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Abtahi S, Chen X, Shahabi S, Nasiri N. Resorbable Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: Critical Features, Potentials, and Limitations. ACS MATERIALS AU 2023; 3:394-417. [PMID: 38089090 PMCID: PMC10510521 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Lack of horizontal and vertical bone at the site of an implant can lead to significant clinical problems that need to be addressed before implant treatment can take place. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a commonly used surgical procedure that employs a barrier membrane to encourage the growth of new bone tissue in areas where bone has been lost due to injury or disease. It is a promising approach to achieve desired repair in bone tissue and is widely accepted and used in approximately 40% of patients with bone defects. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive examination of recent advances in resorbable membranes for GBR including natural materials such as chitosan, collagen, silk fibroin, along with synthetic materials such as polyglycolic acid (PGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and their copolymers. In addition, the properties of these materials including foreign body reaction, mechanical stability, antibacterial property, and growth factor delivery performance will be compared and discussed. Finally, future directions for resorbable membrane development and potential clinical applications will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abtahi
- NanoTech
Laboratory, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
- Department
of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- NanoTech
Laboratory, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Sima Shahabi
- Department
of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Noushin Nasiri
- NanoTech
Laboratory, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
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Sun S, Cui Y, Yuan B, Dou M, Wang G, Xu H, Wang J, Yin W, Wu D, Peng C. Drug delivery systems based on polyethylene glycol hydrogels for enhanced bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1117647. [PMID: 36793443 PMCID: PMC9923112 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1117647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems composed of osteogenic substances and biological materials are of great significance in enhancing bone regeneration, and appropriate biological carriers are the cornerstone for their construction. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is favored in bone tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. When combined with other substances, the physicochemical properties of PEG-based hydrogels fully meet the requirements of drug delivery carriers. Therefore, this paper reviews the application of PEG-based hydrogels in the treatment of bone defects. The advantages and disadvantages of PEG as a carrier are analyzed, and various modification methods of PEG hydrogels are summarized. On this basis, the application of PEG-based hydrogel drug delivery systems in promoting bone regeneration in recent years is summarized. Finally, the shortcomings and future developments of PEG-based hydrogel drug delivery systems are discussed. This review provides a theoretical basis and fabrication strategy for the application of PEG-based composite drug delivery systems in local bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dankai Wu
- *Correspondence: Dankai Wu, ; Chuangang Peng,
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Basanth A, Mayilswamy N, Kandasubramanian B. Bone regeneration by biodegradable polymers. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2029886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abina Basanth
- Biopolymer Science, Cipet: Ipt, Hil Colony, Kochi, India
| | - Neelaambhigai Mayilswamy
- Department Of Metallurgical And Materials Engineering, Diat(D.U.), Ministry Of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, India
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Cohen T, Kossover O, Peled E, Bick T, Hasanov L, Chun TT, Cool S, Lewinson D, Seliktar D. A combined cell and growth factor delivery for the repair of a critical size tibia defect using biodegradable hydrogel implants. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:380-395. [PMID: 35119200 PMCID: PMC9303443 DOI: 10.1002/term.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to repair critical‐sized long‐bone injuries using growth factor and cell delivery was investigated using hydrogel biomaterials. Physiological doses of the recombinant human bone morphogenic protein‐2 (rhBMP2) were delivered in a sustained manner from a biodegradable hydrogel containing peripheral human blood‐derived endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs). The biodegradable implants made from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and denatured fibrinogen (PEG‐fibrinogen, PF) were loaded with 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 and 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs. The safety and efficacy of the implant were tested in a rodent model of a critical‐size long‐bone defect. The hydrogel implants were formed ex‐situ and placed into defects in the tibia of athymic nude rats and analyzed for bone repair after 13 weeks following surgery. The hydrogels containing a combination of 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 and 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs were compared to control hydrogels containing 7.7 μg/ml of rhBMP2 only, 2.5 × 106 cells/ml hEPCs only, or bare hydrogels. Assessments of bone repair include