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Wang C, Yan J, Du K, Liu S, Wang J, Wang Q, Zhao H, Li M, Yan D, Zhang R, Yang F. Intestinal microbiome dysbiosis in alcohol-dependent patients and its effect on rat behaviors. mBio 2023; 14:e0239223. [PMID: 37962470 PMCID: PMC10746284 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02392-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Intestinal microbiome dysbiosis is associated with psychiatric disease through the "microbiota-gut-brain" axis. Here, we revealed that there was obvious intestinal microbiome (including bacterial and fungal) dysbiosis in alcohol-dependent patients. Alcohol consumption seriously disturbs the gut equilibrium between bacteria and fungi, reduces the interactions among bacterial-fungal trans-kingdom, and increases intestinal permeability. Gut microbiota should be considered as a whole to study the development of alcohol dependence. The gut microbiome of alcohol-dependent patients increased the anxiety- and depression-like behavior in rats. The gut microbiota dysbiosis may promote the development of alcohol dependence by regulating the endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) and related receptors. Hence, regulating the balance of gut microbiota and the endogenous CCK may be a potential strategy for reducing the risk of relapse in alcohol addiction patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junli Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Keda Du
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huajie Zhao
- Department of Pathogeny, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathogeny, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Pathogeny, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathogeny, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Abstract
Given historical focus on the roles for cholecystokinin (CCK) as a peripheral hormone controlling gastrointestinal processes and a brainstem peptide regulating food intake, the study of CCK as a limbic neuromodulator coordinating reward-seeking and emotional behavior remains underappreciated. Furthermore, localization of CCK to specialized interneurons throughout the hippocampus and cortex relegated CCK to being examined primarily as a static cell type marker rather than a dynamic functional neuromodulator. Yet, over three decades of literature have been generated by efforts to delineate the central mechanisms of addiction-related behaviors mediated by the CCK system across the striatum, amygdala, hypothalamus, and midbrain. Here, we cover fundamental findings that implicate CCK neuron activity and CCK receptor signaling in modulating drug intake and drug-seeking (focusing on psychostimulants, opioids, and alcohol). In doing so, we highlight the few studies that indicate sex differences in CCK expression and corresponding drug effects, emphasizing the importance of examining hormonal influences and sex as a biological variable in translating basic science discoveries to effective treatments for substance use disorders in human patients. Finally, we point toward understudied subcortical sources of endogenous CCK and describe how continued neurotechnology advancements can be leveraged to modernize understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying CCK release and signaling in addiction-relevant behaviors.
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Guo N, Zhang L, Fan W, Bai L, Zhang X, Shi Z, Bai J. Inhibition of Geranylgeranylacetone on cholecystokinin-B receptor, BDNF and dopamine D1 receptor induced by morphine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 588:23-28. [PMID: 34942530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Morphine is the pain releasing and abusing drug. Morphine leads to addiction by activating dopaminergic rewarding system consisted of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a gut-brain neuropeptide and involved in morphine dependence. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin and plays roles in regulating addiction. Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is a medicine of protecting gastric mucosal injury and protecting neurons. Our previous study showed that GGA blocked morphine-induced withdrawal and relapse through inducing thioredoxin 1(Trx1). In this study, we investigated that whether cholecystokinin-B receptor (CCKB receptor) and BDNF were related to GGA inhibition on morphine addiction. At first, we made conditioned place preference (CPP) model and confirmed again that GGA blocked the expression of morphine-CPP in present study. Then, our results showed that morphine increased the expressions of dopamine D1 receptor, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), CCKB receptor and BDNF in the VTA and NAc in mice, which was inhibited by GGA. These results suggest that CCK and BDNF in dopaminergic systems are associated with the role of GGA blocking morphine-CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Guo
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xianwen Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhizhou Shi
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Elkashef A, Brašić JR, Cantelina LR, Kahn R, Chiang N, Ye W, Zhou Y, Mojsiak J, Warren KR, Crabb A, Hilton J, Wong DF, Vocci F. A cholecystokinin B receptor antagonist and cocaine interaction, phase I study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 25:136-146. [PMID: 29923314 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS RPR 102681, a cholecystokinin-B antagonist, increased dopamine (DA) release and reduced cocaine self-administration in animals. This pilot study sought to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of co-administration of RPR 102681 and cocaine, and to confirm the DA release mechanism of RPR 102681. METHODS Sixteen cocaine-dependent participants were randomized to either placebo or RPR102681 at 3 ascending doses; cocaine was co-administered at steady state of RPR 102681. [11 C]raclopride positron emission tomography scans were conducted at baseline and at each RPR102681 dose. RESULTS RPR 102681 was well tolerated, and safe to co-administer with cocaine. RPR 102681 did not alter the PK of either cocaine or its metabolite benzoylecgonine and showed no intrinsic abuse liability. There was a trend toward reduction of cocaine craving scores. In contrast to animal studies, RPR 102681 significantly increased the binding potential of [11 C]raclopride in the ventral striatum (t test, P < .001) and caudate nucleus (t test, P < .0001) in a small subset of patients, suggesting that it may reduce intrasynaptic striatal DA. CONCLUSION Overall, this pilot study suggests that RPR 102681 would be unlikely candidate, as an agonist medication for the treatment for cocaine addiction but worth investigating further for possible role in reducing craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkashef
- Medications Development Division, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Robert Brašić
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Louis R Cantelina
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roberta Kahn
- Medications Development Division, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nora Chiang
- Medications Development Division, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weiguo Ye
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jurij Mojsiak
- Medications Development Division, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly R Warren
- Department of Psychology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Crabb
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Hilton
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dean F Wong
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Soloman H Snyder Department of Neurosciences, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Frank Vocci
- Medications Development Division, The National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Friends Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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