1
|
Wu H, Eckhardt CM, Baccarelli AA. Molecular mechanisms of environmental exposures and human disease. Nat Rev Genet 2023; 24:332-344. [PMID: 36717624 PMCID: PMC10562207 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-022-00569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A substantial proportion of disease risk for common complex disorders is attributable to environmental exposures and pollutants. An appreciation of how environmental pollutants act on our cells to produce deleterious health effects has led to advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and respiratory diseases. Here, we discuss emerging research on the interplay of environmental pollutants with the human genome and epigenome. We review evidence showing the environmental impact on gene expression through epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNAs. We also highlight recent studies that evaluate recently discovered molecular processes through which the environment can exert its effects, including extracellular vesicles, the epitranscriptome and the mitochondrial genome. Finally, we discuss current challenges when studying the exposome - the cumulative measure of environmental influences over the lifespan - and its integration into future environmental health research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina M Eckhardt
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues de Souza I, Savio de Araujo-Souza P, Morais Leme D. Genetic variants affecting chemical mediated skin immunotoxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:43-95. [PMID: 34979876 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.2013372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The skin is an immune-competent organ and this function may be impaired by exposure to chemicals, which may ultimately result in immune-mediated dermal disorders. Interindividual variability to chemical-induced skin immune reactions is associated with intrinsic individual characteristics and their genomes. In the last 30-40 years, several genes influencing susceptibility to skin immune reactions were identified. The aim of this review is to provide information regarding common genetic variations affecting skin immunotoxicity. The polymorphisms selected for this review are related to xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (CYPA1 and CYPB1 genes), antioxidant defense (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes), aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway (AHR and ARNT genes), skin barrier function transepidermal water loss (FLG, CASP14, and SPINK5 genes), inflammation (TNF, IL10, IL6, IL18, IL31, and TSLP genes), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and neuroendocrine system peptides (CALCA, TRPV1, ACE genes). These genes present variants associated with skin immune responses and diseases, as well as variants associated with protecting skin immune homeostasis following chemical exposure. The molecular and association studies focusing on these genetic variants may elucidate their functional consequences and contribution in the susceptibility to skin immunotoxicity. Providing information on how genetic variations affect the skin immune system may reduce uncertainties in estimating chemical hazards/risks for human health in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
van de Wetering C, Elko E, Berg M, Schiffers CHJ, Stylianidis V, van den Berge M, Nawijn MC, Wouters EFM, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Reynaert NL. Glutathione S-transferases and their implications in the lung diseases asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early life susceptibility? Redox Biol 2021; 43:101995. [PMID: 33979767 PMCID: PMC8131726 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our lungs are exposed daily to airborne pollutants, particulate matter, pathogens as well as lung allergens and irritants. Exposure to these substances can lead to inflammatory responses and may induce endogenous oxidant production, which can cause chronic inflammation, tissue damage and remodeling. Notably, the development of asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is linked to the aforementioned irritants. Some inhaled foreign chemical compounds are rapidly absorbed and processed by phase I and II enzyme systems critical in the detoxification of xenobiotics including the glutathione-conjugating enzymes Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs, and in particular genetic variants of GSTs that alter their activities, have been found to be implicated in the susceptibility to and progression of these lung diseases. Beyond their roles in phase II metabolism, evidence suggests that GSTs are also important mediators of normal lung growth. Therefore, the contribution of GSTs to the development of lung diseases in adults may already start in utero, and continues through infancy, childhood, and adult life. GSTs are also known to scavenge oxidants and affect signaling pathways by protein-protein interaction. Moreover, GSTs regulate reversible oxidative post-translational modifications of proteins, known as protein S-glutathionylation. Therefore, GSTs display an array of functions that impact the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. In this review we will provide an overview of the specific functions of each class of mammalian cytosolic GSTs. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of their expression profiles in the lung in healthy subjects, as well as alterations that have been described in (epithelial cells of) asthmatics and COPD patients. Particular emphasis is placed on the emerging evidence of the regulatory properties of GSTs beyond detoxification and their contribution to (un)healthy lungs throughout life. By providing a more thorough understanding, tailored therapeutic strategies can be designed to affect specific functions of particular GSTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Evan Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marijn Berg
