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Sek AC, Percopo CM, Boddapati AK, Ma M, Geslewitz WE, Krumholz JO, Lack JB, Rosenberg HF. Differential expression of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) in tissue eosinophils. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:679-691. [PMID: 33404075 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0920-620r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
No longer regarded simply as end-stage cytotoxic effectors, eosinophils are now recognized as complex cells with unique phenotypes that develop in response stimuli in the local microenvironment. In our previous study, we documented eosinophil infiltration in damaged muscle characteristic of dystrophin-deficient (mdx) mice that model Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Specifically, we found that eosinophils did not promote the generation of muscle lesions, as these persisted in eosinophil-deficient mdx.PHIL mice. To obtain additional insight into these findings, we performed RNA sequencing of eosinophils isolated from muscle tissue of mdx, IL5tg, and mdx.IL5tg mice. We observed profound up-regulation of classical effector proteins (major basic protein-1, eosinophil peroxidase, and eosinophil-associated ribonucleases) in eosinophils isolated from lesion-free muscle from IL5tg mice. By contrast, we observed significant up-regulation of tissue remodeling genes, including proteases, extracellular matrix components, collagen, and skeletal muscle precursors, as well as the immunomodulatory receptor, Trem2, in eosinophils isolated from skeletal muscle tissue from the dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. Although the anti-inflammatory properties of Trem2 have been described in the monocyte/macrophage lineage, no previous studies have documented its expression in eosinophils. We found that Trem2 was critical for full growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived eosinophil cultures and full expression of TLR4. Immunoreactive Trem2 was also detected on human peripheral blood eosinophils at levels that correlated with donor body mass index and total leukocyte count. Taken together, our findings provide important insight into the immunomodulatory and remodeling capacity of mouse eosinophils and the flexibility of their gene expression profiles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert C Sek
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Merck Research Laboratories, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
| | - Caroline M Percopo
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Twinbrook III, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20851, USA
| | - Arun K Boddapati
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, 21701, USA
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Michelle Ma
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Genetic Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Wendy E Geslewitz
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Driskill Graduate Program in the Life Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, 60611, USA
| | - Julia O Krumholz
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, USA
| | - Justin B Lack
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, 21701, USA
| | - Helene F Rosenberg
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
- Research Technologies Development Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
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Shen ZJ, Hu J, O’Neal MA, Malter JS. Pin1 Regulates IL-5 Induced Eosinophil Polarization and Migration. Cells 2021; 10:211. [PMID: 33494375 PMCID: PMC7910834 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils become polarized in response to cytokines such IL-5 or eotaxin prior to directional migration. Polarization is preceded by F-actin assembly, but the mechanisms that regulate these events and how the shape change influences cell migration from the peripheral blood into the lung remain unclear. In this study, we show that the prolyl isomerase, Pin1, is required for IL-5-induced Eos polarization and migration. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Pin1 directly interacts with members of Rho GTPase family. Mouse eosinophils lacking Pin1 or human cells treated with Pin1 inhibitors showed significantly reduced IL-5-induced GTPase activity and cofilin phosphorylation, resulting in reduced F-actin polymerization, cell polarization, and directional migration to chemokines. Our result suggests that Pin1 regulates cytoskeletal re-organization, eosinophil morphology, and cell migration through the modulation of Rho GTPase activity. Targeting Pin1 along with GTPases could provide a new approach to reduce pulmonary Eos accumulation during asthmatic exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.H.); (M.A.O.)
| | | | | | - James S. Malter
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (J.H.); (M.A.O.)
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Esnault S, Leet JP, Johansson MW, Barretto KT, Fichtinger PS, Fogerty FJ, Bernau K, Mathur SK, Mosher DF, Sandbo N, Jarjour NN. Eosinophil cytolysis on Immunoglobulin G is associated with microtubule formation and suppression of rho-associated protein kinase signalling. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 50:198-212. [PMID: 31750580 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of eosinophils in the airway is associated with asthma severity and risk of exacerbations. Cell-free eosinophil granules are found in tissues in eosinophilic diseases, including asthma. This suggests that eosinophils have lysed and released cellular content, likely harming tissues. OBJECTIVE The present study explores the mechanism of CD32- and αMß2 integrin-dependent eosinophil cytolysis of IL3-primed blood eosinophils seeded on heat-aggregated immunoglobulin G (HA-IgG). METHODS Cytoskeletal events and signalling pathways potentially involved in cytolysis were assessed using inhibitors. The level of activation of the identified events and pathways involved in cytolysis was measured. In addition, the links between these identified pathways and changes in degranulation (exocytosis) and adhesion were analysed. RESULTS Cytolysis of IL3-primed eosinophils was dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downstream phosphorylation of p-38 MAPK. In addition, formation of microtubule (MT) arrays was necessary for cytolysis and was accompanied by changes in MT dynamics as measured by phosphorylation status of stathmin and microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4), the latter of which was regulated by ROS production. Reduced ROCK signalling preceded cytolysis, which was associated with eosinophil adhesion and reduced migration. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this CD32- and αMß2 integrin-dependent adhesion model, lysing eosinophils exhibit reduced migration and ROCK signalling, as well as both MT dynamic changes and p-38 phosphorylation downstream of ROS production. We propose that interfering with these pathways would modulate eosinophil cytolysis and subsequent eosinophil-driven tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan P Leet
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mats W Johansson
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Karina T Barretto
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul S Fichtinger
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Frances J Fogerty
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ksenija Bernau
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sameer K Mathur
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Deane F Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nathan Sandbo
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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