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Pei D, Zhang D, Guo Y, Chang H, Cui H. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Malignant Human Brain Tumors: Driving Forces Behind Progression and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:694. [PMID: 39859408 PMCID: PMC11766336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26020694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2024] [Revised: 01/12/2025] [Accepted: 01/13/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and are critically involved in the progression of malignant brain tumors, including glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, and meningioma. These lncRNAs interact with microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, and DNA, influencing key processes such as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. This review highlights the multifaceted impact of lncRNA dysregulation on tumor progression and underscores their potential as therapeutic targets to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. The insights provided offer new directions for advancing basic research and clinical applications in malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.P.); (D.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.C.)
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2
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Xie X, Fang Z, Zhang H, Wang Z, Li J, Jia Y, Shang L, Cao F, Li F. The role of N(6)-methyladenosine (m6a) modification in cancer: recent advances and future directions. EXCLI JOURNAL 2025; 24:113-150. [PMID: 39967906 PMCID: PMC11830918 DOI: 10.17179/excli2024-7935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most abundant and prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. The role of m6A modification in cancer has become a hot research topic in recent years and has been widely explored. m6A modifications have been shown to regulate cancer occurrence and progression by modulating different target molecules. This paper reviews the recent research progress of m6A modifications in cancer and provides an outlook on future research directions, especially the development of molecularly targeted drugs. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Shang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Gaiaschi L, Bottone MG, De Luca F. Towards Effective Treatment of Glioblastoma: The Role of Combination Therapies and the Potential of Phytotherapy and Micotherapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:14324-14350. [PMID: 39727987 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Revised: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors, with a poor prognosis due to its high resistance to conventional therapies. Current treatment options, including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have limited effectiveness in improving long-term survival. Despite the emergence of new therapies, monotherapy approaches have not shown significant improvements, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Combination therapies appear to be the most promising solution, as they target multiple molecular pathways involved in GBM progression. One area of growing interest is the incorporation of phytotherapy and micotherapy as complementary treatments, which offer potential benefits due to their anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. This review examines the current challenges in GBM treatment, discusses the potential of combination therapies, and highlights the promising role of phytotherapy and micotherapy as integrative therapeutic options for GBM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Gaiaschi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bottone
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Li D, Hu S, Ye J, Zhai C, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhou X, Chen L, Zhou F. The Emerging Role of IGF2BP2 in Cancer Therapy Resistance: From Molecular Mechanism to Future Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12150. [PMID: 39596216 PMCID: PMC11595103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor resistance is one of the primary reasons for cancer treatment failure, significantly limiting the options and efficacy of cancer therapies. Therefore, overcoming resistance has become a critical factor in improving cancer treatment outcomes. IGF2BP2, as a reader of m6A methylation, plays a pivotal role in the post-transcriptional regulation of RNA through the methylation of m6A sites. It not only contributes to cancer initiation and progression but also plays a key role in tumor drug resistance. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms by which IGF2BP2 contributes to therapy resistance, with the aim of improving the efficacy of chemotherapy in cancer treatment. Advancing research in this area is crucial for developing more effective therapies that could significantly improve the quality of life for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiarong Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chaojie Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jipeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zuao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xinchi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Neurological Diseases and Tumors of Jiangxi Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (D.L.); (S.H.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.)
