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Xicluna R, Avenel A, Vandamme C, Devaux M, Jaulin N, Couzinié C, Le Duff J, Charrier A, Guilbaud M, Adjali O, Gernoux G. Prevalence Study of Cellular Capsid-Specific Immune Responses to AAV2, 4, 5, 8, 9, and rh10 in Healthy Donors. Hum Gene Ther 2024; 35:355-364. [PMID: 38581431 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors appear, more than ever, to be efficient viral vectors for in vivo gene transfer as illustrated by the approvals of 7 drugs across Europe and the United States. Nevertheless, preexisting immunity to AAV capsid in humans remains one of the major limits for a successful clinical translation. Whereas a preexisting humoral response to AAV capsid is well documented, the prevalence of preexisting capsid-specific T cell responses still needs to be studied and characterized. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of AAV-specific circulating T cells toward AAV2, 4, 5, 8, 9, and rh10 in a large cohort of healthy donors using the standard IFNγ ELISpot assay. We observed the highest prevalence of preexisting cellular immunity to AAV9 serotype followed by AAV8, AAV4, AAV2, AAVrh10, and AAV5 independently of the donors' serological status. An in-depth analysis of T cell responses toward the 2 most prevalent serotypes 8 and 9 shows that IFNγ secretion is mainly mediated by CD8 T cells for both serotypes. A polyfunctional analysis reveals different cytokine profiles between AAV8 and AAV9. Surprisingly, no IL-2 secretion was mediated by anti-AAV9 immune cells suggesting that these cells may rather be exhausted or terminally differentiated than cytotoxic T cells. Altogether, these results suggest that preexisting immunity to AAV may vary depending on the serotype and support the necessity of using multiparametric monitoring methods to better characterize anticapsid cellular immunity and foresee its impact in rAAV-mediated clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Xicluna
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Allan Avenel
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Vandamme
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Devaux
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Jaulin
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Célia Couzinié
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Johanne Le Duff
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Alicia Charrier
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Guilbaud
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Oumeya Adjali
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Gwladys Gernoux
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, INSERM, TaRGeT - Translational Research in Gene Therapy, UMR 1089, Nantes, France
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2
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Guo L, Liu X, Su X. The role of TEMRA cell-mediated immune senescence in the development and treatment of HIV disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284293. [PMID: 37901239 PMCID: PMC10602809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has plagued human society for a long time since its discovery, causing a large number of patients to suffer and costing hundreds of millions of medical services every year. Scientists have found that HIV and antiretroviral therapy accelerate immune aging by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and that terminal effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) are crucial in immune aging. This specific subset of effector memory T cells has terminally differentiated properties and exhibits high cytotoxicity and proinflammatory capacity. We therefore explored and described the interplay between exhaustion features, essential markers, functions, and signaling pathways from previous studies on HIV, antiretroviral therapy, immune senescence, and TEMRA cells. Their remarkable antiviral capacity is then highlighted by elucidating phenotypic changes in TEMRA cells during HIV infection, describing changes in TEMRA cells before, during, and after antiretroviral therapy and other drug treatments. Their critical role in complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-HIV superinfection is highlighted. These studies demonstrate that TEMRA cells play a key role in the antiviral response and immune senescence during HIV infection. Finally, we review current therapeutic strategies targeting TEMRA cells that may be clinically beneficial, highlight their potential role in HIV-1 vaccine development, and provide perspectives and predictions for related future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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3
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Eberhard JM, Angin M, Passaes C, Salgado M, Monceaux V, Knops E, Kobbe G, Jensen B, Christopeit M, Kröger N, Vandekerckhove L, Badiola J, Bandera A, Raj K, van Lunzen J, Hütter G, Kuball JHE, Martinez-Laperche C, Balsalobre P, Kwon M, Díez-Martín JL, Nijhuis M, Wensing A, Martinez-Picado J, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Sáez-Cirión A. Vulnerability to reservoir reseeding due to high immune activation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in individuals with HIV-1. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/542/eaay9355. [PMID: 32376772 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay9355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only medical intervention that has led to an HIV cure. Whereas the HIV reservoir sharply decreases after allo-HSCT, the dynamics of the T cell reconstitution has not been comprehensively described. We analyzed the activation and differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the breadth and quality of HIV- and CMV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in 16 patients with HIV who underwent allo-HSCT (including five individuals who received cells from CCR5Δ32/Δ32 donors) to treat their underlying hematological malignancy and who remained on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We found that reconstitution of the T cell compartment after allo-HSCT was slow and heterogeneous with an initial expansion of activated CD4+ T cells that preceded the expansion of CD8+ T cells. Although HIV-specific CD8+ T cells disappeared immediately after allo-HSCT, weak HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses were detectable several weeks after transplant and could still be detected at the time of full T cell chimerism, indicating that de novo priming, and hence antigen exposure, occurred during the time of T cell expansion. These HIV-specific T cells had limited functionality compared with CMV-specific CD8+ T cells and persisted years after allo-HSCT. In conclusion, immune reconstitution was slow, heterogeneous, and incomplete and coincided with de novo detection of weak HIV-specific T cell responses. The initial short phase of high T cell activation, in which HIV antigens were present, may constitute a window of vulnerability for the reseeding of viral reservoirs, emphasizing the importance of maintaining ART directly after allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Eberhard
