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Diociaiuti A, Corbeddu M, Rossi S, Pisaneschi E, Cesario C, Condorelli AG, Samela T, Giancristoforo S, Angioni A, Zambruno G, Novelli A, Alaggio R, Abeni D, El Hachem M. Cross-Sectional Study on Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyoses: Association of Genotype with Disease Severity, Phenotypic, and Ultrastructural Features in 74 Italian Patients. Dermatology 2024; 240:397-413. [PMID: 38588653 PMCID: PMC11168449 DOI: 10.1159/000536366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCIs) are a clinically heterogeneous group of keratinization disorders characterized by generalized skin scaling due to mutations in at least 12 genes. The aim of our study was to assess disease severity, phenotypic, and ultrastructural features and to evaluate their association with genetic findings in ARCI patients. METHODS Clinical signs and symptoms, and disease severity were scored in a single-center series of patients with a genetic diagnosis of ARCI. Skin ultrastructural findings were reviewed. RESULTS Seventy-four consecutive patients (mean age 11.0 years, range 0.1-48.8) affected with lamellar ichthyosis (50/74, 67.5%), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (18/74, 24.3%), harlequin ichthyosis (two/74, 2.7%), and other minor ARCI subtypes (four/74, 5.4%) were enrolled. Mutated genes were as follows: TGM1 in 18/74 (24.3%) patients, ALOX12B in 18/74 (24.3%), CYP4F22 in 12/74 (16.2%), ABCA12 in nine/74 (12.2%), ALOXE3 in seven/74 (9.5%), NIPAL4 in seven/74 (9.5%), and CERS3, PNPLA1, and SDR9C7 in 1 patient each (1.4%). Twenty-five previously undescribed mutations in the different ARCI causative genes, as well as two microduplications in TGM1, and two microdeletions in CYP4F22 and NIPAL4 were identified. The mean ichthyosis severity score in TGM1- and ABCA12-mutated patients was significantly higher than in all other mutated genes, while the lowest score was observed in CYP4F22-mutated patients. Alopecia, ectropion, and eclabium were significantly associated with TGM1 and ABCA12 mutations, and large, thick, and brownish scales with TGM1 mutations. Among specific phenotypic features, psoriasis-like lesions as well as a trunk reticulate scale pattern and striated keratoderma were present in NIPAL4-mutated patients. Ultrastructural data available for 56 patients showed a 100% specificity of cholesterol clefts for TGM1-mutated cases and revealed abnormal lamellar bodies in SDR9C7 and CERS3 patients. CONCLUSION Our study expands the phenotypic and genetic characterization of ARCI by the description of statistically significant associations between disease severity, specific clinical signs, and different mutated genes. Finally, we highlighted the presence of psoriasis-like lesions in NIPAL4-ARCI patients as a novel phenotypic feature with diagnostic and possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Corbeddu
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cesario
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli
- Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tonia Samela
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Giancristoforo
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zambruno
- Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - May El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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King AD, Deirawan H, Klein PA, Dasgeb B, Dumur CI, Mehregan DR. Next-generation sequencing in dermatology. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1218404. [PMID: 37841001 PMCID: PMC10570430 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1218404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has advanced our understanding, diagnosis, and management of several areas within dermatology. NGS has emerged as a powerful tool for diagnosing genetic diseases of the skin, improving upon traditional PCR-based techniques limited by significant genetic heterogeneity associated with these disorders. Epidermolysis bullosa and ichthyosis are two of the most extensively studied genetic diseases of the skin, with a well-characterized spectrum of genetic changes occurring in these conditions. NGS has also played a critical role in expanding the mutational landscape of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, enhancing our understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. Similarly, genetic testing has greatly benefited melanoma diagnosis and treatment, primarily due to the high prevalence of BRAF hot spot mutations and other well-characterized genetic alterations. Additionally, NGS provides a valuable tool for measuring tumor mutational burden, which can aid in management of melanoma. Lastly, NGS demonstrates promise in improving the sensitivity of diagnosing cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This article provides a comprehensive summary of NGS applications in the diagnosis and management of genodermatoses, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, highlighting the impact of NGS on the field of dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. King
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Hany Deirawan
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Bahar Dasgeb
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Catherine I. Dumur
- Bernhardt Laboratories, Sonic Healthcare Anatomic Pathology Division, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Darius R. Mehregan
