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Tong Z, Yin Z. Distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin + cells. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00230-8. [PMID: 37648021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nestin is an intermediate filament first reported in neuroepithelial stem cells. Nestin expression could be found in a variety of tissues throughout all systems of the body, especially during tissue development and tissue regeneration processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aimed to summarize and discuss current studies on the distribution, contribution and regulation of nestin+ cells in different systems of the body, to discuss the feasibility ofusing nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and better understand the potential roles of nestin+ cells in tissue development, regeneration and pathological processes. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the potential of nestin as a marker of multilineage stem/progenitor cells, and as a key factor in tissue development and tissue regeneration. The article discussed the current findings, limitations, and potential clinical implications or applications of nestin+ cells. Additionally, it included the relationship of nestin+ cells to other cell populations. We propose potential future research directions to encourage further investigation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Tong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
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Wang Y, Liao G, Wu Y, Wang R, Tang DD. The intermediate filament protein nestin serves as a molecular hub for smooth muscle cytoskeletal signaling. Respir Res 2023; 24:157. [PMID: 37316833 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recruitment of the actin-regulatory proteins cortactin and profilin-1 (Pfn-1) to the membrane is important for the regulation of actin cytoskeletal reorganization and smooth muscle contraction. Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and the type III intermediate filament protein vimentin are involved in smooth muscle contraction. Regulation of complex cytoskeletal signaling is not entirely elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of nestin (a type VI intermediate filament protein) in cytoskeletal signaling in airway smooth muscle. METHODS Nestin expression in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) was knocked down by specific shRNA or siRNA. The effects of nestin knockdown (KD) on the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, and contraction were evaluated by cellular and physiological approaches. Moreover, we assessed the effects of non-phosphorylatable nestin mutant on these biological processes. RESULTS Nestin KD reduced the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, and HASM contraction without affecting MLC phosphorylation. Moreover, contractile stimulation enhanced nestin phosphorylation at Thr-315 and the interaction of nestin with Plk1. Nestin KD also diminished phosphorylation of Plk1 and vimentin. The expression of T315A nestin mutant (alanine substitution at Thr-315) reduced the recruitment of cortactin and Pfn-1, actin polymerization, and HASM contraction without affecting MLC phosphorylation. Furthermore, Plk1 KD diminished nestin phosphorylation at this residue. CONCLUSIONS Nestin is an essential macromolecule that regulates actin cytoskeletal signaling via Plk1 in smooth muscle. Plk1 and nestin form an activation loop during contractile stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinna Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Guoning Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yidi Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Ruping Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Dale D Tang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-8, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Yoshimura H, Moriya M, Yoshida A, Yamamoto M, Machida Y, Ochiai K, Michishita M, Nakagawa T, Matsuda Y, Takahashi K, Kamiya S, Ishiwata T. Involvement of Nestin in the Progression of Canine Mammary Carcinoma. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:994-1003. [PMID: 34056976 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211018656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nestin, a class VI intermediate filament protein, is known to be expressed in various types of human neoplasms, including breast cancer, and is associated with their progression. However, its expression and role in canine mammary tumors remain unknown. We analyzed nestin expression in canine mammary tumors using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. We also investigated its role in a canine mammary carcinoma cell line using RNA interference. Nestin expression was not observed in luminal epithelial cells of any of the 62 cases of benign mammary lesions examined, although myoepithelial cells showed its expression in most cases. In 16/50 (32%) primary mammary carcinomas and 6/15 (40%) metastases of mammary carcinomas, cytoplasmic nestin expression was detected in luminal epithelial cells. In luminal cells of primary mammary carcinomas, its expression was positively related to several pathological parameters that indicate high-grade malignancy, including histological grading (P < .01), vascular/lymphatic invasion (P < .01), Ki-67 index (P < .01), and metastasis (P < .05). Immunohistochemistry revealed that nestin expression was related to vimentin expression in mammary carcinomas (P < .01). This relationship was confirmed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction using 9 cell lines derived from canine mammary carcinoma (P < .01). Finally, nestin knockdown in canine mammary carcinoma cells using small interfering RNA inhibited cell proliferation and migration based on WST-8, Boyden chamber, and cell-tracking assays. These findings suggest that nestin may at least partially mediate these behaviors of canine mammary carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maiko Moriya
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Shinji Kamiya
- 12989Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