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Liu Y, Yuan H, Fan J, Wang H, Xie H, Wan J, Hu X, Zhou J, Liu L. The pathogenesis mechanism and potential clinical value of lncRNA in gliomas. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:266. [PMID: 38967893 PMCID: PMC11226588 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, and its unique pathogenesis often leads to poor treatment outcomes and prognosis. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) divided gliomas into five categories based on their histological characteristics and molecular changes. Non-coding RNA is a type of RNA that does not encode proteins but can exert biological functions at the RNA level, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA with a length exceeding 200 nt. It is controlled by various transcription factors and plays an indispensable role in the regulatory processes in various cells. Numerous studies have confirmed that the dysregulation of lncRNA is critical in the pathogenesis, progression, and malignancy of gliomas. Therefore, this article reviews the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, immune regulation, glycolysis, stemness, and drug resistance changes caused by the dysregulation of lncRNA in gliomas, and summarizes their potential clinical significance in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - JingJia Fan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - HuiYu Xie
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - JunFeng Wan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - XueYing Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Dept Neurosurg, Affiliated Hosp, Southwest Med Univ, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Dept Neurosurg, Affiliated Hosp, Southwest Med Univ, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
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Kobayashi A, Kitagawa Y, Nasser A, Wakimoto H, Yamada K, Tanaka S. Emerging Roles and Mechanisms of RNA Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Glioma. Cells 2024; 13:457. [PMID: 38474421 PMCID: PMC10931090 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite a long history of research, neurodegenerative diseases and malignant brain tumor gliomas are both considered incurable, facing challenges in the development of treatments. Recent evidence suggests that RNA modifications, previously considered as static components of intracellular RNAs, are in fact dynamically regulated across various RNA species in cells and play a critical role in major biological processes in the nervous system. Innovations in next-generation sequencing have enabled the accurate detection of modifications on bases and sugars within various RNA molecules. These RNA modifications influence the stability and transportation of RNA, and crucially affect its translation. This review delves into existing knowledge on RNA modifications to offer a comprehensive inventory of these modifications across different RNA species. The detailed regulatory functions and roles of RNA modifications within the nervous system are discussed with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases and gliomas. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the fundamental mechanisms and emerging roles of RNA modifications in these diseases, which can facilitate the creation of innovative diagnostics and therapeutics for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yosuke Kitagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.); (A.N.); (H.W.)
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ali Nasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.); (A.N.); (H.W.)
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Y.K.); (A.N.); (H.W.)
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Keisuke Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0075, Japan; (K.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0075, Japan; (K.Y.); (S.T.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Wang D, Li H, Zeng T, Chen Q, Huang W, Huang Y, Liao Y, Jiang Q. Exosome-transmitted ANGPTL1 suppresses angiogenesis in glioblastoma by inhibiting the VEGFA/VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS pathway. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 387:578266. [PMID: 38150891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly vascularized malignancy that relies on new vessel generation, and thus targeting angiogenesis has been a promising anti-GBM approach. ANGPTL1 is well-known for its anti-angiogenic property; nevertheless, its role in GBM is yet to be explored. Recently, the crucial role of exosomes (Exos) as intercellular communication mediators has gained prominence in GBM therapy. This work aimed to explore the role of exosomal ANGPTL1 in GBM angiogenesis and its mechanisms. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was performed to evaluate ANGPTL expression in GBM. Human GBM cell lines (U87 and U251) and a xenograft mouse model were employed. Exos were isolated from oe-NC- and oe-ANGPTL-transfected bone mesenchymal stem cells and identified. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were detected. Immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying exosomal ANGPTL1 against GBM angiogenesis. Besides, tube generation and transmission electron microscope assays were conducted to assess GBM angiogenesis. RESULTS Low ANGPTL1 expression was observed in GBM tumor tissues and cells. Functionally, e-ANGPTL-Exos inhibited GBM malignant progression and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, e-ANGPTL-Exos reduced VEGFA expression and blocked the VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS pathway in GBM cells and tumor tissues. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed a link between ANGPTL1 and VEGFA in GBM cells. Notably, oe-VEGFA abolished the suppressive functions of e-ANGPTL-Exos in GBM progression and angiogenesis and the VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS axis. The VEGFR2 inhibitor, vandetanib, eliminated the promotive effects of oe-VEGFA on GBM angiogenesis with suppressed VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS pathway. CONCLUSIONS Exosomal ANGPTL1 suppressed GBM angiogenesis by inhibiting the VEGFA/VEGFR2/Akt/eNOS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Huichen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Tianxiang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weilong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yuqing Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qiuhua Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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