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Callander JK, Plonowska-Hirschfeld K, Gulati A, Chang JL, Ryan WR. Symptom Outcomes After Sialendoscopy-Assisted Salivary Duct Surgery: A Prospective 6-Year Study. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:792-800. [PMID: 35848880 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to evaluate the long-term impact of sialendoscopic-assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS) on sialadenitis symptoms using the Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire. METHODS The COSS questionnaire, which scores symptoms on a 0-100 scale, was administered prospectively to adult patients pre-operatively, 1-year, and 6-years post-operatively. We examined COSS scores and categories representing complete (<10), partial (10-25), and no (>25) resolution of symptoms with attention to factors significantly associated with incomplete resolution (≥10). RESULTS Approximately 6-years after SASDS, 111 patients reported scores for 128 symptomatic glands (72 with sialolithiasis, 56 without sialolithiasis). For glands with sialolithiasis, the median COSS score pre-SASDS was 27.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 13.5-43), which was significantly reduced to 1.0 (IQR: 0-5.5) at 1-year and 1.5 (IQR 0-5) at 6-years postoperatively. Glands without sialolithiasis had a median COSS score of 40.5 (IQR: 23-52.5) preoperatively, that significantly reduced to 13.5 (IQR 5-21) at 1-year and 14 (IQR 6.5-25.5) at 6-years post-operatively. There was no significant difference in scores from 1- to 6-years. Intraoperative presence of sialolith, absence of stenosis, stenosis in the distal duct, and submandibular gland involvement were significant predictors of complete resolution of symptoms at 6-years. CONCLUSION Approximately 6-years after SASDS for sialadenitis, the majority of patients have durable symptom improvement. The sialolithiasis group had higher rates of complete resolution compared to the non-sialolithiasis group. Presence of ductal stenosis on sialendoscopy, non-distal stenoses, and parotid gland involvement were risk factors for persistent long-term sialadenitis symptoms. Laryngoscope, 133:792-800, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn K Callander
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Karolina Plonowska-Hirschfeld
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Arushi Gulati
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Jolie L Chang
- Division of General Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Salivary Gland Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
- Surgery Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - William R Ryan
- Division of Head and Neck Oncologic and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Salivary Gland Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
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Ramazani F, Hamour A, Jeffery CC, Biron V, Alrajhi Y, O'Connell D, Côté DWJ. Development of a patient reported outcome instrument for chronic sialadenitis. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 51:4. [PMID: 35120574 PMCID: PMC8815140 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-022-00555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sialendoscopy assisted treatments are a minimally invasive management modality for chronic sialadenitis. Clinicians report improved patient quality of life (QoL) following sialendoscopy assisted treatments, but there exist gaps in current literature about patient reported outcomes (PROs). PROs are outcome measures developed based on patient perceptions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to create a PRO instrument for chronic sialadenitis, to assess the efficacy of sialendoscopy assisted treatments in improve patients' QoL. DESIGN This four-phase qualitative study employed grounded theory methodology and a modified Delphi technique. In Phase I, ten patients were interviewed to identify the QoL domains impacted by chronic sialadenitis. In Phase II, these QoL domains were presented to a focus group of different chronic sialadenitis patients, who were asked to rank them by order of importance. A conceptual framework of QoL domains impacted by chronic sialadenitis was created based on patient consensus. Itemization of the PRO questionnaire was done by a focus group of four Otolaryngologists in phase III. Lastly, the questionnaire was completed in Phase IV by cognitive interviewing of five new chronic sialadenitis patients; ensuring ease of understanding and clarity. RESULTS Patients identified 15 domains of QoL impacted by chronic sialadenitis, divided into three sub-scales: physical symptoms, psychosocial symptoms, and activity restriction. These domains provided the basis for creation of a 22-item PRO questionnaire, with a Likert-type response scale. CONCLUSION Clinical application of the novel questionnaire produced by this study will allow for a patient-centered assessment of the patient reported effectiveness of sialendoscopy assisted therapies for management of chronic sialadenitis. Level of evidence Level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ramazani
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Amr Hamour
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Caroline C Jeffery
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Vincent Biron
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Yaser Alrajhi
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Daniel O'Connell
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - David W J Côté
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, 1E4 Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada.
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Kanerva M, Tapiovaara L, Aro K, Saarinen R. Pediatric sialendoscopy: An 11-year study from a single tertiary care center. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 131:109869. [PMID: 31972384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the suitability, benefits, and limitations of sialendoscopy for pediatric patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of all pediatric sialendoscopy patients (aged 16 years or younger) in our tertiary care institution between September 2007 and October 2018. We characterized patient data, procedure-related factors, complications, and outcomes. RESULTS In total, 55 sialendoscopies were performed on 42 patients. Among these, 36 were diagnostic endoscopies and 19 were interventional. Five endoscopies were performed under local anesthesia. We identified 16 sialolithiasis patients, where removal of a sialolith was possible in 11 (69%) cases; one case required a second endoscopy. We removed two sialoliths under local anesthesia. Among recurrent juvenile parotitis (RJP) patients, 18/20 (90%) were symptom-free after a single sialendoscopy, and all after a second endoscopy. The median follow-up time was 70 months. We achieved a 95% success rate in sialendoscopies, with a failure-to-treat rate of 15%. The complication rate for the study cohort was 2%, with prolonged parotid swelling the only complication encountered. CONCLUSIONS Sialendoscopy represented a safe and effective method to treat pediatric patients. Local anesthesia was successful in selected cases, even for sialolith removal. Sialendoscopy had a soothing effect on RJP and the majority of sialoliths were suitable for endoscopic removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Kanerva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Laura Tapiovaara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Aro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Saarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Purpose To assess the susceptibility of salivary stones to bacterial biofilm formation, which may be involved in the development of salivary gland infection, and to investigate a relation between microbiological aspects and patient characteristics. Methods This prospective study comprises of 54 patients with sialolithiasis attended in Helsinki University Hospital during 2014–2016. A total of 55 salivary stones were removed, and studied for biofilm formation using fluorescence microscopy and sonication. The isolated organisms were quantified and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results Biofilm formation was confirmed on the surface of 39 (70.9%) stones. A total of 96 microorganisms were isolated from 45 salivary stones (81.8%). Two or more organisms were isolated in 33 (73.3%) cases. The main isolates were Streptococcus mitis/oralis (n = 27; 28.1%), followed by Streptococcus anginosus (n = 10; 9.6%), Rothia spp. (n = 8; 8.3%), Streptococcus constellatus (n = 7; 7.3%), and Streptococcus gordonii (n = 6; 6.2%). In all patients showing pre-operative (12 cases) or peri-operative (three cases) drainage of pus, the presence of biofilm was detected in microscopy (p = 0.004). Four patients showed post-operative infection, and in three of them (75.0%), the presence of biofilm was detected. Increased number of pus drainage was found among patients with reflux symptoms or use of proton-pump inhibitors. Conclusions Salivary stones are susceptible to bacterial biofilm formation, which could be related with the development and severity of the inflammation and the refractory nature of the disease. Sonication of salivary gland stones could be a useful method for finding the etiology of the chronic infection.