- 1. Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,DZIF Partner Site (German Center for Infection Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems Site, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathieu Angin
- Institut Pasteur, HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Passaes
- Institut Pasteur, HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria Salgado
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Valerie Monceaux
- Institut Pasteur, HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elena Knops
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany
| | - Guido Kobbe
- Department of Haematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Björn Jensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Christopeit
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center HamburgEppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaus Kröger
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center HamburgEppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linos Vandekerckhove
- HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jon Badiola
- Hematology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Kavita Raj
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Jan van Lunzen
- 1. Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, Middlesex TW8 9GS, UK
| | | | | | - Carolina Martinez-Laperche
- Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual Balsalobre
- Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mi Kwon
- Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Díez-Martín
- Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Monique Nijhuis
- University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain.,UVic-UCC, 08500 Vic, Spain.,ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- 1. Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. .,DZIF Partner Site (German Center for Infection Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems Site, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Asier Sáez-Cirión
- Institut Pasteur, HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, 75015 Paris, France.
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4
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Vandamme C, Xicluna R, Hesnard L, Devaux M, Jaulin N, Guilbaud M, Le Duff J, Couzinié C, Moullier P, Saulquin X, Adjali O. Tetramer-Based Enrichment of Preexisting Anti-AAV8 CD8 + T Cells in Human Donors Allows the Detection of a T EMRA Subpopulation. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3110. [PMID: 32038634 PMCID: PMC6990124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-existing immunity to AAV capsid may compromise the safety and efficiency of rAAV-mediated gene transfer in patients. Anti-capsid cytotoxic immune responses have proven to be a challenge to characterize because of the scarcity of circulating AAV-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes which can seldom be detected with conventional flow cytometry or ELISpot assays. Here, we used fluorescent MHC class I tetramers combined with magnetic enrichment to detect and phenotype AAV8-specific CD8+ T cells in human PBMCs without prior amplification. We showed that all healthy individuals tested carried a pool of AAV8-specific CD8+ T cells with a CD45RA+ CCR7- terminally-differentiated effector memory cell (TEMRA) fraction. Ex vivo frequencies of total AAV-specific CD8+ T cells were not predictive of IFNγ ELISpot responses but interestingly we evidenced a correlation between the proportion of TEMRA cells and IFNγ ELISpot positive responses. TEMRA cells may then play a role in recombinant AAV-mediated cytotoxicity in patients with preexisting immunity. Overall, our results encourage the development of new methods combining increased detection sensitivity of AAV-specific T cells and their poly-functional assessment to better characterize and monitor AAV capsid-specific cellular immune responses in the perspective of rAAV-mediated clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Vandamme
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Rebecca Xicluna
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Leslie Hesnard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marie Devaux
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Jaulin
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Guilbaud
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Johanne Le Duff
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Célia Couzinié
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Moullier
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Xavier Saulquin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Oumeya Adjali
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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5
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Franzese O, Barbaccia ML, Bonmassar E, Graziani G. Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-Associated Immunosenescence. Chemotherapy 2018; 63:64-75. [PMID: 29533947 DOI: 10.1159/000487534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy more than 2 decades ago, HIV-related deaths have dramatically decreased and HIV infection has become a chronic disease. Due to the inability of antiretroviral drugs to eradicate the virus, treatment of HIV infection requires a systemic lifelong therapy. However, even when successfully treated, HIV patients still show increased incidence of age-associated co-morbidities compared with uninfected individuals. Virus- induced immunosenescence, a process characterized by a progressive decline of immune system function, contributes to the premature ageing observed in HIV patients. Although antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved both the quality and length of patient lives, the life expectancy of treated patients is still shorter compared with that of uninfected individuals. In particular, while antiretroviral therapy can contrast some features of HIV-associated immunosenescence, several anti-HIV agents may themselves contribute to other aspects of immune ageing. Moreover, older HIV patients tend to have a worse immunological response to the antiviral therapy. In this review we will examine the available evidence on the role of antiretroviral therapy in the control of the main features regulating immunosenescence.
