korea;
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Auenweg 38, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea; (H.G.); (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-650-4149
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Senturk A, Dalkiran B, Acikgoz B, Aksu I, Acikgoz O, Kiray M. The effects of bee venom on liver and skeletal muscle in exhaustive swimming rats. Biol Futur 2022; 73:237-244. [PMID: 35291017 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage and proinflammatory cytokines are involved in exhaustive exercise-induced fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bee venom, a natural toxin, on fatigue and tissue damage in rats that underwent forced swimming exercise. Rats were divided into four groups: control, swimming exercise (SE), bee venom (BV) and swimming exercise + bee venom (SE + BV). SE and SE + BV groups were subjected to forced swimming (load of 7% body weight) for 5 days. BV and SE + BV groups were injected with 1 mg/kg BV subcutaneously. Swimming time, blood lactate and TNF-α levels, MDA and GSH levels in liver and gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated. Swimming time was shorter in SE + BV group than SE group. There was no difference in lactate levels between SE and SE + BV groups. MDA and GSH levels were increased in SE, BV and SE + BV groups. TNF-α levels were increased in BV group compared to control and SE groups. Our study demonstrated that BV administration before exhaustive exercise in rats did not provide anti-fatigue effect. Additionally, BV did not show anti-inflammatory activity and had different effects on antioxidant capacity at tissue level. Further research might explore the effects of different doses and durations of BV on exhaustive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Askin Senturk
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Bahar Dalkiran
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Burcu Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Aksu
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Osman Acikgoz
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - Muge Kiray
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey.
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30
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Soares-Silva B, Beserra-Filho JIA, Morera PMA, Custódio-Silva AC, Maria-Macêdo A, Silva-Martins S, Alexandre-Silva V, Silva SP, Silva RH, Ribeiro AM. The bee venom active compound melittin protects against bicuculline-induced seizures and hippocampal astrocyte activation in rats. Neuropeptides 2022; 91:102209. [PMID: 34808488 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neuropathology characterized by an abnormal hyperactivity of neurons that generate recurrent, spontaneous, paradoxical and synchronized nerve impulses, leading or not to seizures. This neurological disorder affects around 70 million individuals worldwide. Pharmacoresistance is observed in about 30% of the patients and long-term use of antiepileptics may induce serious side effects. Thus, there is an interest in the study of the therapeutic potential of bioactive substances isolated from natural products in the treatment of epilepsy. Arthropod venoms contain neurotoxins that have high affinity for molecular structures in the neural tissue such as receptors, transporters and ion channels both in glial and neuronal membranes. This study evaluated the potential neuroprotective effect of melittin (MEL), an active compound of bee venom, in the bicuculline-induced seizure model (BIC) in rats. Male Wistar rats (3 months, 250-300 g) were submitted to surgery for the implantation of a unilateral cannula in the lateral ventricle. After the recovery period, rats received a microinjection of saline solution or MEL (0.1 mg per animal). Firstly, rats were evaluated in the open field (20 min) and in the elevated plus maze (5 min) tests after received microinjection of saline or MEL. After, 30 min later animals received BIC (100 mg/ml) or saline, and their behaviors were analyzed for 20 min in the open field according to a seizure scale. At the end, rats were euthanized, brains collected and processed to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry evaluation. No changes were observed in MEL-treated rats in the open field and elevated plus maze. However, 90% of MEL-treated animals were protected against seizures induced by BIC. There was an increase in the latency for the onset of seizures, accompanied by a reduction of GFAP-immunoreactivity cells in the dentate gyrus and CA1. Thus, our study suggests that MEL has an anticonvulsant potential, and further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Ivo Araújo Beserra-Filho
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Maria-Macêdo
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sara Pereira Silva
- Departament of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Regina Helena Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Wainwright CL, Teixeira MM, Adelson DL, Buenz EJ, David B, Glaser KB, Harata-Lee Y, Howes MJR, Izzo AA, Maffia P, Mayer AM, Mazars C, Newman DJ, Nic Lughadha E, Pimenta AM, Parra JA, Qu Z, Shen H, Spedding M, Wolfender JL. Future Directions for the Discovery of Natural Product-Derived Immunomodulating Drugs. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106076. [PMID: 35074524 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery from natural sources is going through a renaissance, having spent many decades in the shadow of synthetic molecule drug discovery, despite the fact that natural product-derived compounds occupy a much greater chemical space than those created through synthetic chemistry methods. With this new era comes new possibilities, not least the novel targets that have emerged in recent times and the development of state-of-the-art technologies that can be applied to drug discovery from natural sources. Although progress has been made with some immunomodulating drugs, there remains a pressing need for new agents that can be used to treat the wide variety of conditions that arise from disruption, or over-activation, of the immune system; natural products may therefore be key in filling this gap. Recognising that, at present, there is no authoritative article that details the current state-of-the-art of the immunomodulatory activity of natural products, this in-depth review has arisen from a joint effort between the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) Natural Products and Immunopharmacology, with contributions from a Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation number of world-leading researchers in the field of natural product drug discovery, to provide a "position statement" on what natural products has to offer in the search for new immunomodulatory argents. To this end, we provide a historical look at previous discoveries of naturally occurring immunomodulators, present a picture of the current status of the field and provide insight into the future opportunities and challenges for the discovery of new drugs to treat immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry L Wainwright
