Malignant melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma and Erdheim-Chester disease, associated with both BRAFV600E and mosaic Turner syndrome

Successful treatment of cutaneous-onset Erdheim-Chester disease with cobimetinib and anakinra

Erdheim–Chester disease is a rare multisystem non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We report the case of a patient with BRAF wildtype Erdheim–Chester disease presenting with facial nodular xanthomas and developing systemic involvement 10 years later. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of anakinra and cobimetinib.

Case Report: Solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a young adult with Turner syndrome with chronic thyroiditis

Turner syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing several neoplasms. In particular, a clinical feature of Turner syndrome with chronic thyroiditis implies a relationship with thyroid malignancies. We report a very rare case of a solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma that was identified during a follow-up of chronic thyroiditis in a 22-year-old woman with Turner syndrome. The patient had no notable history of radiation exposure. No genetic mutations relating to the occurrence of the solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, including RET/PTC rearrangements and mutations in the BRAF or RAS, were detected by a gene panel test, namely, the Oncomine™ Dx Target test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma in a young adult with Turner syndrome with chronic thyroiditis. Our case suggests that in patients with Turner syndrome, there may be different pathogeneses from those previously reported, including exposure to radiation or known genetic mutations for the development of a solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Turner Syndrome, Atypical Naevi and Multiple Melanoma: Coincidence or Causality?

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Is Melanoma Progression Affected by Thyroid Diseases?

Clinical and epidemiological evidence indicate a relationship between thyroid diseases and melanoma. In particular, the hypothyroidism condition appears to promote melanoma spread, which suggests a protective role of thyroid hormones against disease progression. In addition, experimental data suggest that, in addition to thyroid hormones, other hormonal players of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) axis, namely the thyrotropin releasing hormone and the thyrotropin, are likely to affect melanoma cells behavior. This information warrants further clinical and experimental studies in order to build a precise pattern of action of the HPT hormones on melanoma cells. An improved knowledge of the involved molecular mechanism(s) could lead to a better and possibly personalized clinical management of these patients.