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Miura Y, Ohkubo H, Nakano A, Bourke JE, Kanazawa S. Pathophysiological conditions induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection reduce ACE2 expression in the lung. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028613. [PMID: 36405683 PMCID: PMC9673245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a variety of physiological responses in the lung, and understanding how the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and its proteolytic activator, transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), are affected in patients with underlying disease such as interstitial pneumonia will be important in considering COVID-19 progression. We examined the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in an induced usual interstitial pneumonia (iUIP) mouse model and patients with IPF as well as the changes in whole-lung ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression under physiological conditions caused by viral infection. Histopathological and biochemical characteristics were analyzed using human specimens from patients with IPF and precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from iUIP mouse model showing UIP with honeycombing and severe fibrosis after non-specific interstitial pneumonia. ACE2 expression decreased with acute lung inflammation and increased in the abnormal lung epithelium of the iUIP mouse model. ACE2 is also expressed in metaplastic epithelial cells. Poly(I:C), interferons, and cytokines associated with fibrosis decreased ACE2 expression in PCLS in the iUIP model. Hypoxia also decreases ACE2 via HIF1α in PCLS. Antifibrotic agent, nintedanib attenuates ACE2 expression in invasive epithelial cells. Patients with IPF are at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the high expression of ACE2. However, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression is decreased by immune intermediaries, including interferons and cytokines that are associated with viral infection and upon administration of antifibrotic agents, suggesting that most of the viral infection-induced pathophysiological responses aid the development of resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Miura
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ohkubo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jane E. Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VA, Australia
| | - Satoshi Kanazawa
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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2
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Yao Y, Gu L, Zuo Z, Wang D, Zhou T, Xu X, Yang L, Huang X, Wang L. Necroptosis-related lncRNAs: Combination of bulk and single-cell sequencing reveals immune landscape alteration and a novel prognosis stratification approach in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1010976. [PMID: 36605426 PMCID: PMC9808398 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1010976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, which is recently recognized as a form of programmed cell death, plays a critical role in cancer biology, including tumorigenesis and cancer immunology. It was recognized not only to defend against tumor progression by suppressing adaptive immune responses but also to promote tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis after recruiting inflammatory responses. Thus the crucial role of necrosis in tumorigenesis has attracted increasing attention. Due to the heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the prognosis and the response to immunotherapy vary distinctly across patients, underscoring the need for a stratification algorithm for clinical practice. Although previous studies have formulated the crucial role of lncRNAs in tumorigenicity, the relationship between necroptosis-related lncRNAs, TIME, and the prognosis of patients with LUAD was still elusive. In the current study, a robust and novel prognostic stratification model based on Necroptosis-related LncRNA Risk Scoring (NecroLRS) and clinicopathological parameters was constructed and systemically validated in both internal and external validation cohorts. The expression profile of four key lncRNAs was further validated by qRT-PCR in 4 human LUAD cell lines. And a novel immune landscape alteration was observed between NecroLRS-High and -Low patients. To further elucidate the mechanism of necroptosis in the prognosis of LUAD from a single-cell perspective, a novel stratification algorithm based on K-means clustering was introduced to extract both malignant and NecroLRS-High subsets from epithelial cells. And the necroptosis-related immune infiltration landscape and developmental trajectory were investigated respectively. Critically, NecroLRS was found to be positively correlated with neutrophil enrichment, inflammatory immune response, and malignant phenotypes of LUAD. In addition, novel ligand-receptor pairs between NecroLRS-High cells and other immunocytes were investigated and optimal therapeutic compounds were screened to provide potential targets for future studies. Taken together, our findings reveal emerging mechanisms of necroptosis-induced immune microenvironment alteration on the deteriorative prognosis and may contribute to improved prognosis and individualized precision therapy for patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lehe Yang
- *Correspondence: Lehe Yang, ; Xiaoying Huang, ; Liangxing Wang,
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- *Correspondence: Lehe Yang, ; Xiaoying Huang, ; Liangxing Wang,
| | - Liangxing Wang