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Characterization of the metastatic potential of the floating cell component of MIA PaCa-2, a human pancreatic cancer cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:881-888. [PMID: 31806369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In pancreatic cancer, morphologically and functionally heterogeneous cancer cells reside within the same patient. The heterogeneity is believed to promote metastasis and resistance to chemoradiotherapy. MIA PaCa-2, an established human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell line, contains round and spindle-shaped adherent cells, as well as, round floating cells. In this study, we aimed to assess if the floating cells might have greater metastatic potential and/or be more resistant to drug-induced apoptosis compared to adherent cells. Time-lapse analysis revealed that the two types of adherent cells transformed bilaterally, and some of the adherent, round cells converted to floating cells. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy showed that approximately 90% of the floating cells were viable. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that floating cells expressed lower levels of integrins and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters than adherent cells. In contrast, except for vimentin, floating cells expressed more epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers than adherent cells. Floating cells included a larger population of G2/M-phase cells, and migration assays revealed a decreased migration ability by floating cells relative to adherent cells. A cell aggregation assay showed that the aggregative properties of the floating cells were lower than those of the adherent cells. In 3D culture, spheres derived from floating cells were more sensitive to anti-cancer drugs, including gemcitabine, 5-FU, and abraxane, than those derived from adherent cells. Expression levels of stemness markers in the spheres derived from floating cells were lower than those derived from adherent cells. Morphological characterization of human PDAC cell lines may help to clarify the series of alterations cancer cells undergo during the metastatic process and may contribute to the development of new PDAC diagnostics and more patient-specific treatments for those with PDAC.
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Matsuda Y, Tanaka M, Sawabe M, Mori S, Muramatsu M, Mieno MN, Ishiwata T, Arai T. The stem cell-specific intermediate filament nestin missense variation p.A1199P is associated with pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:4647-4654. [PMID: 30988821 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermediate filament nestin is upregulated in stem/progenitor cells and cancers, and regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. The present study comparatively analyzed serial autopsies of Japanese patients (n=2,206; males, 1,225; females, 981; median, 80.7 years old; range, 33-104 years old) with malignant tumors of whole organs, with respect to the clinical information, and 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the nestin gene. p.A1199P associated with pancreatic cancer (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-10.0, P=0.001) while it did not associate with malignant neoplasms in other organs. p.A1199P did not associate with precancerous lesions of the pancreas. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of nestin were not associated with sex, drinking, smoking, or body weight. In conclusion, the amino acid 1,199 of nestin is localized in the tail structure of the filament and polymerizes with other intermediate filament proteins. The present results suggest that missense variations of nestin affect pancreatic carcinogenesis in Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Genomics for Longevity and Health, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Motoji Sawabe
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Seijiro Mori
- Center for Promotion of Clinical Investigation, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Masaaki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Makiko Naka Mieno
- Department of Medical Informatics, Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Research Team for Geriatric Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Nowak A, Dziegiel P. Implications of nestin in breast cancer pathogenesis (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 53:477-487. [PMID: 29901100 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present review was to summarize the current knowledge of the involvement of nestin in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis. Nestin is a member of the class VI family of intermediate filament proteins, originally identified as a marker of neural stem cells and subsequently demonstrated to be expressed in BC and other cancer types. In normal breast tissue, nestin is expressed in the basal/myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland. In BC, nestin identifies basal-like tumours and predicts aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis. Nestin expression has also been detected in BC stem cells and newly-formed tumour vessels, being a factor in promoting invasion and metastasis. The present review provides an up-to-date overview of the involvement of nestin in processes facilitating BC pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nowak
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Akiyama M, Matsuda Y, Arai T, Saeki H. Clinicopathological characteristics of malignant melanomas of the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2675-2681. [PMID: 30013664 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the differences between gastrointestinal melanoma (GM) and skin melanoma (SM). The clinicopathological characteristics, the expression of melanoma stem cell markers nestin, sex determining region Y-box 2 and ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 5, and the presence of the BRAFV600E mutation were evaluated in 10 cases of GM and 31 cases of SM. Patients with GM had an increased mean age compared with those with SM (76 vs. 68 years). In addition, GMs were significantly more likely than SMs to be amelanotic (50 vs. 7%; P=0.001) and display round cells (70 vs. 23%; P=0.02). The mitosis rate was also significantly higher in GM compared with SM (P<0.05). The incidence of lymph-node metastasis (60 vs. 32%; P<0.05) and distant metastasis (10 vs. 6.5%, P=0.02) was significantly higher in GMs compared with SMs. The expression of stem cell markers did not differ significantly between groups, however, in the SM group advanced-stage disease was associated with a significantly higher expression of nestin than early-stage disease (P<0.05). Immunohistochemically, the expression of BRAFV600E was significantly lower in GMs compared with in SMs (1.0 vs. 3.3; P=0.01). These findings indicate that the identification of these features may aid in the diagnosis of GM and SM, as well as contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies against GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Saeki
