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BMP-9 Modulates the Hepatic Responses to LPS. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030617. [PMID: 32143367 PMCID: PMC7140468 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It was previously shown that Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-9 is constitutively produced and secreted by hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Upon acute liver damage, BMP-9 expression is transiently down-regulated and blocking BMP-9 under conditions of chronic damage ameliorated liver fibrogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. Thereby, BMP-9 acted as a pro-fibrogenic cytokine in the liver but without directly activating isolated HSC in vitro. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin derived from the membrane of Gram-negative bacteria in the gut, is known to be essential in the pathogenesis of diverse kinds of liver diseases. The aim of the present project was therefore to investigate how high levels of BMP-9 in the context of LPS signalling might result in enhanced liver damage. For this purpose, we stimulated human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) with LPS and incubated primary human liver myofibroblasts (MF) with the conditioned medium of these cells. We found that LPS led to the secretion of factors from LSEC that upregulate BMP-9 expression in MF. At least one of these BMP-9 enhancing factors was defined to be IL-6. High BMP-9 in turn, especially in combination with LPS stimulation, induced the expression of certain capillarization markers in LSEC and enhanced the LPS-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in primary human macrophages. In LSEC, pre-treatment with BMP-9 reduced the LPS-mediated activation of the NfkB pathway, whereas in macrophages, LPS partially inhibited the BMP-9/Smad-1 signaling cascade. In vivo, in mice, BMP-9 led to the enhanced presence of F4/80-positive cells in the liver and it modulated the LPS-mediated regulation of inflammatory mediators. In summary, our data point to BMP-9 being a complex and highly dynamic modulator of hepatic responses to LPS: Initial effects of LPS on LSEC led to the upregulation of BMP-9 in MF but sustained high levels of BMP-9 in turn promote pro-inflammatory reactions of macrophages. Thereby, the spatial and timely fine-tuned presence (or absence) of BMP-9 is needed for efficient wound-healing responses in the liver.
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Yang Y, Yu H, Yang C, Zhang Y, Ai X, Wang X, Lu K, Yi B. Krüppel-like factor 6 mediates pulmonary angiogenesis in rat experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome and is aggravated by bone morphogenetic protein 9. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.040121. [PMID: 31189661 PMCID: PMC6602319 DOI: 10.1242/bio.040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary vascular disease derived from chronic liver disease, and its key pathogenesis is angiogenesis. Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) mediates physiological repair and remodeling during vascular injury. However, the role of KLF6 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) during angiogenesis of HPS and its underlying mechanism in HPS have not been investigated. Common bile duct ligation (CBDL) in rats can replicate pulmonary vascular abnormalities of human HPS. Here, we found that advanced pulmonary angiogenesis and pulmonary injury score coincided with the increase of KLF6 level in PMVECs of CBDL rat; KLF6 in PMVECs was also induced while cultured with CBDL rat serum in vitro. Inhibition of KLF6 dramatically suppressed PMVEC-mediated proliferation, migration and tube formation in vivo; this may be related to the downregulation of activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK1) and endoglin (ENG), which are transacted by KLF6. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) enhanced the expression of KLF6 in PMVECs and was involved in the angiogenesis of HPS. These results suggest that KLF6 triggers PMVEC-mediated angiogenesis of HPS and is aggravated by BMP9, and the inhibition of the BMP9/KLF6 axis may be an effective strategy for HPS treatment. Summary: Krüppel-like factor 6, which is triggered by pulmonary injury and promoted by bone morphogenetic protein 9, mediates pulmonary angiogenesis in rat experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome and then aggravates lung dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Yang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China.,Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000 China
| | - Hongfu Yu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Congwen Yang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China.,Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000 China
| | - Xiangfa Ai
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Kaizhi Lu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