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar H J Schiffers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Vasili Stylianidis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mukhammadiyeva GF, Bakirov AB, Karimov DO, Ziatdinova MM, Valova YV, Borisova AI, Distanova AA. Analysis of the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism association with the development of asthma and phenotypic manifestations. J Asthma 2021; 59:1065-1069. [PMID: 33781157 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1910295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of asthma and its related phenotypes is most likely due to the polymorphism of the so-called modifier genes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the polymorphic locus rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene association with risk factors for developing asthma and its phenotypic manifestations. METHODS This case-control study involved 164 patients with confirmed asthma diagnosis and 147 age- and sex-matched controls. Patients were divided into two groups: with (n = 121) and without complications (n = 43). Among asthmatic patients, 34 manifested hypersensitivity to household allergens. The GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism was genotyped using the technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS There were no differences between patients and controls in allelic or genotype frequencies of polymorphic locus rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene. However, the frequency of the A/A genotype in the patient group with complications was significantly lower than that in complication-free patients (p = 0.040), while the frequency of the G allele was higher in patients with complications (p = 0.030). The frequency of the A/A genotype was decreased in the patient group with an allergic reaction to household allergens in comparison with controls (p = 0.037). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the carriage of the A/A genotype of polymorphic locus rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene is a protective factor in the development of complications and an allergic reaction to house allergens among asthmatics, while the carriage of the G allele is associated with an increased risk for asthma complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guzel F Mukhammadiyeva
- Department of Toxicology and Genetics, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Akhat B Bakirov
- Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Denis O Karimov
- Department of Toxicology and Genetics, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Munira M Ziatdinova
- Department of Toxicology and Genetics, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Yana V Valova
- Department of Toxicology and Genetics, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alla I Borisova
- Department of Occupational Allergology and Immunorehabilitation, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| | - Albina A Distanova
- Department of Occupational Allergology and Immunorehabilitation, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leppilahti J, Majuri ML, Sorsa T, Hirvonen A, Piirilä P. Associations Between Glutathione-S-Transferase Genotypes and Bronchial Hyperreactivity Patients With Di-isocyanate Induced Asthma. A Follow-Up Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:220. [PMID: 31649932 PMCID: PMC6794415 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Di-isocyanates TDI (toluene di-isocyanate), MDI (diphenylmethane di-isocyanate), and HDI (hexamethylene di-isocyanate) are the most common chemicals causing occupational asthma. Di-isocyanate inhalation has been reported to induce oxidative stress via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leading to tissue injury. Glutathione transferases (GSTs) and N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are detoxifying enzymes whose general function is to inactivate electrophilic substances. The most important genes regulating these enzymes, i.e., GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, NAT1, and NAT2 have polymorphic variants resulting in enhanced or lowered enzyme activities. Since inability to detoxify harmful oxidants can lead to inflammatory processes involving activation of bronchoconstrictive mechanisms, we studied whether the altered GST and NAT genotypes were associated with bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in patients with di-isocyanate exposure related occupational asthma, irrespective of cessation of di-isocyanate exposure, and adequacy of asthma treatment. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods were used to analyze nine common polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTP1, GSTT1, NAT1, and NAT2 genes in 108 patients with diagnosed occupational di-isocyanate-induced asthma. The genotype data were compared with spirometric lung function and BHR status at diagnosis and in the follow-up examination on average 11 years (range 1–22 years) after the asthma diagnosis. Serum IgE and IL13 levels were also assessed in the follow-up phase. Results: An association between BHR and GSTP1 slow activity (Val105/Val105) genotype was demonstrated in the subjects at the follow-up phase but not at the diagnosis phase. Moreover, the patients with the GSTP1 slow activity genotype exhibited characteristics of Th-2 type immune response more often compared to those with the unaltered GSTP1 gene. Interestingly, all 10 patients with the GSTP1 slow activity genotype had both the GSTM3 slow activity genotype and the unaltered GSTT1 gene. Discussion: The results suggest associations of the low activity variants of the GSTP1 gene with BHR. The fact that these associations came up only at the follow-up phase when the subjects were not any more exposed to di-isocyanates, and used asthma medication, suggest that medication and environmental factors influence the presentation of these associations. However, due to the exploratory character of the study and relatively small study size, the findings remain to be confirmed in future studies with larger sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Leppilahti
- Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja-Leena Majuri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ari Hirvonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.,National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health, Valvira, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Piirilä
- Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kuzniewicz MW, Niki H, Walsh EM, McCulloch CE, Newman TB. Hyperbilirubinemia, Phototherapy, and Childhood Asthma. Pediatrics 2018; 142:peds.2018-0662. [PMID: 30209075 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to quantify the associations of both hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy with childhood asthma using a population-based cohort with total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of infants born at ≥35 weeks' gestation in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health system (n = 109 212) from 2010 to 2014. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for a diagnosis of asthma. RESULTS In the study, 16.7% of infants had a maximum TSB level of ≥15 mg/dL, 4.5% of infants had a maximum TSB level of ≥18 mg/dL, and 11.5% of infants received phototherapy. Compared with children with a maximum TSB level of 3 to 5.9 mg/L, children with a TSB level of 9 to 11.9 mg/dL, 12 to 14.9 mg/dL, and 15 to 17.9 mg/dL were at an increased risk for asthma (HR: 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.3], HR: 1.18 [95% CI: 1.08-1.29], and HR: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.18-1.43], respectively). Children with a TSB level of ≥18 mg/dL were not at an increased risk for asthma (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.90-1.20). In propensity-adjusted analyses, phototherapy was not associated with asthma (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.96-1.20). CONCLUSIONS Modest levels of hyperbilirubinemia were associated with an increased risk of asthma, but an association was not seen at higher levels. No dose-response relationship was seen. Using phototherapy to prevent infants from reaching these modest TSB levels is unlikely to be protective against asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Kuzniewicz
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California; and .,Departments of Pediatrics and
| | - Hamid Niki
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California; and
| | - Eileen M Walsh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California; and
| | - Charles E McCulloch
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas B Newman
- Departments of Pediatrics and.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
García-Martín E, Sánchez-Gómez FJ, Amo G, García Menaya J, Cordobés C, Ayuso P, Plaza Serón MC, Blanca M, Campo P, Esguevillas G, Pajares MA, G Agúndez JA, Pérez-Sala D. Asthma and allergic rhinitis associate with the rs2229542 variant that induces a p.Lys90Glu mutation and compromises AKR1B1 protein levels. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1081-1091. [PMID: 29726087 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Asthma and rhinitis are two of the main clinical manifestations of allergy, in which increased reactive oxygen or electrophilic species can play a pathogenic role. Aldose reductase (AKR1B1) is involved in aldehyde detoxification and redox balance. Recent evidence from animal models points to a role of AKR1B1 in asthma and rhinitis, but its involvement in human allergy has not been addressed. Here, the putative association of allergic rhinitis and asthma with AKR1B1 variants has been explored by analysis of single-strand variants on the AKR1B1 gene sequence in 526 healthy subjects and 515 patients with allergic rhinitis, 366 of whom also had asthma. We found that the rs2229542 variant, introducing the p.Lys90Glu mutation, was significantly more frequent in allergic patients than in healthy subjects. Additionally, in cells transfected with expression vectors carrying the wild-type or the p.Lys90Glu variant of AKR1B1, the mutant consistently attained lower protein levels than the wild-type and showed a compromised thermal stability. Taken together, our results show that the rs2229542 variant associates with asthma and rhinitis, and hampers AKR1B1 protein levels and stability. This unveils a connection between the genetic variability of aldose reductase and allergic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Amo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | | - Pedro Ayuso
- Allergy Unit, IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Blanca
- Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Campo
- Allergy Unit, IBIMA-Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gara Esguevillas
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María A Pajares
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - José A G Agúndez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dai X, Bowatte G, Lowe AJ, Matheson MC, Gurrin LC, Burgess JA, Dharmage SC, Lodge CJ. Do Glutathione S-Transferase Genes Modify the Link between Indoor Air Pollution and Asthma, Allergies, and Lung Function? A Systematic Review. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018; 18:20. [PMID: 29557517 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes are involved in oxidative stress management and may modify the impact of indoor air pollution. We aimed to assess the influence of GST genes on the relationship between indoor air pollution and allergy/lung function. RECENT FINDINGS Our systematic review identified 22 eligible studies, with 15 supporting a gene-environment interaction. Carriers of GSTM1/T1 null and GSTP1 val genotypes were more susceptible to indoor air pollution exposures, having a higher risk of asthma and lung function deficits. However, findings differed in terms of risk alleles and specific exposures. High-exposure heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. We found evidence that respiratory effects of indoor air pollution depend on the individual's GST profile. This may help explain the inconsistent associations found when gene-environment interactions are not considered. Future studies should aim to improve the accuracy of pollution assessment and investigate this finding in different populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melanie C Matheson
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Lyle C Gurrin
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - John A Burgess
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia.,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 3 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, 3010, Australia. .,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu LY, Ni ZH, Luo XM, Wang XB. Advance of antioxidants in asthma treatment. World J Respirol 2017; 7:17-28. [DOI: 10.5320/wjr.v7.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an allergic disease, characterized as a recurrent airflow limitation, airway hyperreactivity, and chronic inflammation, involving a variety of cells and cytokines. Reactive oxygen species have been proven to play an important role in asthma. The pathogenesis of oxidative stress in asthma involves an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant systems that is caused by environment pollutants or endogenous reactive oxygen species from inflammation cells. There is growing evidence that antioxidant treatments that include vitamins and food supplements have been shown to ameliorate this oxidative stress while improving the symptoms and decreasing the severity of asthma. In this review, we summarize recent studies that are related to the mechanisms and biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant treatments in asthma.
