1
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Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Balancing Act between Stemness, EMT Features and DNA Damage Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040997. [PMID: 35205744 PMCID: PMC8869884 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) traverse vessels to travel from the primary tumor to distant organs where they adhere, transmigrate, and seed metastases. To cope with these challenges, CTCs have reached maximal flexibility to change their differentiation status, morphology, migratory capacity, and their responses to genotoxic stress caused by metabolic changes, hormones, the inflammatory environment, or cytostatic treatment. A significant percentage of breast cancer cells are defective in homologous recombination repair and other mechanisms that protect the integrity of the replication fork. To prevent cell death caused by broken forks, alternative, mutagenic repair, and bypass pathways are engaged but these increase genomic instability. CTCs, arising from such breast tumors, are endowed with an even larger toolbox of escape mechanisms that can be switched on and off at different stages during their journey according to the stress stimulus. Accumulating evidence suggests that DNA damage responses, DNA repair, and replication are integral parts of a regulatory network orchestrating the plasticity of stemness features and transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states in CTCs. This review summarizes the published information on these regulatory circuits of relevance for the design of biomarkers reflecting CTC functions in real-time to monitor therapeutic responses and detect evolving chemoresistance mechanisms.
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2
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Kim M, Kim YB. A network-based pharmacology study of active compounds and targets of Fritillaria thunbergii against influenza. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 89:107375. [PMID: 32980746 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal and pandemic influenza infections are serious threats to public health and the global economy. Since antigenic drift reduces the effectiveness of conventional therapies against the virus, herbal medicine has been proposed as an alternative. Fritillaria thunbergii (FT) have been traditionally used to treat airway inflammatory diseases such as coughs, bronchitis, pneumonia, and fever-based illnesses. Herein, we used a network pharmacology-based strategy to predict potential compounds from Fritillaria thunbergii (FT), target genes, and cellular pathways to better combat influenza and influenza-associated diseases. We identified five compounds, and 47 target genes using a compound-target network (C-T). Two compounds (beta-sitosterol and pelargonidin) and nine target genes (BCL2, CASP3, HSP90AA1, ICAM1, JUN, NOS2, PPARG, PTGS1, PTGS2) were identified using a compound-influenza disease target network (C-D). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and we identified eight proteins from nine target genes formed a network. The compound-disease-pathway network (C-D-P) revealed three classes of pathways linked to influenza: cancer, viral diseases, and inflammation. Taken together, our systems biology data from C-T, C-D, PPI and C-D-P networks predicted potent compounds from FT and new therapeutic targets and pathways involved in influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Kim M, Park KH, Kim YB. Identifying Active Compounds and Targets of Fritillariae thunbergii against Influenza-Associated Inflammation by Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173853. [PMID: 32854331 PMCID: PMC7504253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Complications due to influenza are often associated with inflammation with excessive release of cytokines. The bulbs of Fritillariae thunbergii (FT) have been traditionally used to control airway inflammatory diseases, such as bronchitis and pneumonia. To elucidate active compounds, the targets, and underlying mechanisms of FT for the treatment of influenza-induced inflammation, systems biology was employed. Active compounds of FT were identified through the TCMSP database according to oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL) criteria. Other pharmacokinetic parameters, Caco-2 permeability (Caco-2), and drug half-life (HL) were also identified. Biological targets of FT were retrieved from DrugBank and STITCH databases, and target genes associated with influenza, lung, and spleen inflammation were collected from DisGeNET and NCBI databases. Compound-disease-target (C-D-T) networks were constructed and merged using Cytoscape. Target genes retrieved from the C-D-T network were further analyzed with GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis. In our network, GO and KEGG results yielded two compounds (beta-sitosterol (BS) and pelargonidin (PG)), targets (PTGS1 (COX-1) and PTGS2 (COX-2)), and pathways (nitric oxide, TNF) were involved in the inhibitory effects of FT on influenza-associated inflammation. We retrieved the binding affinity of each ligand-target, and found that PG and COX-1 showed the strongest binding affinity among four binding results using a molecular docking method. We identified the potential compounds and targets of FT against influenza and suggest that FT is an immunomodulatory therapy for influenza-associated inflammation.