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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3
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Salik D, Richert B, Smits G. Clinical and molecular diagnosis of genodermatoses: Review and perspectives. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:488-500. [PMID: 36502512 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Genodermatoses are a complex and heterogeneous group of genetic skin disorders characterized by variable expression and clinical and genetic heterogeneity, rendering their diagnosis challenging. DNA-based techniques, like whole-exome sequencing, can establish a diagnosis in 50% of cases. RNA-sequencing is emerging as an attractive tool that can obtain information regarding gene expression while integrating functional genomic data with regard to the interpretation of variants. This increases the diagnostic rate by an additional 10-15%. In the present review, we detail the clinical steps involved in the diagnosis of genodermatoses, as well as the current DNA-based technologies available to clinicians. Herein, the intention is to facilitate a better understanding of the possibilities and limitations of these diagnostic technologies. In addition, this review could guide dermatologists through new emerging techniques, such as RNA-sequencing and its applications to familiarizing them with future techniques. Currently, this multi-omics approach is likely the best strategy designed to promote the diagnosis of patients with genodermatoses and discover new skin disease genes that could result in novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salik
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint-Pierre, CHU Brugmann and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Richert
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint-Pierre, CHU Brugmann and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Jaffar H, Shakir Z, Kumar G, Ali IF. Ichthyosis vulgaris: An updated review. SKIN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2023; 3:e187. [PMID: 36751330 PMCID: PMC9892433 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ichthyosis vulgaris is an inherited, non-syndromic form of ichthyosis that presents with skin problems. Making up more than 95% cases of ichthyosis, ichthyosis vulgaris is caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutation of the filaggrin gene, raising the fragility and permeability of the stratum corneum. It typically presents in infancy as xerosis, skin lesions, keratosis pilaris, palmoplantar hyper linearity, scaly dermatosis, and erythroderma, clearly identifiable by age 5. Although majority of patients have a normal lifespan, possible complications include a vitamin D deficiency and auditory problems due to scaling in the ears, besides a drop in quality of life due to dermatological changes. Urea-based creams with 10% urea, ceramides, and other ceramides are often the first line therapy in ichthyosis vulgaris. There is no known curative treatment for ichthyosis vulgaris, but lifelong treatment can alleviate the symptoms. Urea-based creams are highly therapeutic, whereas ammonium lactate 12% lotion with a physiological lipid-based repair cream can help with scaling and dryness. There is also evidence in favour of propylene glycol solutions. Risankizumab, an anti-interleukin-23 drug, and enhancement of natural moisturizing factors are also two highly promising solutions that require additional research. This review aims to provide updates on the manifestation, evaluation, and treatment of ichthyosis vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Jaffar
- Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan
| | - Zobia Shakir
- Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan
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5
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Zeng J, Shan B, Guo L, Lv S, Li F. Compound Heterozygous Mutations in TGM1 Causing a Severe Form of Lamellar Ichthyosis: A Case Report. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:583-588. [PMID: 35698621 PMCID: PMC9188366 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s361350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to detect the pathogenic gene mutations in a patient with lamellar ichthyosis (LI). The genomic DNA of the patient was examined using high-throughput whole-exome sequencing to identify the causative mutations. Compound heterozygous mutations of c.1187G>T (p.Arg396Leu) and c.607C>T (p.Gln203*) were found in the transglutaminase-1 gene (TGM1) on chromosome 14 of the proband. The mutations stated above have been reported to impair the function of TGM1 protein and to be pathogenic. Our data suggest that the proband carried compound heterozygous mutations of c.1187G>T(p.Arg396Leu) and c.607C>T(p.Gln203*) in TGM1, which were in the trans position and the cause of his disease. We also found some dermoscopic in this patient which may be specific in LI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baihui Shan
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Lv
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuqiu Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Fuqiu Li, Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Nanguan District, Changchun, CN 130041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613039123758, Fax +86-0431-81136888, Email
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6