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6
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Gonzalez-Serna A, Ferrando-Martinez S, Tarancon-Diez L, De Pablo-Bernal RS, Dominguez-Molina B, Jiménez JL, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ, Leal M, Ruiz-Mateos E. Increased CD127+ and decreased CD57+ T cell expression levels in HIV-infected patients on NRTI-sparing regimens. J Transl Med 2017; 15:259. [PMID: 29262860 PMCID: PMC5738860 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NRTIs-sparing regimens exert favourable profiles on T-cell homeostasis associated parameters. Our aim was to analyze the effect of NRTIs sparing regimen (NRTI-sparing-cART) vs NRTIs-containing regimen (NRTI-cART), on T-cell homeostasis associated parameters in naive HIV-infected patients. METHODS Biomarkers of cell survival (CD127) and replicative senescence (CD57), were measured by multiparametric flow cytometry for T-cell phenotyping on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples just before (baseline) and after 48 weeks of undetectable viral load in patients on NRTI-sparing-cART (N = 13) and NRTI-cART (N = 14). After 48 weeks a subgroup of patients (n = 5) on NRTI-cART switched to NRTI-sparing-cART for another additional 48 weeks. In vitro assays were performed on PBMCs from HIV-uninfected healthy donors exposed or not to HIV. To analyze the independent factors associated with type of cART bivariate and stepwise multivariate analysis were performed after adjusting for basal CD4+, CD8+ and nadir CD4+ T-cell counts. RESULTS After 48 weeks of a NRTI-sparing-cART vs NRTI-cART patients have higher effector memory (EM) CD4+ CD127+ T-cell levels, lower EM CD4+ CD57+ T-cell levels, higher CD8+ CD127+ T-cell levels, lower CD8+ CD57+ T-cell levels and higher memory CD8+ T-cell levels. This effect was confirmed in the subgroup of patients who switched to NRTI-sparing-cART. In vitro assays confirmed that the deleterious effect of a NRTIs-containing regimen was due to NRTIs. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of NRTI-sparing regimens, with a favourable profile in CD127 and CD57 T-cell expression, could benefit cART-patients. These results could have potential implications in a decrease in the number of Non-AIDS events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gonzalez-Serna
- Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañon, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, C/Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain. .,Viral and Immune Infection Unit Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Majadahonda Campus, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Ferrando-Martinez
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - L Tarancon-Diez
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - R S De Pablo-Bernal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - B Dominguez-Molina
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - J L Jiménez
- Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañon, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, C/Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Viral and Immune Infection Unit Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Majadahonda Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Á Muñoz-Fernández
- Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañon, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, C/Dr. Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.,Viral and Immune Infection Unit Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Molecular Immunobiology Laboratory, General Universitary Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Majadahonda Campus, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Leal
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - E Ruiz-Mateos
- Laboratory of Immunovirology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, C/Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain. .,Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain.
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7
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Kohanski RA, Deeks SG, Gravekamp C, Halter JB, High K, Hurria A, Fuldner R, Green P, Huebner R, Macchiarini F, Sierra F. Reverse geroscience: how does exposure to early diseases accelerate the age-related decline in health? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1386:30-44. [PMID: 27907230 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for both the development of chronic diseases and loss of functional capacity. Geroscience provides links among the biology of aging, the biology of disease, and the physiology of frailty, three fields where enormous progress has been made in the last few decades. While, previously, the focus was on the role of aging in susceptibility to disease and disability, the other side of this relationship, which is the contribution of disease to aging, has been less explored at the molecular/cellular level. Indeed, the role of childhood or early adulthood exposure to chronic disease and/or treatment on accelerating aging phenotypes is well known in epidemiology, but the biological basis is poorly understood. A recent summit co-organized by the National Institutes of Health GeroScience Interest Group and the New York Academy of Sciences explored these relationships, using three chronic diseases as examples: cancer, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes. The epidemiological literature clearly indicates that early exposure to any of these diseases and/or their treatments results in an acceleration of the appearance of aging phenotypes, including loss of functional capacity and accelerated appearance of clinical symptoms of aging-related diseases not obviously related to the earlier event. The discussions at the summit focused on the molecular and cellular relationships between each of these diseases and the recently defined molecular and cellular pillars of aging. Two major conclusions from the meeting include the desire to refine an operational definition of aging and to concomitantly develop biomarkers of aging, in order to move from chronological to physiological age. The discussion also opened a dialogue on the possibility of improving late-life outcomes in patients affected by chronic disease by including age-delaying modalities along with the standard care for the disease in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Kohanski
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Claudia Gravekamp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- Geriatrics Center and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin High
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Arti Hurria
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California
| | - Rebecca Fuldner
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paige Green
- Biobehavioral and Psychologic Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robin Huebner
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Felipe Sierra
- Division of Aging Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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