Collapse
|
10
|
Basharat Z, Yasmin A. Energy landscape of a GSTP1 polymorph linked with cytological function decay in response to chemical stressors. Gene 2017; 609:19-27. [PMID: 28153749 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gene polymorphisms lead to varied structure and functional properties. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) i.e. Ile105Val (rs1695) in glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene influences cytological toxicity and modulates the risk to occupational diseases. Apart from this, cancer, neuropathy, NOx, SOx and ozone mediated respiratory function decline including lung inflammation, asthma, allergy etc., have been reported in people with this missense mutation. Here, the functional properties of rs1695 polymorph are revisited through a computational approach. Changes incurred by GSTP1 antioxidant protein as a result of alteration in its sequence, have been studied through docking followed by Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatic equation interpretation, grid and coulombic energy profile mapping for protein polymorphs with DelPhi. Molecular docking simulation of variant and wild type (WT) protein was carried out with eight FDA approved compounds that target GSTP1 for treatment of various diseases. This was to observe binding pattern variation upon mutation induction. Grid, reaction field and coulombic energy calculation of WT and mutated polymorph, complexed with and without these moieties was then attempted. Alteration in conformation and energy was observed in apo- and holo- form of GSTP1 and their ligand-bound complexes as a result of this mutation. This study is a demo of appraising gene-environment interaction based deleteriousness through molecular docking and dynamics simulation approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zarrin Basharat
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan.
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology & Biotechnology Research Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sánchez-Gómez FJ, Díez-Dacal B, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG, Pajares MA, Pérez-Sala D. Detoxifying Enzymes at the Cross-Roads of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Drug Hypersensitivity: Role of Glutathione Transferase P1-1 and Aldose Reductase. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:237. [PMID: 27540362 PMCID: PMC4973429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase I and II enzymes are involved in the metabolism of endogenous reactive compounds as well as xenobiotics, including toxicants and drugs. Genotyping studies have established several drug metabolizing enzymes as markers for risk of drug hypersensitivity. However, other candidates are emerging that are involved in drug metabolism but also in the generation of danger or costimulatory signals. Enzymes such as aldo-keto reductases (AKR) and glutathione transferases (GST) metabolize prostaglandins and reactive aldehydes with proinflammatory activity, as well as drugs and/or their reactive metabolites. In addition, their metabolic activity can have important consequences for the cellular redox status, and impacts the inflammatory response as well as the balance of inflammatory mediators, which can modulate epigenetic factors and cooperate or interfere with drug-adduct formation. These enzymes are, in turn, targets for covalent modification and regulation by oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, and drugs. Therefore, they constitute a platform for a complex set of interactions involving drug metabolism, protein haptenation, modulation of the inflammatory response, and/or generation of danger signals with implications in drug hypersensitivity reactions. Moreover, increasing evidence supports their involvement in allergic processes. Here, we will focus on GSTP1-1 and aldose reductase (AKR1B1) and provide a perspective for their involvement in drug hypersensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Díez-Dacal
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José A G Agúndez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Extremadura Cáceres, Spain
| | - María A Pajares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), and Grupo de Hepatología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ) Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang X, Hirota JA, Yang C, Carlsten C. Effect of GST variants on lung function following diesel exhaust and allergen co-exposure in a controlled human crossover study. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:385-91. [PMID: 27151508 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) or allergen can cause decrements in lung function that are impacted by the presence of genetic variants in the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) family but the effect of GST interactions with DE-allergen co-exposure on lung function is unknown. We aimed to assess the impact of DE and allergen co-exposure on lung function and the influence of GSTM1 or GSTT1 variation METHODS We used a blinded crossover study design with 17 atopic subjects exposed to filtered air (FA; the control for DE) or DE for 2h. One hour following each exposure to DE or FA, bronchoscopy was performed to deliver a diluent-controlled segmental allergen challenge (SAC). Methacholine challenge and forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was performed pre-exposure (baseline airway responsiveness) and 24h post-exposure (effect of co-exposure). Additionally, FEV1 was performed hourly after DE/FA exposure and protein carbonyl content was measured in plasma as an oxidative stress marker. RESULTS Changes in FEV1 from baseline were dependent on time following allergen exposure. DE, as opposed to FA, led to a significant change in FEV1 at 2h post-allergen exposure in GSTT1 variants only (24.5±19.6% reduction in GSTT1 null individuals vs. 9.2±7.3% reduction in GSTT1 present individuals). Moreover, plasma protein carbonyl level 4h after co-exposure was higher in the individuals who have the GSTT1 null genotype. CONCLUSIONS This suggests a gene-environment interaction that endangers susceptible populations co-exposed to DE and allergen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jeremy A Hirota
