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Preproinsulin Designer Antigens Excluded from Endoplasmic Reticulum Suppressed Diabetes Development in NOD Mice by DNA Vaccination. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 12:123-133. [PMID: 30623001 PMCID: PMC6319196 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA vaccines against autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) contain a nonpredictable risk to induce autoreactive T cell responses rather than a protective immunity. Little is known if (and how) antigen expression and processing requirements favor the induction of autoreactive or protective immune responses by DNA immunization. Here, we analyzed whether structural properties of preproinsulin (ppins) variants and/or subcellular targeting of ppins designer antigens influence the priming of effector CD8+ T cell responses by DNA immunization. Primarily, we used H-2b RIP-B7.1 tg mice, expressing the co-stimulator molecule B7.1 in beta cells, to identify antigens that induce or fail to induce autoreactive ppins-specific (Kb/A12-21 and/or Kb/B22-29) CD8+ T cell responses. Female NOD mice, expressing the diabetes-susceptible H-2g7 haplotype, were used to test ppins variants for their potential to suppress spontaneous diabetes development. We showed that ppins antigens excluded from expression in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) did not induce CD8+ T cells or autoimmune diabetes in RIP-B7.1 tg mice, but efficiently suppressed spontaneous diabetes development in NOD mice as well as ppins-induced CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in PD-L1−/− mice. The induction of a ppins-specific therapeutic immunity in mice has practical implications for the design of immune therapies against T1D in individuals expressing different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules.
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Bandoła J, Richter C, Ryser M, Jamal A, Ashton MP, von Bonin M, Kuhn M, Dorschner B, Alexopoulou D, Navratiel K, Roeder I, Dahl A, Hedrich CM, Bonifacio E, Brenner S, Thieme S. Neurotrophin Receptor p75NTR Regulates Immune Function of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:981. [PMID: 28861085 PMCID: PMC5562693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) regulate innate and adaptive immunity. Neurotrophins and their receptors control the function of neuronal tissue. In addition, they have been demonstrated to be part of the immune response but little is known about the effector immune cells involved. We report, for the first time, the expression and immune-regulatory function of the low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) by the antigen-presenting pDCs, mediated by toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 activation and differential phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 and 7. The modulation of p75NTR on pDCs significantly influences disease progression of asthma in an ovalbumin-induced mouse model mediated by the TLR9 signaling pathway. p75NTR activation of pDCs from patients with asthma increased allergen-specific T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in nerve growth factor concentration-dependent manner. Further, p75NTR activation of pDCs delayed the onset of autoimmune diabetes in RIP-CD80GP mice and aggravated graft-versus-host disease in a xenotransplantation model. Thus, p75NTR signaling on pDCs constitutes a new and critical mechanism connecting neurotrophin signaling and immune response regulation with great therapeutic potential for a variety of immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bandoła
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelia Richter
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ryser
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Imperial College of Business Studies, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Michelle P Ashton
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Medical Clinic I, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKTK-German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Dresden, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKFZ-German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kuhn
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Dimitra Alexopoulou
- BIOTEChnology Center/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Navratiel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingo Roeder
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- BIOTEChnology Center/DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ezio Bonifacio
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brenner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thieme
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Knight RR, Dolton G, Kronenberg-Versteeg D, Eichmann M, Zhao M, Huang GC, Beck K, Cole DK, Sewell AK, Skowera A, Peakman M. A distinct immunogenic region of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 is naturally processed and presented by human islet cells to cytotoxic CD8 T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 179:100-7. [PMID: 25112375 PMCID: PMC4260902 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 T cells specific for islet autoantigens are major effectors of β cell damage in type 1 diabetes, and measurement of their number and functional characteristics in blood represent potentially important disease biomarkers. CD8 T cell reactivity against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) in HLA-A*0201 subjects has been reported to focus on an immunogenic region 114-123 (VMNILLQYVV), with studies demonstrating both 114-123 and 114-122 epitopes being targeted. However, the fine specificity of this response is unclear and the key question as to which epitope(s) β cells naturally process and present and, therefore, the pathogenic potential of CD8 T cells with different specificities within this region has not been addressed. We generated human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201-restricted CD8 T cell clones recognizing either 114-122 alone or both 114-122 and 114-123. Both clone types show potent and comparable effector functions (cytokine and chemokine secretion) and killing of indicator target cells externally pulsed with cognate peptide. However, only clones recognizing 114-123 kill target cells transfected with HLA-A*0201 and GAD2 and HLA-A*0201(+) human islet cells. We conclude that the endogenous pathway of antigen processing by HLA-A*0201-expressing cells generates GAD65114-123 as the predominant epitope in this region. These studies highlight the importance of understanding β cell epitope presentation in the design of immune monitoring for potentially pathogenic CD8 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Knight
- Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, UK
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