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
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Bai C, Gao Y, Zhang X, Yang W, Guan W. Melatonin promotes self-renewal of nestin-positive pancreatic stem cells through activation of the MT2/ERK/SMAD/nestin axis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:62-74. [PMID: 29037070 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1389747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Although melatonin has been shown to exhibit a wide variety of biological functions, its effects on promotion of self-renewal in pancreatic stem cells remain unknown. In this study, we incubated murine pancreatic stem cells (PSCs) with various concentrations of melatonin (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 μM) to screen for the optimum culture medium for increasing cell proliferation. We found that 10 μM melatonin can significantly increase proliferation and enhance expression of a stem cell marker, nestin, in PSCs via melatonin receptor 2 (MT2). Thus, we used 10 μM melatonin to study the melatonin-mediated molecular mechanisms of cell proliferation in PSCs. We applied extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway inhibitor SCH772984 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway inhibitor SB431542, along with interfering RNAs siERK1, siERK2, siSmad2, siSmad3, siSmad4 and siNestin, to melatonin-treated PSCs to research the roles of these genes in self-renewal. The results revealed a novel molecular mechanism by which melatonin promotes self-renewal of PSCs: a chain reaction in the MT2/ERK/SMAD/nestin axis promoted the aforementioned self-renewal as well as inhibited differentiation. In addition, upregulation of nestin created a positive feedback loop in the regulation of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/SMADs pathway by promoting expression of Smad4. Conversely, knockdown of nestin significantly suppressed the proliferative effect in melatonin-treated PSCs. These are all novel mechanisms through which the ERK pathway cooperatively crosstalks with the SMAD pathway to regulate nestin expression, thereby enhancing self-renewal in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Bai
- a Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education , Institute of precision medicine , Jining , Shandong Province , P. R. China.,b Institute of Animal Sciences , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Gao
- b Institute of Animal Sciences , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China.,c College of Basic Medicine , Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- c College of Basic Medicine , Jining Medical University , Jining , Shandong Province , P. R. China
| | - Wancai Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education , Institute of precision medicine , Jining , Shandong Province , P. R. China.,d Department of Pathology , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Weijun Guan
- b Institute of Animal Sciences , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China
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Matsuda Y, Ishiwata T, Yoshimura H, Yamahatsu K, Minamoto T, Arai T. Nestin phosphorylation at threonines 315 and 1299 correlates with proliferation and metastasis of human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:354-361. [PMID: 28002641 PMCID: PMC5378226 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroepithelial stem cell marker nestin is a cytoskeletal protein that regulates cell proliferation, invasion, and stemness in various tumors, including pancreatic tumors. In the present study, we examined the expression and roles of phosphorylated nestin in pancreatic cancer cells. Nestin phosphorylation at threonines 315 (Thr315) and 1299 (Thr1299) was observed during mitosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. Nestin phosphorylation was positively correlated with a cell proliferation marker, MIB-1 expression in human pancreatic cancer samples. Transfection of MIA PaCa-2 cells with nestin mutated at Thr315 and/or Thr1299 (to suppress phosphorylation) resulted in lower proliferation rates than those in control groups. Transfecting MIA PaCa-2 cells with wild-type nestin or with nestin mutated at Thr315 increased migration and invasion. In contrast, transfection with nestin mutated at both phosphorylation sites (Thr315 and Thr1299) did not enhance cell migration or invasion. In an intra-splenic xenograft experiment using MIA PaCa-2 cells, tumors expressing the nestin double mutant formed fewer liver metastases than tumors expressing wild-type nestin. Nestin phosphorylation at these two sites was decreased upon treatment with inhibitors for cyclin dependent kinases, AKT, and Aurora in PANC-1 cells, which express a high baseline level of phosphorylated nestin. These findings suggest that phosphorylation of nestin at Thr315 and/or Thr1299 affects cell proliferation, and inhibition of both phosphorylation sites suppresses invasion and metastasis of human pancreatic cancer. Inhibiting nestin phosphorylation at these two sites may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsuda
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ishiwata
- Department of Aging and Carcinogenesis, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yoshimura
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamahatsu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinari Minamoto
- Divisions of Translational and Clinical Oncology and Surgical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University and Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomio Arai
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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