histological analysis, bone formation at the site of implantation using quantitative microCT, and assessment of implant degradation. New bone formation was detected in all treated animals, with the highest amounts found in the treatments that included animals that combined the PF implant with rhBMP2. Moreover, statistically significant increases in the tissue mineral density (TMD), trabecular number and trabecular thickness were observed in defects treated with rhBMP2 compared to non‐rhBMP2 defects. New bone formation was significantly higher in the hEPC‐treated defects compared to bare hydrogel defects, but there were no significant differences in new bone formation, trabecular number, trabecular thickness or TMD at 13 weeks when comparing the rhBMP2 + hEPCs‐treated defects to rhBMP2‐treated defects. The study concludes that the bone regeneration using hydrogel implants containing hEPCs are overshadowed by enhanced osteogenesis associated with sustained delivery of rhBMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Cohen
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Kossover
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eli Peled
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tova Bick
- The Institute of Research of Bone Healing, the Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lena Hasanov
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tan Tuan Chun
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Cool
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Lewinson
- The Institute of Research of Bone Healing, the Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Pishavar E, Luo H, Naserifar M, Hashemi M, Toosi S, Atala A, Ramakrishna S, Behravan J. Advanced Hydrogels as Exosome Delivery Systems for Osteogenic Differentiation of MSCs: Application in Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126203. [PMID: 34201385 PMCID: PMC8228022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are known as water-swollen networks formed from naturally derived or synthetic polymers. They have a high potential for medical applications and play a crucial role in tissue repair and remodeling. MSC-derived exosomes are considered to be new entities for cell-free treatment in different human diseases. Recent progress in cell-free bone tissue engineering via combining exosomes obtained from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with hydrogel scaffolds has resulted in improvement of the methodologies in bone tissue engineering. Our research has been actively focused on application of biotechnological methods for improving osteogenesis and bone healing. The following text presents a concise review of the methodologies of fabrication and preparation of hydrogels that includes the exosome loading properties of hydrogels for bone regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Pishavar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran; (E.P.); (M.N.); (M.H.); (S.T.)
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Hongrong Luo
- Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Mahshid Naserifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran; (E.P.); (M.N.); (M.H.); (S.T.)
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran; (E.P.); (M.N.); (M.H.); (S.T.)
| | - Shirin Toosi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran; (E.P.); (M.N.); (M.H.); (S.T.)
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (J.B.)
| | - Javad Behravan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91735, Iran; (E.P.); (M.N.); (M.H.); (S.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2G 1C5, Canada
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (J.B.)
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The effect of polyethylenglycol gel on the delivery and osteogenic differentiation of homologous tooth germ-derived stem cells in a porcine model. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3043-3057. [PMID: 33104929 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate if bone regeneration can be promoted by homologous transplantation of STRO-1 sorted (STRO-1+) porcine tooth germ mesenchymal stem cells (TGSCs) with the combination of polyethylenglycol (PEG)-based hydrogel and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds. MATERIAL AND METHODS TGSCs were isolated from impacted third molars of domestic pigs. Nine critical-sized defects were created as (1) untreated defect; filled with (2) autogenous bone; (3) BCP + PEG; (4) BCP + PEG + unsorted TGSCs; (5) BCP + unsorted TGSCs; (6) BCP + PEG + STRO-1-sorted TGSCs; (7) BCP + STRO-1-sorted TGSCs; (8) BCP + PEG + osteogenic induced unsorted TGSCs; and (9) BCP + PEG + osteogenic induced STRO-1-sorted TGSCs in 20 domestic pigs. CM-DiI labelling was used to track cells in vivo. Histomorphometric assessment of new bone formation was achieved by toluidine blue O staining and microradiography after 1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks posttransplantation. RESULTS Complete healing was achieved in all defects although defects with PEG hydrogel presented better bone formation while STRO-1+ and unsorted TGSCs showed similar ability to form new bone after 12 weeks. Transplanted cells were seen in defects where PEG hydrogel was used as carriers in contrast to defects treated with cells and only bone grafts. CONCLUSIONS PEG hydrogel is an efficient carrier for homologous stem cell transplantation. TGSCs are capable of promoting bone healing in critical-sized defects in combination with bone graft and PEG hydrogel. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides information about the importance of the delivery vehicle for future translational stem cell delivery approaches.