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Jokela J, Tapiovaara L, Lundberg M, Haapaniemi A, Bäck L, Saarinen R. A Prospective Observational Study of Complications in 140 Sialendoscopies. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 159:650-655. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599818782418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Jokela
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Tapiovaara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie Lundberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Bäck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Saarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Jokela J, Haapaniemi A, Mäkitie A, Saarinen R. Sialendoscopy in treatment of adult chronic recurrent parotitis without sialolithiasis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 275:775-781. [PMID: 29290052 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-017-4854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of sialendoscopy in the management of adult chronic recurrent parotitis without sialolithiasis. In addition, preliminary results of an initial randomized placebo-controlled trial of single-dose intraductal steroid injection given concurrently with sialendoscopy, are presented. METHODS Forty-nine adult patients with chronic recurrent parotitis without sialoliths were included in this study. They underwent sialendoscopy and were randomized to receive either a concurrent intraductal injection of isotonic saline solution or 125 mg of hydrocortisone. Symptom severity was evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) and by recording symptom frequency and course with a multiple-choice questionnaire completed preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. RESULTS The mean VAS score was 5.6 preoperatively and dropped to 2.9 at 3 months, 3.0 at 6 months, and 2.7 at 12 months after the procedure. The VAS score and the frequency of symptoms were significantly lower at 3 (p < 0.001), 6 (p < 0.001) and 12 (p < 0.001) months after the procedure when compared with the preoperative scores indicating that sialendoscopy reduces the symptoms of recurrent parotitis. However, complete permanent resolution of symptoms was rare. Single-dose steroid injection concomitant to sialendoscopy provided no additional benefit, but the current study is not sufficiently powered to determine a clinical difference between the steroid and non-steroid groups. CONLUSION Sialendoscopy appears to reduce the symptoms of chronic recurrent parotitis. While total permanent symptom remission is rare, sialendoscopy can be considered a safe and relatively efficacious treatment method for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Jokela
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Saarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Karagozoglu KH, De Visscher JG, Forouzanfar T, van der Meij EH, Jager DJ. Complications of Sialendoscopy in Patients With Sjögren Syndrome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 75:978-983. [PMID: 28481749 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent literature suggests that sialendoscopy of the major salivary glands could alleviate symptoms of Sjögren syndrome (SS) and restore salivary function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the authors' experience of sialendoscopy of the salivary glands in patients with SS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective case series study, the surgical data of patients with SS who had undergone sialendoscopy at the VU University Medical Center (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) from November 2014 through April 2015 were used. Outcome measurements were successful entry to the salivary gland and completion of sialendoscopy as planned. Furthermore, pre- and postoperative complications were scored. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed. RESULTS Surgical data of sialoendoscopic procedures in 26 patients with SS (24 women and 2 men; mean age, 57 yr; range, 27 to 72 yr) were analyzed. Sialendoscopy was successfully performed in 78 of 104 salivary glands (75%; 50 parotid and 28 submandibular glands) in the 26 patients. Sialendoscopy failed in 26 of the 104 sialoendoscopic procedures (25%; 2 parotid and 24 submandibular glands). In 16 salivary glands, the ductal orifice could not be identified. In 7 salivary glands, sialendoscopy could not be performed because of partial or complete stenosis of the salivary duct. In 3 salivary glands, sialendoscopy was not performed because of a ductal perforation. Three patients developed a postoperative infection. CONCLUSION The overall rate of complications was limited and the sialoendoscopic complications in patients with SS could be regarded as minor. Most complications were seen for sialendoscopy of the submandibular glands in this specific patient category. Careful preoperative selection of patients and salivary glands could contribute to a lower rate of complications and more predictable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hakki Karagozoglu
- Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and PhD Candidate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan G De Visscher
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Tymour Forouzanfar
- Professor and Department Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik H van der Meij
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Derk Jan Jager
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center; Center for Special Care Dentistry (SBT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Capaccio P, Torretta S, Di Pasquale D, Rossi V, Pignataro L. The role of interventional sialendoscopy and intraductal steroid therapy in patients with recurrentsine causasialadenitis: a prospective cross-sectional study. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:148-155. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Capaccio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - S. Torretta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - D. Di Pasquale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - V. Rossi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - L. Pignataro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
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