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Center for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Disease, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Institute for Heart and Lung Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh A, Prasad KN, Singh AK, Singh SK, Gupta KK, Paliwal VK, Pandey CM, Gupta RK. Human Glutathione S-Transferase Enzyme Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association With Neurocysticercosis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2843-2851. [PMID: 27021019 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurocysticercosis (NCC), caused by cysticerci of Taenia solium is the most common helminthic infection of the central nervous system. Some individuals harboring different stages of cysticerci in the brain remain asymptomatic, while others with similar cysticerci lesions develop symptoms and the reasons remain largely unknown. Inflammatory response to antigens of dying parasite is said to be responsible for symptomatic disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated in inflammatory conditions can damage cellular macromolecules such as lipids, DNA, and proteins. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are critical for the protection of cells from ROS. A total of 250 individuals were included in the study: symptomatic NCC = 75, asymptomatic NCC = 75, and healthy controls = 100. The individuals carrying the deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were at risk for NCC (OR = 2.99, 95 %CI = 1.31-6.82, p = 0.0073 and OR = 1.94, 95 %CI = 0.98-3.82, p = 0.0550 respectively). Further, the individuals with these deletions were more likely to develop symptomatic disease (OR = 5.08, 95 % CI = 2.12-12.18, p = 0.0001 for GSTM1 and OR = 3.25, 95 %CI = 1.55-6.82, p = 0.0018 for GSTT1). Genetic variants of GSTM3 and GSTP1 were not associated with NCC. The total GST activity and levels of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTM3 were significantly higher in asymptomatic subjects than in symptomatic and healthy controls. Lower GST activity was observed in individuals with GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions. The present study suggests that the individuals with GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions are at higher risk to develop symptomatic disease. The higher GST activity and levels of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTM3 are likely to play role in maintaining asymptomatic condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Kashi N Prasad
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India.
| | - Aloukick K Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Satyendra K Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Kamlesh K Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Vimal K Paliwal
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Chandra M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| | - Rakesh K Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, U.P, 226014, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee SY, Kim BS, Kwon SO, Oh SY, Shin HL, Jung YH, Lee E, Yang SI, Kim HY, Seo JH, Kim HB, Kwon JW, Lee HR, Hong SJ. Modification of additive effect between vitamins and ETS on childhood asthma risk according to GSTP1 polymorphism: a cross -sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:125. [PMID: 26490046 PMCID: PMC4618939 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, and bronchial airways are particularly susceptible to oxidant-induced tissue damage. Objective To investigate the effect of dietary antioxidant intake and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on the risk of childhood asthma according to genotypes susceptible to airway diseases. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1124 elementary school children aged 7–12 years old. Asthma symptoms and smoking history were measured using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Intake of vitamin A (including retinol and β-carotene), C, and E was measured by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). GSTP1 polymorphisms were genotyped from peripheral blood samples. Results ETS was significantly associated with presence of asthma symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.48; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.29–4.76) and diagnosis (aOR, 1.91; 95 % CI, 1.19–3.06). Dietary antioxidant intake was not associated with asthma symptoms, although ETS plus low vitamin A intake showed a significant positive association with asthma diagnosis (aOR, 2.23; 95 % CI, 1.10–4.54). Children with AA at nucleotide 1695 in GSTP1 who had been exposed to ETS and a low vitamin A intake have an increased risk of asthma diagnosis (aOR, 4.44; 95 % CI,1.58–12.52) compared with children who had not been exposed to the two risk factors. However, ETS exposure and low vitamin A intake did not significantly increase odds of asthma diagnosis in children with AG or GG genotypes. Conclusion Low vitamin A intake and ETS exposure may increase oxidative stress and thereby risk for childhood asthma. These relationships may be modified by gene susceptibility alleles of GSTP1. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-015-0093-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 39, Gwanpyeong-ro 138 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-828, South Korea.
| | - Bong-Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea.
| | - Sung-Ok Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Se-Young Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hye Lim Shin
- Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Young-Ho Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Yatap-dong Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggido, 463-712, South Korea.