- *Correspondence: Lehe Yang, ; Xiaoying Huang, ; Liangxing Wang,
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Miura Y, Lam M, Bourke JE, Kanazawa S. Bimodal fibrosis in a novel mouse model of bleomycin-induced usual interstitial pneumonia. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101059. [PMID: 34728556 PMCID: PMC8572746 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is pathologically represented by usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). Conventional bleomycin models used to study pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis display transient inflammation and fibrosis, so their relevance to UIP is limited. We developed a novel chronic induced-UIP (iUIP) model, inducing fibrosis in D1CC×D1BC transgenic mice by intra-tracheal instillation of bleomycin mixed with microbubbles followed by sonoporation (BMS). A bimodal fibrotic lung disease was observed over 14 wk, with an acute phase similar to nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), followed by partial remission and a chronic fibrotic phase with honeycombing similar to UIP. In this secondary phase, we observed poor vascularization despite elevated PDGFRβ expression. γ2PF- and MMP7-positive epithelial cells, consistent with an invasive phenotype, were predominantly adjacent to fibrotic areas. Most invasive cells were Scgb1a1 and/or Krt5 positive. This iUIP mouse model displays key features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and has identified potential mechanisms contributing to the onset of NSIP and progression to UIP. The model will provide a useful tool for the assessment of therapeutic interventions to oppose acute and chronic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Miura
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maggie Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Satoshi Kanazawa
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Miyazaki K, Togo S, Okamoto R, Idiris A, Kumagai H, Miyagi Y. Collective cancer cell invasion in contact with fibroblasts through integrin-α5β1/fibronectin interaction in collagen matrix. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4381-4392. [PMID: 32979884 PMCID: PMC7734169 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of cancer cells with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) plays critical roles in tumor progression. Recently we proposed a new tumor invasion mechanism in which invasive cancer cells individually migrate on elongate protrusions of CAFs (CAF fibers) in 3-D collagen matrix. In this mechanism, cancer cells interact with fibronectin fibrils assembled on CAFs mainly through integrin-α5β1. Here we tested whether this mechanism is applicable to the collective invasion of cancer cells, using two E-cadherin-expressing adenocarcinoma cell lines, DLD-1 (colon) and MCF-7 (breast). When hybrid spheroids of DLD-1 cells with CAFs were embedded into collagen gel, DLD-1 cells collectively but very slowly migrated through the collagen matrix in contact with CAFs. Epidermal growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-α promoted the collective invasion, possibly by reducing the E-cadherin junction, as did the transforming growth factor-β inhibitor SB431542 by stimulating the outgrowth of CAFs. Transforming growth factor-β itself inhibited the cancer cell invasion. Efficient collective invasion of DLD-1 cells required large CAF fibers or their assembly as stable adhesion substrates. Experiments with function-blocking Abs and siRNAs confirmed that DLD-1 cells adhered to fibronectin fibrils on CAFs mainly through integrin-α5β1. Anti-E-cadherin Ab promoted the single cell invasion of DLD-1 cells by dissociating the E-cadherin junction. Although the binding affinity of MCF-7 cells to CAFs was lower than DLD-1, they also collectively invaded the collagen matrix in a similar fashion to DLD-1 cells. Our results suggest that the direct interaction with CAFs, as well as environmental cytokines, contributes to the collective invasion of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Miyazaki
- Molecular Pathology DivisionKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Shinsaku Togo
- Division of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Reiko Okamoto
- Bio Science DivisionMaterial Integration LaboratoriesYokohamaJapan
- Present address:
Developing and Planning DivisionTechnology Development General DivisionElectronics CompanyAGC Inc.YokohamaJapan
| | - Alimjan Idiris
- Bio Science DivisionMaterial Integration LaboratoriesYokohamaJapan
| | | | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology DivisionKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
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Siljamäki E, Rappu P, Riihilä P, Nissinen L, Kähäri VM, Heino J. H-Ras activation and fibroblast-induced TGF-β signaling promote laminin-332 accumulation and invasion in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Matrix Biol 2020; 87:26-47. [PMID: 31655292 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common metastatic skin cancer, with increasing incidence worldwide. The molecular basis of cSCC progression to invasive and metastatic disease is still incompletely understood. Here, we show that fibroblasts and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling promote laminin-332 synthesis in cancer cells in an activated H-Ras-dependent manner, which in turn promotes cancer cell invasion. Immunohistochemical analysis of sporadic UV-induced invasive human cSCCs (n = 208) revealed prominent cSCC cell specific immunostaining for laminin-332 γ2 chain, located in the majority of cases (90%, n = 173) in the invasive edge of the tumors. To mimic the progression of cSCC we established 3D spheroid cocultures using primary skin fibroblasts and HaCaT/ras-HaCaT human keratinocytes. Our results indicate that in 3D spheroids, unlike in monolayer cultures, TGF-β upregulates laminin-332 production, but only in cells that harbour oncogenic H-Ras. Accumulation of laminin-332 was prevented by both H-Ras knock down and inhibition of TGF-β signaling by SB431542 or RAdKD-ALK5 kinase-defective adenovirus. Furthermore, fibroblasts accelerated the invasion of ras-HaCaT cells through collagen I gels in a Ras/TGF-β signaling dependent manner. In conclusion, we demonstrate the presence of laminin-332 in the invasive front of cSCC tumors and report a new Ras/TGF-β-dependent mechanism that promotes laminin-332 accumulation and cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Siljamäki
