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Sao Emani C, Reiling N. The efflux pumps Rv1877 and Rv0191 play differential roles in the protection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against chemical stress. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359188. [PMID: 38516013 PMCID: PMC10956863 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It was previously shown that GlnA3sc enabled Streptomyces coelicolor to survive in excess polyamines. However, subsequent studies revealed that Rv1878, the corresponding Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) ortholog, was not essential for the detoxification of spermine (Spm), in M.tb. On the other hand, the multi-drug efflux pump Rv1877 was previously shown to enable export of a wide range of compounds, while Rv0191 was shown to be more specific to chloramphenicol. Rationale Therefore, we first wanted to determine if detoxification of Spm by efflux can be achieved by any efflux pump, or if that was dependent upon the function of the pump. Next, since Rv1878 was found not to be essential for the detoxification of Spm, we sought to follow-up on the investigation of the physiological role of Rv1878 along with Rv1877 and Rv0191. Approach To evaluate the specificity of efflux pumps in the mycobacterial tolerance to Spm, we generated unmarked ∆rv1877 and ∆rv0191 M.tb mutants and evaluated their susceptibility to Spm. To follow up on the investigation of any other physiological roles they may have, we characterized them along with the ∆rv1878 M.tb mutant. Results The ∆rv1877 mutant was sensitive to Spm stress, while the ∆rv0191 mutant was not. On the other hand, the ∆rv1878 mutant grew better than the wild-type during iron starvation yet was sensitive to cell wall stress. The proteins Rv1877 and Rv1878 seemed to play physiological roles during hypoxia and acidic stress. Lastly, the ∆rv0191 mutant was the only mutant that was sensitive to oxidative stress. Conclusion The multidrug MFS-type efflux pump Rv1877 is required for Spm detoxification, as opposed to Rv0191 which seems to play a more specific role. Moreover, Rv1878 seems to play a role in the regulation of iron homeostasis and the reconstitution of the cell wall of M.tb. On the other hand, the sensitivity of the ∆rv0191 mutant to oxidative stress, suggests that Rv0191 may be responsible for the transport of low molecular weight thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Sao Emani
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Norbert Reiling
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Borstel, Germany
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Sánchez-Barinas CD, Vergara-Vanegas V, Gamboa-Hernández CM, Ocampo M, Cuello-Oliveros A, Patarroyo MA, Patarroyo ME. Peptide-pulsed dendritic cells' immunomodulating effect regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth in macrophages. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152346. [PMID: 36805110 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the most successful pathogens affecting humans, being the main cause of tuberculosis. It accounts for most infectious agent-related deaths worldwide; it has been estimated that a third of the world's population are bacillus carriers. This pathogen's evolutionary adaptation is mainly due to its ability to block a host's immune system by preventing it using an effective immune response in cases of active tuberculosis. Peptide-based synthetic vaccines represent an alternative for counteracting tuberculosis; however, although peptide antigens can be identified, they are not recognised by a host's immune system. An approach using dendritic cells as immunomodulating agents for increasing synthetic peptides' antigenic capacity has thus been advanced. Dendritic cells obtained from IL to 4- and GM-CSF-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were pulsed with synthetic Mtb protein peptides which have been reported as participating in mycobacteria-host interactions; their amino acid sequences were modified to improve MHC-II coupling and thus increase their recognition by a host's immune system. pMHC-II/TCR interaction triggered a lymphocyte response which controlled Mtb intracellular growth in infected macrophages. This work has been aimed at contributing to understanding dendritic cells' role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein peptide antigen presentation, thereby increasing individuals' immune response as a means of controlling the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian D Sánchez-Barinas
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Marisol Ocampo
- Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Carrera 3 # 26A - 40, postcode: 110311, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Angela Cuello-Oliveros
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel A Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel E Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, postcode: 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
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3