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4
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Wang X, Tan C, Ye M, Wang X, Weng W, Zhang M, Ni S, Wang L, Huang D, Huang Z, Xu M, Sheng W. Development and validation of a DNA repair gene signature for prognosis prediction in Colon Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:5918-5928. [PMID: 32922534 PMCID: PMC7477412 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of DNA repair genes (DRGs) can be related to tumor progression and clinical outcomes in colon cancer. Here, we aimed to establish a DRGs signature to identify the vital prognostic DRGs in colon cancer. Firstly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to demonstrate the association between abnormal expression level of DRGs and tumorigenesis. Then, a total of 476 DRGs were obtained for detecting candidate biomarkers in randomly selected 295 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colon cancer cohort. Eleven genes were screened by LASSO Cox regression analyses to develop the prognostic model. Then, the prognostic model and the expression levels of the eleven genes were validated using the internal validation dataset (the rest 125 cases in TCGA cohort) and an external validation dataset (obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus dataset). Further analysis revealed the independent prognostic capacity of the prognostic model in relation to other clinical characteristics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the good performance of the prognostic model. Furthermore, we provided a nomogram for interpreting the clinical application of the 11-DRG signature. In conclusion, we propose a newly developed 11-DRG signature as a practical prognostic predictor for patients with colon cancer, which can facilitate the individualized counselling and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cong Tan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Weng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shujuan Ni
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Midie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiqi Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Basbous J, Aze A, Chaloin L, Lebdy R, Hodroj D, Ribeyre C, Larroque M, Shepard C, Kim B, Pruvost A, Moreaux J, Maiorano D, Mechali M, Constantinou A. Dihydropyrimidinase protects from DNA replication stress caused by cytotoxic metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:1886-1904. [PMID: 31853544 PMCID: PMC7038975 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance in the level of the pyrimidine degradation products dihydrouracil and dihydrothymine is associated with cellular transformation and cancer progression. Dihydropyrimidines are degraded by dihydropyrimidinase (DHP), a zinc metalloenzyme that is upregulated in solid tumors but not in the corresponding normal tissues. How dihydropyrimidine metabolites affect cellular phenotypes remains elusive. Here we show that the accumulation of dihydropyrimidines induces the formation of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) and causes DNA replication and transcriptional stress. We used Xenopus egg extracts to recapitulate DNA replication invitro. We found that dihydropyrimidines interfere directly with the replication of both plasmid and chromosomal DNA. Furthermore, we show that the plant flavonoid dihydromyricetin inhibits human DHP activity. Cellular exposure to dihydromyricetin triggered DPCs-dependent DNA replication stress in cancer cells. This study defines dihydropyrimidines as potentially cytotoxic metabolites that may offer an opportunity for therapeutic-targeting of DHP activity in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Basbous
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Antoine Aze
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Chaloin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Rana Lebdy
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Dana Hodroj
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), 31037 Toulouse Cedex 1, France
| | - Cyril Ribeyre
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marion Larroque
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM),34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Caitlin Shepard
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Baek Kim
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Alain Pruvost
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Plateforme SMArt-MS, CEA, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Domenico Maiorano
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Marcel Mechali
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Angelos Constantinou
- Institute of Human Genetics (IGH), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34396 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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6
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He M, Zhou Z, Wu G, Chen Q, Wan Y. Emerging role of DUBs in tumor metastasis and apoptosis: Therapeutic implication. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:96-107. [PMID: 28279784 PMCID: PMC5565705 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Malfunction of ubiquitin-proteasome system is tightly linked to tumor formation and tumor metastasis. Targeting the ubiquitin-pathway provides a new strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Despite the parts played by ubiquitin modifiers, removal of ubiquitin from the functional proteins by the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) plays an important role in governing the multiple steps of the metastatic cascade, including local invasion, dissemination, and eventual colonization of the tumor to distant organs. Both deregulated ubiquitination and deubiquitination could lead to dysregulation of various critical events and pathways such as apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recent TCGA study has further revealed the connection between mutations of DUBs and various types of tumors. In addition, emerging drug design targeting DUBs provides a new strategy for anti-cancer therapy. In this review, we will summarize the role of deubiquitination and highlight the recent discoveries of DUBs with regards to multiple metastatic events including anti-apoptosis pathway and EMT. We will further discuss the regulation of deubiquitination as a novel strategy for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing He
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
| | - Zhuan Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - George Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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7
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Differential gene expression profiles according to the Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society histopathological classification in lung adenocarcinoma subtypes. Hum Pathol 2017; 66:188-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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8
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Mozzi A, Forni D, Cagliani R, Pozzoli U, Clerici M, Sironi M. Distinct selective forces and Neanderthal introgression shaped genetic diversity at genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6116. [PMID: 28733602 PMCID: PMC5522412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to high intelligence, humans evolved specialized social-cognitive skills, which are specifically affected in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Genes affected in ASD represent suitable candidates to study the evolution of human social cognition. We performed an evolutionary analysis on 68 genes associated to neurodevelopmental disorders; our data indicate that genetic diversity was shaped by distinct selective forces, including natural selection and introgression from archaic hominins. We discuss the possibility that segregation distortion during spermatogenesis accounts for a subset of ASD mutations. Finally, we detected modern-human-specific alleles in DYRK1A and TCF4. These variants are located within regions that display chromatin features typical of transcriptional enhancers in several brain areas, strongly suggesting a regulatory role. These SNPs thus represent candidates for association with neurodevelopmental disorders, and await experimental validation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mozzi
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842, Bosisio Parini, Italy.