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Liang B, Huang H, Zhang J, Chen G, Kong X, Zhu M, Wang P, Tang L. Case Report: Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome: A Novel Homozygous Mutation in ABHD5 Gene in a Chinese Case and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:847321. [PMID: 35419035 PMCID: PMC8996135 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.847321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a rare, autosomal recessively inherited genetic disease, whch is associated with a decrease in the lipolysis activity in multiple tissue cells. The clinical phenotype involves multiple organs and systems, including liver, eyes, ears, skeletal muscle and central nervous system. Mutations in ABHD5/CGI58 gene have been confirmed to be associated with CDS. We performed whole exome sequencing on a Chinese CDS patient with skin ichthyosis features mimicking lamellar ichthyosis, ectropion, sensorineural hearing loss, and lipid storage in peripheral blood neutrophils. A novel homozygous missense mutation (p.L154R) in ABHD5 gene was detected in this patient. Genotype-phenotype analysis in reported CDS patients revealed no particular correlation. Our findings further enrich the reservoir of ABHD5 mutations in CDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | | | - Mengting Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medical, the First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peiguang Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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7
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Current Strategies for the Gene Therapy of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis and Other Types of Inherited Ichthyosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052506. [PMID: 35269649 PMCID: PMC8910354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes such as transglutaminase-1 (TGM1), which are responsible for the formation and normal functioning of a lipid barrier, lead to the development of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). ARCIs are characterized by varying degrees of hyperkeratosis and the presence of scales on the body surface since birth. The quality of life of patients is often significantly affected, and in order to alleviate the manifestations of the disease, symptomatic therapy with moisturizers, keratolytics, retinoids and other cosmetic substances is often used to improve the condition of the patients' skin. Graft transplantation is commonly used to correct defects of the eye. However, these approaches offer symptomatic treatment that does not restore the lost protein function or provide a long-term skin barrier. Gene and cell therapies are evolving as promising therapy for ARCIs that can correct the functional activity of altered proteins. However, these approaches are still at an early stage of development. This review discusses current studies of gene and cell therapy approaches for various types of ichthyosis and their further prospects for patient treatment.
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8
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Le Duc D, Velluva A, Cassatt-Johnstone M, Olsen RA, Baleka S, Lin CC, Lemke JR, Southon JR, Burdin A, Wang MS, Grunewald S, Rosendahl W, Joger U, Rutschmann S, Hildebrandt TB, Fritsch G, Estes JA, Kelso J, Dalén L, Hofreiter M, Shapiro B, Schöneberg T. Genomic basis for skin phenotype and cold adaptation in the extinct Steller's sea cow. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl6496. [PMID: 35119923 PMCID: PMC8816345 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Steller's sea cow, an extinct sirenian and one of the largest Quaternary mammals, was described by Georg Steller in 1741 and eradicated by humans within 27 years. Here, we complement Steller's descriptions with paleogenomic data from 12 individuals. We identified convergent evolution between Steller's sea cow and cetaceans but not extant sirenians, suggesting a role of several genes in adaptation to cold aquatic (or marine) environments. Among these are inactivations of lipoxygenase genes, which in humans and mouse models cause ichthyosis, a skin disease characterized by a thick, hyperkeratotic epidermis that recapitulates Steller's sea cows' reportedly bark-like skin. We also found that Steller's sea cows' abundance was continuously declining for tens of thousands of years before their description, implying that environmental changes also contributed to their extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Akhil Velluva
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Molly Cassatt-Johnstone
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Remi-Andre Olsen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Box 1031 , SE-17121 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sina Baleka
- Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Chen-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 11221 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Johannes R. Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - John R. Southon
- Keck-CCAMS Group, Earth System Science Department, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alexander Burdin
- Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, 683000 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
| | - Ming-Shan Wang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Sonja Grunewald