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Paredes-González IS, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Ramos-Espinosa O, López-Torres MO, Maya-Hoyos M, Mendoza-Trujillo M, Barrera-Rosales A, Mata-Espinosa D, León-Contreras JC, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Espitia C, Hernández-Pando R. Effect of mycobacterial proteins that target mitochondria on the alveolar macrophages activation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Exp Lung Res 2022; 48:251-265. [PMID: 36102603 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2022.2120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of the study: During the early and progressive (late) stages of murine experimental pulmonary tuberculosis, the differential activation of macrophages contributes to disease development by controlling bacterial growth and immune regulation. Mycobacterial proteins P27 and PE_PGRS33 can target the mitochondria of macrophages. This study aims to evaluate the effect of both proteins on macrophage activation during mycobacterial infection. Materials and methods: We assess both proteins for mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and morphological changes, as well as bactericide activity, production of metabolites, cytokines, and activation markers in infected MQs. The cell line MH-S was used for all the experiments. Results: We show that P27 and PE_PGRS33 proteins modified mitochondrial dynamics, oxygen consumption, bacilli growth, cytokine production, and some genes that contribute to macrophage alternative activation and mycobacterial intracellular survival. Conclusions: Our findings showed that these bacterial proteins partially contribute to promoting M2 differentiation by altering mitochondrial metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Selene Paredes-González
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Ramos-Espinosa
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Othoniel López-Torres
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Milena Maya-Hoyos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Monserrat Mendoza-Trujillo
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Barrera-Rosales
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dulce Mata-Espinosa
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clara Espitia
- Departamento de Inmunología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- División de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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High-resolution crystal structure of LpqH, an immunomodulatory surface lipoprotein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals a distinct fold and a conserved cleft on its surface. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:494-503. [PMID: 35504420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is predominantly a disease of the lungs acquired by inhaling mycobacteria from infected individuals via airborne droplets. In order to facilitate their entry into the alveolar macrophages, mycobacteria have a collection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on their surface that are known to detect certain pattern recognition receptors present on the surface of host cells. A major group of these PAMPs includes mycobacterial lipoproteins, of which, the 19 kDa surface antigen LpqH, has been reported to play a critical role in both host-pathogen interactions as well as pleiotropic immune regulation. Despite its crucial involvement in tuberculosis, the detailed structure-function relationship of this protein remains to be explored. Here, we report the high-resolution crystal structure of the non-acylated LpqH (LpqH48-159) at a resolution of 1.26 Å, which adopts a unique fold. Flow cytometry-based experiments show that the protein can bind and induce apoptosis in PMA-activated human monocytic cell line THP-1, indicative of the preservation of functionality of the protein. Furthermore, analysis of conservation of LpqH sequences from Mycobacterium species reveals a patch of conserved residues on the surface which may play a role in its binding partner recognition and hence in host-pathogen interaction.
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Sui J, Qiao W, Xiang X, Luo Y. Epigenetic Changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its Host Provide Potential Targets or Biomarkers for Drug Discovery and Clinical Diagnosis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Gong W, Pan C, Cheng P, Wang J, Zhao G, Wu X. Peptide-Based Vaccines for Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830497. [PMID: 35173740 PMCID: PMC8841753 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global TB mortality rate in 2020 is rising, making TB prevention and control more challenging. Vaccination has been considered the best approach to reduce the TB burden. Unfortunately, BCG, the only TB vaccine currently approved for use, offers some protection against childhood TB but is less effective in adults. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new TB vaccines that are more effective than BCG. Accumulating data indicated that peptides or epitopes play essential roles in bridging innate and adaptive immunity and triggering adaptive immunity. Furthermore, innovations in bioinformatics, immunoinformatics, synthetic technologies, new materials, and transgenic animal models have put wings on the research of peptide-based vaccines for TB. Hence, this review seeks to give an overview of current tools that can be used to design a peptide-based vaccine, the research status of peptide-based vaccines for TB, protein-based bacterial vaccine delivery systems, and animal models for the peptide-based vaccines. These explorations will provide approaches and strategies for developing safer and more effective peptide-based vaccines and contribute to achieving the WHO’s End TB Strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Gong
