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Zhang ZZ, Nasir A, Li D, Khan S, Bai Q, Yuan F. Effect of dexmedetomidine on ncRNA and mRNA profiles of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats model. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1437445. [PMID: 39170713 PMCID: PMC11335533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1437445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke poses a significant global health burden, with rapid revascularization treatments being crucial but often insufficient to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has shown promise in reducing cerebral I/R injury, but its potential molecular mechanism, particularly its interaction with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), remains unclear. This study investigates DEX's therapeutic effect and potential molecular mechanisms in reducing cerebral I/R injury. A transient middle cerebral artery obstruction (tMACO) model was established to simulate cerebral I/R injury in adult rats. DEX was administered pre-ischemia and post-reperfusion. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed on the ischemic cerebral cortex to identify differentially expressed non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and mRNAs. The sequencing results showed 6,494 differentially expressed (DE) mRNA and 2698 DE circRNA between the sham and tMCAO (I/R) groups. Additionally, 1809 DE lncRNA, 763 DE mRNA, and 2795 DE circRNA were identified between the I/R group and tMCAO + DEX (I/R + DEX) groups. Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated significant enrichment in multicellular biogenesis, plasma membrane components, and protein binding. KEGG analysis further highlighted the potential mechanism of DEX action in reducing cerebral I/R injury, with hub genes involved in inflammatory pathways. This study demonstrates DEX's efficacy in reducing cerebral I/R injury and offers insights into its brain-protective effects, especially in ischemic stroke. Further research is warranted to fully understand DEX's neuroprotective mechanisms and its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Medical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Medical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Xu N, Jiang X, Zhang W, Shi Y, Leak RK, Keep RF, Ye Q, Yang T, Li S, Hu X, Stetler RA, Bennett MVL, Chen J. Endothelial peroxiredoxin-4 is indispensable for blood-brain barrier integrity and long-term functional recovery after ischemic stroke. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400272121. [PMID: 38437534 PMCID: PMC10945775 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400272121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The endothelial lining of cerebral microvessels is damaged relatively early after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and mediates blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neurovascular injury, and long-term neurological deficits. I/R induces BBB leakage within 1 h due to subtle structural alterations in endothelial cells (ECs), including reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and subcellular redistribution of junctional proteins. Herein, we show that the protein peroxiredoxin-4 (Prx4) is an endogenous protectant against endothelial dysfunction and BBB damage in a murine I/R model. We observed a transient upregulation of Prx4 in brain ECs 6 h after I/R in wild-type (WT) mice, whereas tamoxifen-induced, selective knockout of Prx4 from endothelial cells (eKO) mice dramatically raised vulnerability to I/R. Specifically, eKO mice displayed more BBB damage than WT mice within 1 to 24 h after I/R and worse long-term neurological deficits and focal brain atrophy by 35 d. Conversely, endothelium-targeted transgenic (eTG) mice overexpressing Prx4 were resistant to I/R-induced early BBB damage and had better long-term functional outcomes. As demonstrated in cultures of human brain endothelial cells and in animal models of I/R, Prx4 suppresses actin polymerization and stress fiber formation in brain ECs, at least in part by inhibiting phosphorylation/activation of myosin light chain. The latter cascade prevents redistribution of junctional proteins and BBB leakage under conditions of Prx4 repletion. Prx4 also tempers microvascular inflammation and infiltration of destructive neutrophils and proinflammatory macrophages into the brain parenchyma after I/R. Thus, the evidence supports an indispensable role for endothelial Prx4 in safeguarding the BBB and promoting functional recovery after I/R brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Yejie Shi
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Rehana K. Leak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA15282
| | - Richard F. Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Qing Ye
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Tuo Yang
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - Sicheng Li
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | - R. Anne Stetler
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
| | | | - Jun Chen
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA15213
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA15261
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Ye X, Wang Z, Lei W, Shen M, Tang J, Xu X, Yang Y, Zhang H. Pentraxin 3: A promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102163. [PMID: 38092307 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary global cause of death, and inflammation is a crucial factor in the development of CVDs. The acute phase inflammatory protein pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a biomarker reflecting the immune response. Recent research indicates that PTX3 plays a vital role in CVDs and has been investigated as a possible biomarker for CVD in clinical trials. PTX3 is implicated in the progression of CVDs through mechanisms such as exacerbating vascular endothelial dysfunction, affecting angiogenesis, and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarized the structure and function of PTX3, focusing on its multifaceted effects on CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. This may help in explaining the varying PTX3 functions and usage, as well as in utilizing target organs to manage diseases. Moreover, elucidating the opposite role of PTX3 in the cardiovascular system will demonstrate the therapeutic and predictive potential in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyan Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 627 Wuluo Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Wangrui Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingzhi Shen
- Department of General Medicine, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, 80 Jianglin Road, Hainan, China
| | - Jiayou Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuezeng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China.