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pekka Rappu
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pilvi Riihilä
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Jyrki Heino
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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Rousselle P, Scoazec JY. Laminin 332 in cancer: When the extracellular matrix turns signals from cell anchorage to cell movement. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:149-165. [PMID: 31639412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laminin 332 is crucial in the biology of epithelia. This large extracellular matrix protein consists of the heterotrimeric assembly of three subunits - α3, β3, and γ2 - and its multifunctionality relies on a number of extracellular proteolytic processing events. Laminin 332 is central to normal epithelium homeostasis by sustaining cell adhesion, polarity, proliferation, and differentiation. It also supports a major function in epithelial tissue formation, repair, and regeneration by buttressing cell migration and survival and basement membrane assembly. Interest in this protein increased after the discovery that its expression is perturbed in tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the established involvement of the laminin 332 γ2 chain in tumor invasiveness and discusses the role of its α3 and β3 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS - Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, F-69367, France.
| | - Jean Yves Scoazec
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France; Université Paris Sud, Faculté de Médecine de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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7
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Götte M, Kovalszky I. Extracellular matrix functions in lung cancer. Matrix Biol 2018; 73:105-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Miyazaki K, Oyanagi J, Sugino A, Sato H, Yokose T, Nakayama H, Miyagi Y. Highly sensitive detection of invasive lung cancer cells by novel antibody against amino-terminal domain of laminin γ2 chain. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1909-1918. [PMID: 27685891 PMCID: PMC5198959 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The laminin γ2 chain, a subunit of laminin-332 (α3β3γ2), is a molecular marker for invasive cancer cells, but its pathological roles in tumor progression remain to be clarified. It was recently found that the most N-terminal, domain V (dV) of γ2 chain has activities to bind CD44 and stimulate tumor cell migration and vascular permeability. In the present study, we prepared a mAb recognizing γ2 dV. Immunoblotting with this antibody, for the first time, showed that proteolytic fragments containing dV in a range of 15-80 kDa were highly produced in various human cancer cell lines and lung cancer tissues. In immunohistochemistry of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, this antibody immunostained the cytoplasm of invasive tumor cells and adjacent stroma much more strongly than a widely used antibody recognizing the C-terminal core part of the processed γ2 chain. This suggests that the dV fragments are highly accumulated in tumor cells and stroma compared to the processed γ2 protein. The strong tumor cell staining with the dV antibody correlated with the tumor malignancy grade. We also found that the laminin β3 and α3 chains were frequently overexpressed in tumor cells and tumor stroma, respectively. The cytoplasmic dV detection was especially prominent in tumor cells infiltrating stroma, but low in the cells surrounded by basement membranes, suggesting that the active tumor-stroma interaction is critical for the aberrant γ2 expression. The present study suggests important roles of laminin γ2 N-terminal fragments in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Miyazaki
- Division of Cell BiologyKihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City UniversityYokohamaJapan
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics DivisionKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
| | - Jun Oyanagi
- Department of PathologyKanagawa Cancer Center HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Atsuko Sugino
- Division of Cell BiologyKihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Division of Cell BiologyKihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of PathologyKanagawa Cancer Center HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Haruhiko Nakayama
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryKanagawa Cancer Center HospitalYokohamaJapan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Molecular Pathology and Genetics DivisionKanagawa Cancer Center Research InstituteYokohamaJapan
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