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xueqiong Wu, ; Guangyu Zhao,
| | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xueqiong Wu, ; Guangyu Zhao,
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7
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Abekura F, Park J, Lim H, Kim H, Choi H, Lee M, Kim C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
glycolipoprotein LprG inhibits inflammation through NF‐κB signaling of ERK1/2 and JNK in LPS‐induced murine macrophage cells. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:772-781. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fukushi Abekura
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
| | - Hakseong Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
| | - Hee‐Do Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
| | - Moon‐Jo Lee
- Department of Herb Science Dong‐Eui Institute of Technology Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorl‐Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences SungKyunKwan University Suwon Kyunggi‐Do Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Medical Center Seoul South Korea
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8
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv0292 Protein Peptides Could be Included in a Synthetic Anti-tuberculosis Vaccine. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Targeted RNA-Seq Reveals the M. tuberculosis Transcriptome from an In Vivo Infection Model. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090848. [PMID: 34571725 PMCID: PMC8467220 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary High-throughput sequencing techniques such as RNA-seq allow a more detailed characterization of the gene expression profile during in vivo infections. However, using this strategy for intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) entails technical limitations. Some authors have resorted to flow cytometers to separate infected cells or significantly increase sequencing depth to obtain pathogens’ gene expression. However, these options carry additional expenses in specialized equipment. We propose an experimental protocol based on differential cell lysis and a probe-based ribosomal depletion to determine the gene expression of Mtb and its host during in vivo infection. This method allowed us to increase the number of observed expressed genes from 13 using a traditional RNA-seq approach to 702. In addition, we observed the expression of genes essential for establishing the infection, codifying proteins such as PE-PGRS, lipoproteins lppN and LpqH, and three ncRNAs (small RNA MTS2823, transfer-messenger RNA RF00023, and ribozyme RF00010). We believe our method represents a valuable alternative to current RNA-seq approaches to study host–pathogen interactions and will help explore host–pathogen mechanisms in tuberculosis and other similar models of intracellular infections. Abstract The study of host-pathogen interactions using in vivo models with intracellular pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) entails technical limitations, such as: (i) Selecting an efficient differential lysis system to enrich the pathogen cells; (ii) obtaining sufficient high-quality RNA; and (iii) achieving an efficient rRNA depletion. Thus, some authors had used flow cytometers to separate infected cells or significantly increase the sequencing depth of host–pathogen RNA libraries to observe the pathogens’ gene expression. However, these options carry additional expenses in specialized equipment typically not available for all laboratories. Here, we propose an experimental protocol involving differential cell lysis and a probe-based ribosomal depletion to determine the gene expression of Mtb and its host during in vivo infection. This method increased the number of observed pathogen-expressed genes from 13 using the traditional RNA-seq approach to 702. After eliminating rRNA reads, we observed that 61.59% of Mtb sequences represented 702 genes, while 38.41% represented intergenic regions. Some of the most expressed genes codified for IS1081 (Rv2512c) transposase and eight PE-PGRS members, such as PGRS49 and PGRS50. As expected, a critical percent of the expressed genes codified for secreted proteins essential for infection, such as PE68, lppN, and LpqH. Moreover, three Mtb ncRNAs were highly expressed (small RNA MTS2823, transfer-messenger RNA RF00023, and ribozyme RF00010). Many of the host-expressed genes were related to the inflammation process and the expression of surfactant proteins such as the Sftpa and Sftpc, known to bind Mtb to alveolar macrophages and mi638, a microRNA with no previous associations with pulmonary diseases. The main objective of this study is to present the method, and a general catalog of the Mtb expressed genes at one point of the in vivo infection. We believe our method represents a different approach to the existing ones to study host–pathogen interactions in tuberculosis and other similar intracellular infections, without the necessity of specialized equipment.