- Centre for Natural Products in Health, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - David L Adelson
- Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Eric J Buenz
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, New Zealand.
| | - Bruno David
- Green Mission Pierre Fabre, Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Toulouse, France.
| | - Keith B Glaser
- AbbVie Inc., Integrated Discovery Operations, North Chicago, USA.
| | - Yuka Harata-Lee
- Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Melanie-Jayne R Howes
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Alejandro Ms Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, IL, USA.
| | - Claire Mazars
- Green Mission Pierre Fabre, Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | - Adriano Mc Pimenta
- Laboratory of Animal Venoms and Toxins, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - John Aa Parra
- Laboratory of Animal Venoms and Toxins, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Hanyuan Shen
- Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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32
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Xu Y, Chen S, Zhang L, Chen G, Chen J. The Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Pruritus Mechanisms of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:735295. [PMID: 34925005 PMCID: PMC8675233 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.735295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease driven by a T-cell-mediated immune response, with inflammation and pruritus being its main clinical manifestations. Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDT), which is an ancient Chinese medicine herbal formula derived from Wai-Tai-Mi-Yao, is a potentially effective treatment for AD. We aimed to clarify the anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritus mechanisms of HLJDT in AD treatment. We performed immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Luminex-based direct multiplex immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and flow cytometry to address the abovementioned aims. HLJDT significantly reduced clinical symptoms and ear swelling in AD-like mice by inhibiting the production of cytokines [histamine, interleukin (IL)-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-31, and IL-33], substance P (SP), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV-1), and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Additionally, HLJDT significantly suppressed the protein expression levels and positive cell percentage of CD28, CD80, CD86, CD207, CD326, MHCII, and OX40 in the lymphoid nodes. Moreover, HLJDT significantly suppressed mRNA and protein expression of tyrosine–protein kinase (JAK1), histamine H4 receptor, and IL-4Rα, as well as the protein expression of GRP, SP, and TRPV-1 in the root ganglion. Our findings indicate that HLJDT can treat AD by regulating the antigen presentation function of dendritic cells, weakening T-lymphocyte activation, and subsequently exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-pruritus effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Saizhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Guirong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China.,67th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Dalian, China
| | - Jinguang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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33
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Gardenia jasminoides extract ameliorates DfE-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through restoration of barrier function and T-helper 2-mediated immune response. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112344. [PMID: 34847477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) leads to skin barrier abnormalities and immune dysfunction. As the topical steroids commonly used to treat AD have side effects from long-term use, research into safer treatments for AD is greatly needed. The medicinal herb Gardenia jasminoides improves AD symptoms via skin barrier activation and T helper 2-mediated immune response regulation. Crocin, a bioactive component within the extract, is dispensible for its restorative effects. As such, this work explored the effects of Gardenia jasminoides extract without crocin (GjexCr) on AD symptoms in a DfE-induced AD model in 6-week-old male NC/Nga mice (25.0 ± 0.25 g, n = 10 each, 6 groups). Using histological and behavioral assays, the effects of GjexCr on dermatitis scores, scratching behavior, skin barrier activation, and serum levels of IgE, chemokines, and cytokines were analyzed. In addition, the major components from the GjexCr extract were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and validated in the AD model. GjexCr reduced ear thickness due to hyperkeratosis, dermal thickening, and scratching behavior and restored dermatitis scores in AD-induced mice. GjexCr administration also decreased inflammation and mast cell infiltration, as well as modulated skin barrier recovery by upregulating the production of epidermal proteins. Moreover, GjexCr administration attenuated imbalanced immune responses. Furthermore, geniposide, the main component of GjexCr, improved AD symptoms in DfE-treated NC/Nga mice. Thus, GjexCr could be a suitable treatment for protecting the skin barrier in AD-like skin lesions and a potential therapy for AD.