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University Medical Center Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wilfried Rosendahl
- Reiss-Engelhorn-Museum and Curt-Engelhorn-Centre of Archaeometry, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Joger
- State Museum of Natural History, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sereina Rutschmann
- Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas B. Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Fritsch
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - James A. Estes
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Janet Kelso
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Love Dalén
- Centre for Palaeogenetics, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Hofreiter
- Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Zhang ZYO, Wu YY, Cai XY, Fang WL, Xiao FL. Molecular Diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis by Multigene Panel Testing. Front Genet 2021; 12:603195. [PMID: 33767727 PMCID: PMC7985060 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.603195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis (NF) is an autosomal genetic disorder for which early and definite clinical diagnoses are difficult. To identify the diagnosis, five affected probands with suspected NF from unrelated families were included in this study. Molecular analysis was performed using multigene panel testing and Sanger sequencing. Ultradeep sequencing was used to analyze the mutation rate in the tissues from the proband with mosaic mutations. Three different pathogenic variants of the NF1 gene were found in three probands who mainly complained of café-au-lait macules (CALMs), including one frameshift variant c.5072_5073insTATAACTGTAACTCCTGGGTCAGGGAGTACACCAA:p.Tyr1692Ilefs in exon 37, one missense variant c.3826C > T:p.Arg1276Ter in exon 28, and one splicing variant c.4110 + 1G > T at the first base downstream of the 3′-end of exon 30. One NF1 gene mosaic variant was found in a proband who complained of cutaneous neurofibroma with the frameshift variant c.495_498del:p.Thr165fs in exon 5, and ultradeep sequencing showed the highest mutation rate of 10.81% in cutaneous neurofibromas. A frameshift variant, c.36_39del:p.Ser12fs in exon 1 of the NF2 gene, was found in a proband who presented with skin plaques and intracranial neurogenic tumors. All of these pathogenic variants were heterozygous, one was not reported, and one not in Chinese before. This study expands the pathogenic variant spectrum of NF and demonstrates the clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Yun-Ou Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin-Ying Cai
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Liang Fang
- Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Feng-Li Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Youssefian L, Niaziorimi F, Saeidian AH, South AP, Khosravi-Bachehmir F, Khodavaisy S, Vahidnezhad H, Uitto J. Knockdown of SDR9C7 Impairs Epidermal Barrier Function. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1754-1764.e1. [PMID: 33422619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Mendelian disorders of cornification consist of a highly heterogeneous group of diseases, and the majority of nonsyndromic cases belong to the family of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Mutations in SDR9C7 have been associated with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, and clinical manifestations include mild to moderately dry, scaly skin with or without hyperkeratosis, palmoplantar keratoderma, and erythroderma. SDR9C7, with short-chain dehydrogenase and/or reductase activity, is known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide‒ or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate‒dependent oxidoreductase and has been shown to be involved in the final step of epidermal lipid barrier formation by covalent binding of acylceramide to the cornified envelope. In this study, we present the clinical and molecular description of 19 patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in five consanguineous families with SDR9C7 mutations. We also downregulated the expression of SDR9C7 in keratinocytes using the small interfering RNA technique in three-dimensional organotypic skin constructs. Our results demonstrated morphological and histological abnormalities in these constructs ex vivo, similar to those observed in patients with ichthyosis. Moreover, the results from keratinocyte migration and epidermal dye penetration assays provided evidence for the role of SDR9C7 in the disease pathomechanism. Collectively, our results indicate that SDR9C7 deficiency by itself is sufficient to disrupt epidermal barrier function leading to ichthyotic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Youssefian
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Genetics, Genomics & Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fatemeh Niaziorimi
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Genetics, Genomics & Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew P South
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Research Center for Fibrotic Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Farzaneh Khosravi-Bachehmir
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Research Center for Fibrotic Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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