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Carabali-Isajar ML, Ocampo M, Varela Y, Díaz-Arévalo D, Patarroyo MA, Patarroyo ME. Antibodies targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis peptides inhibit mycobacterial entry to infection target cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:712-720. [PMID: 32522539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The humoral immunity regarding tuberculosis can contribute towards controlling the mycobacteria and the disease. Antigens mediating such type of immunity should thus be evaluated for formulating anti-tuberculosis vaccines. The antigen recognition of seven peptides derived from proteins on Mtb H37Rv envelope and a further seven peptides modified from them was evaluated in sera taken from people suffering Mtb infection and others free from it. Peptide sequences' ability to inhibit Mtb entry to human macrophages was determined in vitro and, after isolating peptide-specific IgG antibodies, it was ascertained which ones were exercising such inhibitory function. Aotus were inoculated with the modified peptides for evaluating the activity of the antibodies so produced. Human QTF+ and QTF- sera recognised some of the peptides and inhibited Mtb entry. The same effect was seen with peptide-specific IgG regarding all the native sequences and modified ones. Sera taken from inoculated Aotus was also able to reduce the pathogen's entry. The data showed that some peptides evaluated in this study could induce antibodies able to inhibit the pathogen's entry to human macrophages, i.e. they could represent candidates for part of an anti-tuberculosis vaccine. The methodology used here complements the evaluation of promising antigens for designing effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L Carabali-Isajar
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol Ocampo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Carrera 3 # 26A - 40, 11021 Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Yahson Varela
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Díaz-Arévalo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel A Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel E Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26-20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, 11001 Bogotá, Colombia
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Sánchez-Barinas CD, Ocampo M, Tabares L, Bermúdez M, Patarroyo MA, Patarroyo ME. Specific Binding Peptides from Rv3632: A Strategy for Blocking Mycobacterium tuberculosis Entry to Target Cells? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8680935. [PMID: 31111070 PMCID: PMC6487176 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8680935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb, i.e., the aetiological agent); the WHO has established this disease as high priority due to its ensuing mortality. Mtb uses a range of mechanisms for preventing its elimination by an infected host; new, viable alternatives for blocking the host-pathogen interaction are thus sought constantly. This article updates our laboratory's systematic search for antigens using bioinformatics tools to clarify the Mtb H37Rv Rv3632 protein's topology and location. This article reports a C-terminal region consisting of peptides 39255 and 39256 (81Thr-Arg114) having high specific binding regarding two infection-related cell lines (A549 and U937); they inhibited mycobacterial entry to U937 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Rv3632 forms part of the mycobacterial cell envelope, formed by six linear synthetic peptides. Circular dichroism enabled determining the protein's secondary structure. It was also found that peptide 39254 (61Gly-Thr83) was a HABP for alveolar epithelial cells and inhibited mycobacteria entry to these cells regardless of concentration. Sera from active or latent tuberculosis patients did not recognise HABPs 39254 and 39256. These sequences represent a promising approach aiming at their ongoing modification and for including them when designing a multi-epitope, anti-tuberculosis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian David Sánchez-Barinas
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol Ocampo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luisa Tabares
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Maritza Bermúdez
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63C-69, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50 No. 26–20, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, 11001 Bogotá, Colombia
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Ample glycosylation in membrane and cell envelope proteins may explain the phenotypic diversity and virulence in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2927. [PMID: 30814666 PMCID: PMC6393673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple regulatory mechanisms including post-translational modifications (PTMs) confer complexity to the simpler genomes and proteomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). PTMs such as glycosylation play a significant role in Mtb adaptive processes. The glycoproteomic patterns of clinical isolates of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) representing the lineages 3, 4, 5 and 7 were characterized by mass spectrometry. A total of 2944 glycosylation events were discovered in 1325 proteins. This data set represents the highest number of glycosylated proteins identified in Mtb to date. O-glycosylation constituted 83% of the events identified, while 17% of the sites were N-glycosylated. This is the first report on N-linked protein glycosylation in Mtb and in Gram-positive bacteria. Collectively, the bulk of Mtb glycoproteins are involved in cell envelope biosynthesis, fatty acid and lipid metabolism, two-component systems, and pathogen-host interaction that are either surface exposed or located in the cell wall. Quantitative glycoproteomic analysis revealed that 101 sites on 67 proteins involved in Mtb fitness and survival were differentially glycosylated between the four lineages, among which 64% were cell envelope and membrane proteins. The differential glycosylation pattern may contribute to phenotypic variabilities across Mtb lineages. The study identified several clinically important membrane-associated glycolipoproteins that are relevant for diagnostics as well as for drug and vaccine discovery.