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34
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Cosmetic Applications of Bee Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110810. [PMID: 34822594 PMCID: PMC8625659 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) is a typical toxin secreted by stingers of honeybee workers. BV and BV therapy have long been attractive to different cultures, with extensive studies during recent decades. Nowadays, BV is applied to combat several skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, alopecia, vitiligo, and psoriasis. BV is used extensively in topical preparations as cosmetics and used as dressing for wound healing, as well as in facemasks. Nevertheless, the safety of BV as a therapeutic choice has always been a concern due to the immune system reaction in some people due to BV use. The documented unfavorable impact is explained by the fact that the skin reactions to BV might expand to excessive immunological responses, including anaphylaxis, that typically resolve over numerous days. This review aims to address bee venom therapeutic uses in skin cosmetics.
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35
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Zurmühl N, Schmitt A, Formentini U, Weiss J, Appel H, Debatin KM, Fabricius D. Differential uptake of three clinically relevant allergens by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Clin Mol Allergy 2021; 19:23. [PMID: 34789269 PMCID: PMC8597288 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-021-00163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) have a dual role as interferon-producing and antigen-presenting cells. Their relevance for allergic diseases is controversial. and the impact of pDC on allergic immune responses is poorly understood. Methods This in vitro study on human pDC isolated from peripheral blood was designed to compare side by side the uptake of three clinically relevant representative allergens: fluorochrome-labeled house dust mite Der p 1, Bee venom extract from Apis mellifera (Api) and the food allergen OVA analyzed flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Results We found that the internalization and its regulation by TLR9 ligation was significantly different between allergens in terms of time course and strength of uptake. Api and OVA uptake in pDC of healthy subjects was faster and reached higher levels than Der p 1 uptake. CpG ODN 2006 suppressed OVA uptake and to a lesser extent Der p 1, while Api internalization was not affected. All allergens colocalized with LAMP1 and EEA1, with Api being internalized particularly fast and reaching highest intracellular levels in pDC. Of note, we could not determine any specific differences in antigen uptake in allergic compared with healthy subjects. Conclusions To our knowledge this is the first study that directly compares uptake regulation of clinically relevant inhalative, injective and food allergens in pDC. Our findings may help to explain differences in the onset and severity of allergic reactions as well as in the efficiency of AIT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12948-021-00163-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle Zurmühl
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Schmitt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrike Formentini
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Weiss
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Heike Appel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dorit Fabricius
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
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36
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Guha S, Ferrie RP, Ghimire J, Ventura CR, Wu E, Sun L, Kim SY, Wiedman GR, Hristova K, Wimley WC. Applications and evolution of melittin, the quintessential membrane active peptide. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114769. [PMID: 34543656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melittin, the main venom component of the European Honeybee, is a cationic linear peptide-amide of 26 amino acid residues with the sequence: GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ-NH2. Melittin binds to lipid bilayer membranes, folds into amphipathic α-helical secondary structure and disrupts the permeability barrier. Since melittin was first described, a remarkable array of activities and potential applications in biology and medicine have been described. Melittin is also a favorite model system for biophysicists to study the structure, folding and function of peptides and proteins in membranes. Melittin has also been used as a template for the evolution of new activities in membranes. Here we overview the rich history of scientific research into the many activities of melittin and outline exciting future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Guha
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan P Ferrie
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jenisha Ghimire
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ventura
- Seton Hall University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Eric Wu
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leisheng Sun