| | - Diego Forni
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Rachele Cagliani
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Uberto Pozzoli
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20090, Milan, Italy.,Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, 20100, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Sironi
- Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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9
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Zeng SX, Cai QC, Guo CH, Zhi LQ, Dai X, Zhang DF, Ma W. High expression of TRIM29 (ATDC) contributes to poor prognosis and tumor metastasis by inducing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1645-1654. [PMID: 28731167 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of TRIM29 overexpression with cancer progression and poor clinical prognosis has been reported in the context of several types of cancers. In the present study, we investigated the prognostic relevance of TRIM29 and its involvement in the progression of human osteosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a major role of TRIM29 in osteosarcoma. Our results showed that the expression of TRIM29 in osteosarcoma tissues was much higher than that in normal bone tissues. Furthermore, TRIM29 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size, recurrence, metastasis and overall survival time. High expression of TRIM29 and presence of metastasis were independent predictors of poor prognosis in these patients. Both protein and mRNA expression of TRIM29 in osteosarcoma cell lines were significantly higher than those in osteoblast cell line, hFOB1.19. Moreover, the results indicated that TRIM29 promoted migration and invasive growth of osteosarcoma cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Therefore, ectopic expression of TRIM29 potentially contributes to metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. In summary, TRIM29 is a potential prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Xiang Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Chun Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Hua Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiang Zhi
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P.R. China
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Dang-Feng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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10
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Dazhi W, Mengxi Z, Fufeng C, Meixing Y. Elevated expression of thyroid hormone receptor-interacting protein 13 drives tumorigenesis and affects clinical outcome. Biomark Med 2017; 11:19-31. [PMID: 27827544 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the expression of TRIP13 in multiple tumors and to evaluate the relationship between TRIP13 and survival of cancer patients. Materials & methods: Sample expression profiles were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database. Correlation between TRIP13 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed by χ2 test. Patient survival was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Results: TRIP13 expression was upregulated in 12 cancer types; it significantly correlated with multiple clinicopathological features of breast, liver and lung cancer. High TRIP13 expression indicated poor prognosis of patients with breast, liver, gastric and lung cancer. Conclusion: TRIP13 is highly expressed in multiple tumors and may be used as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Dazhi
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266071, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhang Mengxi
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266071, China
| | - Chen Fufeng
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Meixing
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No. 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266071, China
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11
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Park SY, Korm S, Chung HJ, Choi SJ, Jang JJ, Cho S, Lim YT, Kim H, Lee JY. RAP80 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition related with metastasis and malignancy of cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:267-73. [PMID: 26748910 PMCID: PMC4814264 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been closely related with invasive and metastatic properties of cancer. Recently, the convergence of DNA damage response and EMT in cancer development has received a great amount of scientific attention. Here, we showed that EMT is induced by the downregulation of RAP80, a well‐known regulator for DNA damage response. The knockdown of RAP80 leads to EMT‐like morphological changes and the increase of tumor sphere formation in non‐adhesive culture. Mechanistically, RAP80 controls a reciprocal regulatory axis of ZEB1 (for EMT activation) and miR200c (for EMT inhibition). The downregulation of RAP80 increases ZEB1 protein and decreases miR200c expression to activate EMT signaling in the form of drastic inhibitions of E‐cadherin, p16 and p21 expression. Using in vivo metastasis analysis, RAP80 knockdown cells are shown to dramatically metastasize into the lung and generate more malignant phenotype compared to controls. Interestingly, the expression level of RAP80 was positively correlated with the survival rate in lung adenocarcinoma and breast cancer patients. These findings indicate that RAP80 is a critical gatekeeper in impeding EMT‐induced metastasis and malignant phenotypes of cancer as well as preserving DNA integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yi Park
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sovannarith Korm
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Su Jin Choi
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Jang
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunhee Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hongtae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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