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Rodriguez DC, Ocampo M, Salazar LM, Patarroyo MA. Quantifying intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An essential issue for in vitro assays. Microbiologyopen 2018; 7:e00588. [PMID: 29484835 PMCID: PMC5911991 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies about intracellular microorganisms which are important regarding diseases affecting public health have been focused on the recognition of host–pathogen interactions, thereby ascertaining the mechanisms by which the pathogen invades a cell and makes it become its host. Such knowledge enables understanding the immunological response triggered by these interactions for obtaining useful information for developing vaccines and drugs. Quantitative cell infection assay protocols are indispensable regarding studies involving Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which takes the lives of more than 2 million people worldwide every year; however, sometimes these are limited by the pathogen's slow growth. Concerning such limitation, a detailed review is presented here regarding the different methods for quantifying and differentiating an intracellular pathogen, the importance of mycobacteria aggregate dissociation and multiplicity of infection (MOI) in infection assays. The methods’ differences, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed regarding intra and extracellular bacteria (on cell surface) differentiation, current problems are outlined, as are the solutions provided using fluorophores and projections made concerning quantitative infection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deisy Carolina Rodriguez
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol Ocampo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia.,Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia.,Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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14
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Rodríguez DC, Ocampo M, Reyes C, Arévalo‐Pinzón G, Munoz M, Patarroyo MA, Patarroyo ME. Cell‐Peptide Specific Interaction Can Inhibit
Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Infection. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:946-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deisy Carolina Rodríguez
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Marisol Ocampo
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Cesar Reyes
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Gabriela Arévalo‐Pinzón
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Marina Munoz
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad del RosarioBogotáColombia
| | - Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
- Fundacion Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC)BogotáColombia
- Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia
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15
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Huo T, Liu W, Guo Y, Yang C, Lin J, Rao Z. Prediction of host - pathogen protein interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Homo sapiens using sequence motifs. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:100. [PMID: 25887594 PMCID: PMC4456996 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergence of multiple drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis (MDR-TB) threatens to derail global efforts aimed at reigning in the pathogen. Co-infections of M. tuberculosis with HIV are difficult to treat. To counter these new challenges, it is essential to study the interactions between M. tuberculosis and the host to learn how these bacteria cause disease. Results We report a systematic flow to predict the host pathogen interactions (HPIs) between M. tuberculosis and Homo sapiens based on sequence motifs. First, protein sequences were used as initial input for identifying the HPIs by ‘interolog’ method. HPIs were further filtered by prediction of domain-domain interactions (DDIs). Functional annotations of protein and publicly available experimental results were applied to filter the remaining HPIs. Using such a strategy, 118 pairs of HPIs were identified, which involve 43 proteins from M. tuberculosis and 48 proteins from Homo sapiens. A biological interaction network between M. tuberculosis and Homo sapiens was then constructed using the predicted inter- and intra-species interactions based on the 118 pairs of HPIs. Finally, a web accessible database named PATH (Protein interactions of M. tuberculosis and Human) was constructed to store these predicted interactions and proteins. Conclusions This interaction network will facilitate the research on host-pathogen protein-protein interactions, and may throw light on how M. tuberculosis interacts with its host. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0535-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Jianping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Zihe Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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