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Y Kim
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Gregory R Wiedman
- Seton Hall University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Kalina Hristova
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Wimley C Wimley
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee HS, Kim YS, Lee KS, Seo HS, Lee CY, Kim KK. Detoxification of Bee Venom Increases Its Anti-inflammatory Activity and Decreases Its Cytotoxicity and Allergenic Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4068-4082. [PMID: 34542820 PMCID: PMC8450311 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bee venom is a medicinal product that is widely used in traditional therapies owing to its excellent anti-inflammatory activity. However, the use of bee venom has shown adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need for research that can remove the cytotoxicity of bee venom and enhance its efficacy. In this study, we hydrolyzed melittin, the main component of bee venom, and removed the other components to eliminate the toxicity of bee venom. To compare the efficacy of bee venom and detoxified bee venom, we examined their antioxidant effects using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. In addition, cytotoxicity was confirmed in MCF 10A and RAW 264.7 cells, using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) assay. Detoxified bee venom showed a strong antioxidant activity and decreased a cytotoxicity in MCF 10A and RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of detoxified bee venom and bee venom were assessed by comparison of the expression of inflammatory cytokine mRNA and phosphorylation of IκBα in RAW 264.7 cells. Degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells was analyzed through β-hexosaminidase release assay to confirm the allergenic activity of bee venom and detoxified bee venom. Treatment of the detoxified bee venom inhibited inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression, IκBα phosphorylation, and β-hexosaminidase release. Taken together, the results indicated that compared to bee venom, detoxified bee venom exhibited decreased cytotoxicity and allergenicity and increased anti-inflammatory activity. In conclusion, detoxification of bee venom efficiently decreases the adverse effects, making it suitable for medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Kim
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Seob Lee
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Suk Seo
- Dong Seo Medical Research Institute, 12048, 15, Yangji-ro, Onam-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Chiu YH, Wu YW, Hung JI, Chen MC. Epigallocatechin gallate/L-ascorbic acid-loaded poly-γ-glutamate microneedles with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:223-233. [PMID: 34087444 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, inherent instability of EGCG greatly limits its bioavailability and clinical efficacy. In this study, we developed a poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA)-based microneedle (MN) formulation capable of maintaining EGCG's stability and efficiently delivering EGCG into the skin to ameliorate AD symptoms. The γ-PGA MN can not only protect EGCG from oxidation, but also serve as an immunomodulator to downregulate T helper type 2 (Th2)-type immune responses. Encapsulation of EGCG into the γ-PGA MN and utilization of L-ascorbic acid (AA) as a stabilizer preserved 95% of its structural stability and retained 93% of its initial antioxidant activity after 4 weeks of storage. Once-weekly administration of EGCG/AA-loaded MNs to an Nc/Nga mouse model of AD for 4 weeks significantly ameliorated skin lesions and epidermal hyperplasia by reducing serum IgE (from 12156 ± 1344 to 5555 ± 1362 ng/mL) and histamine levels (from 81 ± 18 to 40 ± 5 pg/mL) and inhibiting IFN-γ (from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 0.01 pg/mg total protein) and Th2-type cytokine production, when compared to the AD (no treatment) group (p < 0.05). Notably, once-weekly MN therapy was at least as effective as the daily topical application of an EGCG + AA solution but markedly reduced the administration frequency and required dose. These results show that EGCG/AA-loaded γ-PGA MNs may be a convenient and promising therapeutic option for AD treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/L-ascorbic acid (AA)-loaded poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA) microneedles (MN) capable of providing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects on inflamed skin for ameliorating atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms in Nc/Nga mice. After skin insertion, the γ-PGA MN can be quickly dissolved in the skin and remain in the dermis for sustained release of encapsulated active ingredients for 6 days. We demonstrated that once-weekly MN therapy effectively alleviated skin lesions and modulated immune response to relieve Th2-polarized allergic response in mice. Once-weekly MN dosing regimen may provide patients with a more convenient, therapeutically equivalent option to daily topical dosing, and may increase compliance and long-term persistence with AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiu Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-I Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Fan XG, Pei SY, Zhou D, Zhou PC, Huang Y, Hu XW, Li T, Wang Y, Huang ZB, Li N. Melittin ameliorates inflammation in mouse acute liver failure via inhibition of PKM2-mediated Warburg effect. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1256-1266. [PMID: 32939034 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a fatal clinical syndrome with no special drug. Recent evidence shows that modulation of macrophage to inhibit inflammation may be a promising strategy for ALF treatment. In this study we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of melittin, a major peptide component of bee venom both in mice model of ALF and in LPS-stimulated macrophages in vitro, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. ALF was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine/LPS. Then the mice were treated with melittin (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg, ip). We showed that melittin treatment markedly improved mortality, attenuated severe symptoms and signs, and alleviated hepatic inflammation in D-galactosamine/LPS-induced ALF mice with the optimal dose being 4 mg/kg. In addition, melittin within the effective doses did not cause significant in vivo toxicity. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, melittin (0.7 μM) exerted anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation effects. We showed that LPS stimulation promoted aerobic glycolysis of macrophages through increasing glycolytic rate, upregulated the levels of Warburg effect-related enzymes and metabolites including lactate, LDHA, LDH, and GLUT-1, and activated Akt/mTOR/PKM2/HIF-1α signaling. Melittin treatment suppressed M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), thus disrupted the Warburg effect to alleviate inflammation. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that melittin targeted PKM2. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, knockdown of PKM2 caused similar anti-inflammation effects as melittin did. In D-galactosamine/LPS-induced ALF mice, melittin treatment markedly decreased the expression levels of PKM2 and HIF-1α in liver. This work demonstrates that melittin inhibits macrophage activation-mediated inflammation via inhibition of aerobic glycolysis by targeting PKM2, which highlights a novel strategy of using melittin for ALF treatment.
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Yang CC, Hung YL, Ko WC, Tsai YJ, Chang JF, Liang CW, Chang DC, Hung CF. Effect of Neferine on DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in HaCaT Cells and BALB/c Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158237. [PMID: 34361003 PMCID: PMC8348662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and persistent inflammatory skin disease characterized by eczematous lesions and itching, and it has become a serious health problem. However, the common clinical treatments provide limited relief and are accompanied by adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel and effective therapies to treat AD. Neferine is a small molecule compound isolated from the green embryo of the mature seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). It has a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid structure. Relevant studies have shown that neferine has many pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and anti-diabetic activities. However, there are very few studies on neferine in the skin, especially the related effects on inflammatory skin diseases. In this study, we proved that it has the potential to be used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Through in vitro studies, we found that neferine inhibited the expression of cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, and it reduced the phosphorylation of MAPK and the NF-κB signaling pathway. Through in vivo experiments, we used 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in a mouse model. Our results show that neferine significantly decreased the skin barrier damage, scratching responses, and epidermal hyperplasia induced by DNCB. It significantly decreased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema, blood flow, and ear thickness and increased surface skin hydration. Moreover, it also inhibited the expression of cytokines and the activation of signaling pathways. These results indicate that neferine has good potential as an alternative medicine for the treatment of atopic dermatitis or other skin-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chi Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City 32551, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Ling Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (Y.-J.T.)
| | - Wen-Chin Ko
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan; (W.-C.K.); (C.-W.L.)
- Division of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (Y.-J.T.)
| | - Jia-Feng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan;
| | - Cher-Wei Liang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan; (W.-C.K.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Der-Chen Chang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Computer Science, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan; (W.-C.K.); (C.-W.L.)