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Kossover O, Cohen N, Lewis JA, Berkovitch Y, Peled E, Seliktar D. Growth Factor Delivery for the Repair of a Critical Size Tibia Defect Using an Acellular, Biodegradable Polyethylene Glycol-Albumin Hydrogel Implant. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:100-111. [PMID: 33463206 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor delivery using acellular matrices presents a promising alternative to current treatment options for bone repair in critical-size injuries. However, supra-physiological doses of the factors can introduce safety concerns that must be alleviated, mainly by sustaining delivery of smaller doses using the matrix as a depot. We developed an acellular, biodegradable hydrogel implant composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and denatured albumin to be used for sustained delivery of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2). In this study, poly(ethylene glycol)-albumin (PEG-Alb) hydrogels were produced and loaded with 7.7 μg/mL of recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2) to be tested for safety and performance in a critical-size long-bone defect, using a rodent model. The hydrogels were formed ex situ in a 5 mm long cylindrical mold of 3 mm diameter, implanted into defects made in the tibia of Sprague-Dawley rats and compared to non-rhBMP2 control hydrogels at 13 weeks following surgery. The hydrogels were also compared to the more established PEG-fibrinogen (PEG-Fib) hydrogels we have tested previously. Comprehensive in vitro characterization as well as in vivo assessments that include: histological analyses, including safety parameters (i.e., local tolerance and toxicity), assessment of implant degradation, bone formation, as well as repair tissue density using quantitative microCT analysis were performed. The in vitro assessments demonstrated similarities between the mechanical and release properties of the PEG-Alb hydrogels to those of the PEG-Fib hydrogels. Safety analysis presented good local tolerance in the bone defects and no signs of toxicity. A significantly larger amount of bone was detected at 13 weeks in the rhBMP2-treated defects as compared to non-rhBMP2 defects. However, no significant differences were noted in bone formation at 13 weeks when comparing the PEG-Alb-treated defects to PEG-Fib-treated defects (with or without BMP2). The study concludes that hydrogel scaffolds made from PEG-Alb containing 7.7 μg/mL of rhBMP2 are effective in accelerating the bridging of boney defects in the tibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kossover
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Natalie Cohen
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Jacob A Lewis
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yulia Berkovitch
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Eli Peled
- The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 3200000, Israel
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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Bai X, Gao M, Syed S, Zhuang J, Xu X, Zhang XQ. Bioactive hydrogels for bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:401-417. [PMID: 30003179 PMCID: PMC6038268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone self-healing is limited and generally requires external intervention to augment bone repair and regeneration. While traditional methods for repairing bone defects such as autografts, allografts, and xenografts have been widely used, they all have corresponding disadvantages, thus limiting their clinical use. Despite the development of a variety of biomaterials, including metal implants, calcium phosphate cements (CPC), hydroxyapatite, etc., the desired therapeutic effect is not fully achieved. Currently, polymeric scaffolds, particularly hydrogels, are of interest and their unique configurations and tunable physicochemical properties have been extensively studied. This review will focus on the applications of various cutting-edge bioactive hydrogels systems in bone regeneration, as well as their advantages and limitations. We will examine the composition and defects of the bone, discuss the current biomaterials for bone regeneration, and classify recently developed polymeric materials for hydrogel synthesis. We will also elaborate on the properties of desirable hydrogels as well as the fabrication techniques and different delivery strategies. Finally, the existing challenges, considerations, and the future prospective of hydrogels in bone regeneration will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bai
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
| | - Sahla Syed
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Jerry Zhuang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China
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