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Ratajczak J, Vangansewinkel T, Gervois P, Merckx G, Hilkens P, Quirynen M, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Angiogenic Properties of 'Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin'. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14632. [PMID: 30279483 PMCID: PMC6168453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) is an autologous platelet concentrate, consisting of a fibrin matrix enriched with platelets, leukocytes and a plethora of cytokines and growth factors. Since L-PRF is produced bedside from whole blood without the use of an anti-coagulant, it is becoming a popular adjuvant in regenerative medicine. While other types of platelet concentrates have been described to stimulate blood vessel formation, little is known about the angiogenic capacities of L-PRF. Therefore, this study aimed to fully characterize the angiogenic potential of L-PRF. With an antibody array, the growth factors released by L-PRF were determined and high levels of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR-2) ligands and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were found. L-PRF induced in vitro key steps of the angiogenic process: endothelial proliferation, migration and tube formation. In addition, we could clearly demonstrate that L-PRF is able to induce blood vessel formation in vivo, the chorioallantoic membrane assay. In conclusion, we could demonstrate the angiogenic capacity of L-PRF both in vitro and in vivo, underlying the clinical potential of this easy-to-use platelet concentrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ratajczak
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim Vangansewinkel
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Pascal Gervois
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Greet Merckx
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Petra Hilkens
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marc Quirynen
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) & Periodontology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Liu X, Jiang Y, Wu J, Zhang W, Liang Y, Jia L, Yu J, Jeong LS, Li L. NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) induces NOXA-dependent apoptosis through up-regulation of ATF-4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:1-5. [PMID: 28450112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that MLN4924 can inhibit cell growth and metastasis in various kinds of cancer. We have reported that MLN4924 is able to inhibit angiogenesis through the induction of cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, Neddylation inhibition using MLN4924 triggered the accumulation of pro-apoptotic protein NOXA in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, the mechanism of MLN4924-induced NOXA up-regulation has not been addressed in HUVECs yet. In this study, we investigated how MLN4924 induced NOXA expression and cellular apoptosis in HUVECs treated with MLN4924 at indicated concentrations. MLN4924-induced apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI analysis and expression of genes associated with apoptosis was assessed by Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. As a result, MLN4924 triggered NOXA-dependent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in HUVECs. Mechanistically, inactivation of Neddylation pathway caused up-regulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), a substrate of Cullin-Ring E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRL). NOXA was subsequently transactivated by ATF-4 and further induced apoptosis. More importantly, knockdown of ATF-4 by siRNA significantly decreased NOXA expression and apoptotic induction in HUVECs. In summary, our study reveals a new mechanism underlying MLN4924-induced NOXA accumulation in HUVECs, which may help extend further study of MLN4924 for angiogenesis inhibition treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianfu Wu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yupei Liang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lijun Jia
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinha Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Pharmacy, South Korea
| | - L S Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Department of Pharmacy, South Korea.
| | - Lihui Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Akatsu Y, Yoshimatsu Y, Tomizawa T, Takahashi K, Katsura A, Miyazono K, Watabe T. Dual targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein-9/10 impairs tumor growth through inhibition of angiogenesis. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:151-155. [PMID: 28133920 PMCID: PMC5276835 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical development of anti‐angiogenic agents has been a major landmark in cancer therapy for several types of cancers. Signals mediated by both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐9 and 10 have been implicated in tumor angiogenesis. However, previous studies have shown that targeting the individual signals was not sufficiently effective in retarding tumor growth in certain preclinical and clinical conditions. In the present study, we developed a novel decoy chimeric receptor that traps both VEGF and BMP‐9/10. Single targeting of either VEGF or BMP‐9/10 signals significantly reduced the formation of tumor vessels in a mouse xenograft model of human pancreatic cancer; however, it did not show significant therapeutic effects on tumor growth. In contrast, dual targeting of the angiogenic signals resulted in more significant inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, leading to delay of tumor growth. Our findings suggest that simultaneous blockade of VEGF and BMP‐9/10 signals is a promising therapeutic strategy for the cancers that are resistant to anti‐VEGF and BMP‐9/10 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Akatsu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Oncology Team, Nanomedicine Group, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Research and Development Group, Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimatsu
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cellular Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishi Tomizawa
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Oncology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Katsura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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