- PhD Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-29053911
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Xu J, Xiong H, Zhao Z, Luo M, Ju Y, Yang G, Mei Z. Genistein suppresses allergic contact dermatitis through regulating the MAP2K2/ERK pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:4556-4569. [PMID: 33908440 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03238g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genistein is one of the main components of soybeans and has been reported to be a potential candidate for the treatment of obesity, cancer, osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, genistein has been shown to have therapeutic effects on some chronic skin diseases, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the role of genistein in alleviating squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE)-induced allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in mice, and elucidated the potential molecular mechanisms in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. The impacts of genistein on the production of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines including CXCL9, TSLP, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the skin and serum of ACD mice were assessed, as well as the phosphorylation of components in the MAPK and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways in the skin and dorsal root ganglions (DRGs). The results showed that genistein exerted protective effects on skin damage and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, genistein significantly inhibited the increased expressions of pro-inflammatory factors in skin and peripheral blood, and down-regulated the levels of p-ERK, p-p38 and p-STAT3 in skin and DRGs. Furthermore, genistein inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and STAT3 to downregulate the expression of cytokines and chemokines, and feedback downregulate phospho-p38 in TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cells. The genistein-mediated inhibitory effect on the MAPK pathway can be reversed by siMAP2K2 but not by siMAP2K4. Altogether, our findings demonstrated that genistein exhibits strong antipruritic and anti-inflammatory effects in ACD mice by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and intracellular MAP2K2/ERK cell signaling, which makes genistein a potentially valuable candidate for the treatment of skin conditions and systemic syndromes in the setting of contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Koycheva IK, Vasileva LV, Amirova KM, Marchev AS, Balcheva-Sivenova ZP, Georgiev MI. Biotechnologically Produced Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Extract Rich in Rosmarinic Acid Resolves Psoriasis-Related Inflammation Through Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680168. [PMID: 33986690 PMCID: PMC8111009 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common skin pathology, characterized by dysregulation of epidermal keratinocyte function attended by persistent inflammation, suggesting that molecules with anti-inflammatory potential may be effective for its management. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural bioactive molecule known to have an anti-inflammatory potential. Here we examined the effect of biotechnologically produced cell suspension extract of Lavandula angustifolia Mill (LV) high in RA content as treatment for psoriasis-associated inflammation in human keratinocytes. Regulatory genes from the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways were upregulated upon stimulation with a combination of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-22. We also observed that both LV extract and RA could inhibit JAK2, leading to reduced STAT1 phosphorylation. Further, we demonstrated that LV extract inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT), which could be implicated in reduced hyperproliferation in keratinocytes. Collectively, these findings indicate that the biotechnologically produced LV extract resolved psoriasis-like inflammation in human keratinocytes by interfering the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway and its effectiveness is due to its high content of RA (10%). Hence, both LV extract and pure RA possess the potential to be incorporated in formulations for topical application as therapeutic approach against psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanka K Koycheva
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Liliya V Vasileva
- Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kristiana M Amirova
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Andrey S Marchev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Zhivka P Balcheva-Sivenova
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Department Plant Cell Biotechnology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Tian X, Liu B, Chen L, Xie Y, Liang J, Yang Y, Shao L, Zhang J, Wang J, Zhang X, Wu Z, Liu Y. RNA-Seq Identifies Marked Th17 Cell Activation and Altered CFTR Expression in Different Atopic Dermatitis Subtypes in Chinese Han Populations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:628512. [PMID: 33868246 PMCID: PMC8047326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.628512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibit phenotypic variability in ethnicity and IgE status. In addition, some patients develop other allergic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis (AR), in subsequent life. Understanding the heterogeneity of AD would be beneficial to phenotype-specific therapies. Methods Twenty-eight Chinese AD patients and 8 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was conducted on lesional and nonlesional skin samples from 10 AD patients and matched normal skin samples from 5 healthy volunteers. Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), KEGG pathway analyses, and sample cluster analyses were conducted in the R software environment using the DEseq2, ClusterProfiler, and pheatmap R packages, respectively. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA were used to detect gene expression levels among subtypes. Correlation analysis was performed to further investigate their correlation with disease severity. Results A total of 25,798 genes were detected per sample. Subgroup differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis revealed significant changes in the IL17 signaling pathway in Chinese EAD patients but not in IAD patients. DEGs enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and gland secretion were considered to be associated with atopic march. Further investigations confirmed a marked IL17A upregulation in Chinese EAD with a positive relationship with total IgE level and AD severity. In addition, increased IL17A in AD patients with AR demonstrated a closer association with AR severity than IL4R. Moreover, AQP5 and CFTR were decreased in the lesions of AD patients with AR. The CFTR mRNA expression level was negatively associated with the skin IL17A level and AR severity. Conclusion Our research characterized marked Th17 activation in Chinese EAD patients, and altered expression of IL17A, IL4R, AQP5, and CFTR in AD patients with AR was associated with AR severity. It partially explained the phenotypic differences of AD subtypes and provided potential references for endotype-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongyi Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyao Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xibao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