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Upadhya R, Madhu LN, Rao S, Shetty AK. Proficiency of Extracellular Vesicles From hiPSC-Derived Neural Stem Cells in Modulating Proinflammatory Human Microglia: Role of Pentraxin-3 and miRNA-21-5p. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:845542. [PMID: 35656007 PMCID: PMC9152457 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.845542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed by human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neural stem cells (hNSC-EVs) have shown potent antiinflammatory properties in a mouse macrophage assay and a mouse model of acute neuroinflammation. They can also quickly permeate the entire brain after intranasal administration, making them attractive as an autologous or allogeneic off-the-shelf product for treating neurodegenerative diseases. However, their ability to modulate activated human microglia and specific proteins and miRNAs mediating antiinflammatory effects of hNSC-EVs are unknown. We investigated the proficiency of hNSC-EVs to modulate activated human microglia and probed the role of the protein pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and the miRNA miR-21-5p within hNSC-EVs in mediating the antiinflammatory effects. Mature microglia generated from hiPSCs (iMicroglia) expressed multiple microglia-specific markers. They responded to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interferon-gamma challenge by upregulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA expression and protein release. iMicroglia also exhibited proficiency to phagocytose amyloid-beta (Aβ). The addition of hNSC-EVs decreased TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression and the release of TNF-α and IL-1β by LPS-stimulated iMicroglia (proinflammatory human Microglia). However, the antiinflammatory activity of hNSC-EVs on LPS-stimulated microglia was considerably diminished when the PTX3 or miR-21-5p concentration was reduced in EVs. The results demonstrate that hNSC-EVs are proficient for modulating the proinflammatory human microglia into non-inflammatory phenotypes, implying their utility to treat neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the role of PTX3 and miR-21-5p in the antiinflammatory activity of hNSC-EVs provides a new avenue for improving the antiinflammatory effects of hNSC-EVs through PTX3 and/or miR-21-5p overexpression.
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Liu X, Shen L, Han B, Yao H. Involvement of noncoding RNA in blood-brain barrier integrity in central nervous system disease. Noncoding RNA Res 2021; 6:130-138. [PMID: 34377876 PMCID: PMC8327137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the important role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the central nervous system (CNS), increasing studies have been carried out to determine how the structural and functional integrity of the BBB impacts the pathogenesis of CNS diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), and gliomas. Emerging studies have revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) help to maintain the integrity and permeability of the BBB, thereby mediating CNS homeostasis. This review summarizes recent studies that focus on the effects of ncRNAs on the BBB in CNS diseases, including regulating the biological processes of inflammation, necrosis, and apoptosis of cells, affecting the translational dysfunction of proteins and regulating tight junctions (TJs). A comprehensive and detailed understanding of the interaction between ncRNAs and the BBB will lay a solid foundation for the development of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Shen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Takase H, Hamanaka G, Ohtomo R, Ishikawa H, Chung KK, Mandeville ET, Lok J, Fornage M, Herrup K, Tse KH, Lo EH, Arai K. Transcriptome Profiling of Mouse Corpus Callosum After Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:685261. [PMID: 34222254 PMCID: PMC8248229 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
White matter damage caused by cerebral hypoperfusion is a major hallmark of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD), which is the most common subtype of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) syndrome. In an aging society, the number of SIVD patients is expected to increase; however, effective therapies have yet to be developed. To understand the pathological mechanisms, we analyzed the profiles of the cells of the corpus callosum after cerebral hypoperfusion in a preclinical SIVD model. We prepared cerebral hypoperfused mice by subjecting 2-month old male C57BL/6J mice to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) operation. BCAS-hypoperfusion mice exhibited cognitive deficits at 4 weeks after cerebral hypoperfusion, assessed by novel object recognition test. RNA samples from the corpus callosum region of sham- or BCAS-operated mice were then processed using RNA sequencing. A gene set enrichment analysis using differentially expressed genes between sham and BCAS-operated mice showed activation of oligodendrogenesis pathways along with angiogenic responses. This database of transcriptomic profiles of BCAS-hypoperfusion mice will be useful for future studies to find a therapeutic target for SIVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Takase
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Gen Hamanaka
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Ryo Ohtomo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Kelly K Chung
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Emiri T Mandeville
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Josephine Lok
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Human Genetics Center, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Karl Herrup
- Department of Neurobiology and ADRC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kai-Hei Tse
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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Xie L, Lu B, Ma Y, Yin J, Zhai X, Chen C, Xie W, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Li P. The 100 most-cited articles about the role of neurovascular unit in stroke 2001-2020: A bibliometric analysis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:743-752. [PMID: 33764687 PMCID: PMC8193691 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neurovascular unit (NVU) is emerging as a potential therapeutic target in neurological conditions, such as stroke, brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease; meanwhile, stroke is the second leading cause of death globally. The purpose of the study is to analyze the most influential articles, authors, countries, and topics in the role of NVU in stroke. Methods The Web of Science (WoS) database was used for bibliometric analysis using the search terms “Stroke” and “Neurovascular unit” on January 1st, 2021. Data were extracted from the WoS database to identify collaborations between authors, countries, organizations, and keywords using VOSviewer (1.6.16 mac). Two bibliometric indicators, the activity index (AI) and category normalized citation impact (CNCI), were computed. The keywords of bursts were also identified by CiteSpace. Results A total of 770 articles were analyzed by VOSviewer. AIs and CNCIs were computed of the eighteen countries according to VOSviewer co‐authorship analysis results. The majority of authors mainly came from the United States and Japan. Romania, Hungary, and Poland have emerged as rising‐star countries. In the 100 most‐cited articles, the number of citations ranged from 1873 to 69, with a total of 15,758 citations. Most articles were published in 2011 and 2012 (n = 13 each), followed by 2009 (n = 11) and 2013, 2014, and 2015 (n = 8 each). Stroke and Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism were the two top journals. EH Lo from Harvard University/ Massachusetts General Hospital was the top first author and corresponding author. Harvard University/Massachusetts General Hospital was the most productive affiliated institution with 15 publications. Conclusion There has been growing attention and efforts made in the field of stroke and NVU. The merit of the above findings may help to shape the research policy in ischemic stroke both at the country and institutional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingwei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yezhi Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiemin Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhu Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqing Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Chen C, Li P. Neurovascular unit protection—novel therapeutic targets and strategies. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021. [PMCID: PMC7804891 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China
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