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea.
| | - Song-I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 39, Gwanpyeong-ro 138 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-828, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
| | - Ju-Hee Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ji-Won Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
| | - Hae-Ran Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 39, Gwanpyeong-ro 138 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggido, 431-828, South Korea.
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saadeh R, Klaunig J. Children's Inter-Individual Variability and Asthma Development. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2015; 9:456-467. [PMID: 26715926 PMCID: PMC4682601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Children of different ages vary in their response to environmental stressors due to their continuous development and changes in their bodies' anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry. Each age group of children has special biological features that distinguish their toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic characteristics from other age groups. The variability in responses extends to include children of the same age group. These intra- and inter-group differences in biological features explains the variability in responses to environmental exposures. Based on such differences in children's responses to exposures, adverse health outcomes and diseases develop differently in children. One of these diseases that are common in children is asthma. Asthma is a complex respiratory chronic disease that is multifactorial in origin. This paper discusses how variability in certain factors among children contributes to asthma occurrence or exacerbation, and links these factors to asthma in children of different ages. The importance of this review is to provide an insight on factors affecting asthma prevalence among children. These factors are usually overlooked in clinical or public health practice, which might significantly affect asthma management, and decrease the predictability of asthma detection measures. Therefore, keeping these factors into consideration can significantly improve asthma treatment and assist in asthma prevention amongst susceptible populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Saadeh
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - James Klaunig
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Blankestijn MA, Boyle RJ, Gore R, Hawrylowicz C, Jarvis D, Knulst AC, Wardlaw AJ. Developments in the field of allergy in 2013 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:1436-57. [PMID: 25346287 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2013 was another exciting year for allergy in general and Clinical and Experimental Allergy in particular. In the field of asthma and rhinitis, there continued to be a focus on heterogeneity and phenotypes with increasing use of biostatistical techniques to determine clusters of similar populations. Obesity- and aspirin-associated disease are intriguing associations with asthma which were explored in a number of papers. We published a number of excellent papers on mechanisms of airway inflammation and how this relates to physiology, pathology, genetics and biomarkers in both human and experimental model systems. In terms of mechanisms, there is less on individual cell types in allergic disease at the moment, but the immunology of allergic disease continued to fascinate our authors. Another area that was popular both in the mechanisms and in the epidemiology sections was early life events and how these lead to allergic disease, with an increasing focus on the role of the microbiome and how this influences immune tolerance. In the clinical allergy section, oral immunotherapy for food allergy is clearly a major topic of interest at the moment as was in vitro testing to distinguish between sensitization and allergic disease. There was less on inhalant allergy this year, but a good representation from the drug allergy community including some interesting work on non-IgE-mediated mechanisms. In the allergen section, important new allergens continue to be discovered, but the major focus as in the last couple of years was on working out how component-resolved approaches can improve diagnosis and management of food and venom allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Blankestijn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kuzniewicz MW, Wickremasinghe AC, Newman TB. Invited commentary: does neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cause asthma? Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:1698-701. [PMID: 24186968 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In an analysis of data from the US Collaborative Perinatal Project, Huang et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(12):1691-1697) report an association between neonatal total serum bilirubin levels and childhood asthma. To consider the implications of this finding, we need to evaluate whether the association is causal. The results do not appear to be due to chance or any obvious biases. It is likely that the observed association is the result of a common cause of both hyperbilirubinemia and asthma (confounding). Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase gene are a potential genetic confounder. The glutathione S-transferase M1-null phenotype has been linked to both neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and asthma in several studies. Before making any changes in practice aimed at lowering peak bilirubin levels to reduce asthma risk, it is vital to determine not only whether the association between higher bilirubin levels and asthma risk is causal, but also whether interventions to reduce peak bilirubin levels (or their duration) are associated with decreased risk of asthma (without evidence of other adverse effects). The study by Huang et al. should encourage further investigation of these questions.
Collapse
|