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The role of the multifunctional antimicrobial peptide melittin in gene delivery. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1053-1059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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45
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Minutti-Zanella C, Gil-Leyva EJ, Vergara I. Immunomodulatory properties of molecules from animal venoms. Toxicon 2021; 191:54-68. [PMID: 33417946 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The immune system can amplify or decrease the strength of its response when it is stimulated by chemical or biological substances that act as immunostimulators, immunosuppressants, or immunoadjuvants. Immunomodulation is a progressive approach to treat a diversity of pathologies with promising results, including autoimmune disorders and cancer. Animal venoms are a mixture of chemical compounds that include proteins, peptides, amines, salts, polypeptides, enzymes, among others, which produce the toxic effect. Since the discovery of captopril in the early 1980s, other components from snakes, spiders, scorpions, and marine animal venoms have been demonstrated to be useful for treating several human diseases. The valuable progress in fields such as venomics, molecular biology, biotechnology, immunology, and others has been crucial to understanding the interaction of toxins with the immune system and its application on immune pathologies. More in-depth knowledge of venoms' components and multi-disciplinary studies could facilitate their transformation into effective novel immunotherapies. This review addresses advances and research of molecules from venoms that have immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Minutti-Zanella
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Las Américas Puebla, ExHda. Sta. Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico
| | - E J Gil-Leyva
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Las Américas Puebla, ExHda. Sta. Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico
| | - I Vergara
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Las Américas Puebla, ExHda. Sta. Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico.
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Tang L, Cao X, Li X, Ding H. Topical application with conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like lesions in BALB/c mice. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:237-248. [PMID: 33206422 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, eczematous lesions, pruritus, and abnormal immune responses. In this study, we assessed the therapeutic effect of topical applied conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on a murine AD model that was developed by repetitive applications of 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). 2% or 5% CLA could markedly ameliorate AD-like skin lesions, scratching behaviour and skin inflammation as evidenced by the reduced inflammatory blood cells, IgE and Th2-related cytokine levels, and the infiltration of mast cells and inflammatory cells to the dermal tissues. Moreover, topical application with CLA modulated skin barrier repair including maintaining a balanced skin pH and increasing skin hydration, partially mediated by upregulating skin barrier-related protein, filaggrin (FLG). In addition, topical CLA significantly dose-dependently inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and pro-inflammatory enzyme expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflamed mice skin. Its anti-inflammatory effect was associated with the inhibition of DNFB-stimulated IκBα and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in mouse skin. Taken together, our results suggest that locally applied CLA exerts potentially protective effects against AD lesional skin at least in part, due to regulation of skin barrier function and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cao
- College of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Melittin Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cell Death in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8843051. [PMID: 33488946 PMCID: PMC7803412 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8843051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-related acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide health problem, and its pathogenesis involves multiple pathways. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that induces systemic inflammatory responses. Melittin, a main constituent of bee venom, exerts several biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. However, whether melittin protects against endotoxin-induced AKI remains undetermined. Here, we aimed to examine the potential action of melittin on LPS-induced renal injury and explore the mechanisms. We showed that acute renal failure and structural damage after injection of LPS were markedly attenuated by administration of melittin. The peptide also suppressed expression of markers of direct tubular damage in kidneys of the LPS-treated mice. Mechanistically, melittin reduced systemic and renal levels of cytokines and inhibited renal accumulation of immune cells with concomitant suppression of nuclear factor kappa-B pathway. Increased amounts of lipid peroxidation products after LPS treatment were largely decreased by melittin. Additionally, the peptide decreased expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 and enhanced nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-mediated antioxidant defenses. Moreover, melittin inhibited apoptotic and necroptotic cell death after LPS treatment. Lastly, we showed that melittin improved the survival rate of LPS-injected mice. These results suggest that melittin ameliorates endotoxin-induced AKI and mortality through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative injury, and apoptotic and necroptotic death of tubular epithelial cells.
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Kreinest T, Volkmer I, Staege MS. Melittin Increases Cisplatin Sensitivity and Kills KM-H2 and L-428 Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010343. [PMID: 33396195 PMCID: PMC7795649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is neoplasia with high cure rates. However, not all patients can be cured with the current treatment. Chemo-resistance of tumor cells is one factor involved in treatment failure. In addition to its pore-forming activity on lipid bilayer membranes, the toxin melittin from bee venom is an inhibitor of several cancer-related signaling pathways. Moreover, melittin analogs have been shown to inhibit the activity of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters which are known to play important roles in the chemo-resistance of tumor cells. Therefore, we tested the toxicity of melittin for HL cell lines KM-H2 and L-428 and whether melittin can increase the chemo-sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant HL cells. We found high toxicity of melittin for KM-H2 and L-428 cells. In co-cultures with normal blood cells, melittin preferentially killed KM-H2 and L-428 cells. In addition, we observed increased cisplatin sensitivity of chemo-resistant L-428 cells after treatment with melittin. ABC transporter activity was not reduced after treatment with melittin. Our data suggest that melittin or melittin analogs might be promising agents for the future development of treatment strategies for HL patients with resistant disease.
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Venom peptides in cancer therapy: An updated review on cellular and molecular aspects. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105327. [PMID: 33276098 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the high incidence and mortality rates of cancer, its therapy remains one of the most vital challenges in the field of medicine. Consequently, enhancing the efficacy of currently applied treatments and finding novel strategies are of great importance for cancer treatment. Venoms are important sources of a variety of bioactive compounds including salts, small molecules, macromolecules, proteins, and peptides that are defined as toxins. They can exhibit different pharmacological effects, and in recent years, their anti-tumor activities have gained significant attention. Several different compounds are responsible for the anti-tumor activity of venoms, and peptides are one of them. In the present review, we discuss the possible anti-tumor activities of venom peptides by highlighting molecular pathways and mechanisms through which these molecules can act effectively. Venom peptides can induce cell death in cancer cells and can substantially enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Also, the venom peptides can mitigate the migration of cancer cells via suppression of angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Notably, nanoparticles have been applied in enhancing the bioavailability of venom peptides and providing targeted delivery, thereby leading to their elevated anti-tumor activity and potential application for cancer therapy.
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Ahmedy OA, Ibrahim SM, Salem HH, Kandil EA. Antiulcerogenic effect of melittin via mitigating TLR4/TRAF6 mediated NF-κB and p38MAPK pathways in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109276. [PMID: 33002459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease driven primarily by uncontrolled pervasive inflammatory responses affecting the colon and rectum. Currently available medications carry multiple detrimental adverse effects, which have emphasized the mandatory need for safer and more efficient novel therapeutic alternatives. Melittin is the main constituent of bee venom and exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. The antiulcerogenic effect of oral melittin (40 μg/kg) was explored in the current study using the acetic acid-induced colitis model. Increase in body weight and decrease in colon mass index were observed in the melittin group. Microscopically, melittin ameliorated acetic acid-induced histological damage. Melittin administration has efficiently amended the elevated levels of the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) seen in the colitis group. This was accompanied by inhibition of the upstream signaling molecules, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R)-associated factor (TRAF6), mitogen-activated protein kinase 38 (p38 MAPK), and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) in the melittin group. Moreover, treatment with melittin resulted in marked decrease in colonic level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) together with the enzymes involved in its synthesis, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Additionally, melittin has attenuated acetic acid-induced oxidative stress as manifested by the significant diminishment in malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Therefore, melittin mitigated UC pathogenesis and could be considered as a potent and promising therapeutic alternative for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omaima A Ahmedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sherehan M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba H Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt; College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa A Kandil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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