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Khamseh ME, Emami Z, Iranpour A, Mahmoodian R, Amouei E, Tizmaghz A, Moradi Y, Baradaran HR. Attitude and Belief of Healthcare Professionals Towards Effective Obesity Care and Perception of Barriers; An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:529-541. [PMID: 38310408 PMCID: PMC10862058 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a serious chronic disease that adversely affects health and quality of life. However, a significant percentage of people do not participate in or adhere to weight loss programs. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to identify critical barriers to effective obesity management and to examine health practitioners' attitudes and behaviors towards effective obesity treatment. METHODS This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. Eligible studies were identified through a systematic review of the literature using Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases from January 1, 2011 to March 2, 2021. RESULTS A total of 57 articles were included. Data on 12663 physicians were extracted from a total of 35 quantitative articles. Some of the most commonly perceived attitude issues included "obesity has a huge impact on overall health", "obesity is a disease" and "HCPs are to blame". Health professionals were more inclined to believe in "using BMI to assess obesity," "advice to increase physical activity," and "diet/calorie reduction advice." The major obstacles to optimal treatment of obesity were "lack of motivation", "lack of time" and "lack of success". CONCLUSION Although the majority of health care professionals consider obesity as a serious disease which has a large impact on overall health, counseling for lifestyle modification, pharmacologic or surgical intervention occur in almost half of the visits. Increasing the length of physician visits as well as tailoring appropriate training programs could improve health care for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad E. Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Emami
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iranpour
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Mahmoodian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Erfan Amouei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adnan Tizmaghz
- Department of Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hamid R Baradaran
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Team, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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Almubark RA, Alqahtani S, Isnani AC, Alqarni A, Shams M, Yahia M, Alfadda AA. Gender Differences in the Attitudes and Management of People with Obesity in Saudi Arabia: Data from the ACTION-IO Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1179-1188. [PMID: 35685203 PMCID: PMC9172923 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s346206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several studies have investigated gender differences in various obesity-related outcomes. Females were found to have more accurate weight perception and reported more frequency of attempted weight loss. The objective of this study was to assess gender differences in the attitudes and management of people with obesity (PwO) in Saudi Arabia using data from the ACTION-IO study. Patients and Methods A survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia in June and July 2018 on adults with obesity (based on self-reported body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2). Results A total of 1000 people with obesity completed the survey; 565 (56.5%) were male (mean age of 36.9 years and mean BMI of 33.5 kg/m2) and 435 (43.5%) were female (mean age of 36.3 years and mean BMI of 34.5 kg/m2). The two most reported motivations for wanting to lose weight for both groups were to improve appearance (38%) and to have more energy (35%). Females were more likely to trust their health-care provider (HCP) advice about weight management when compared to males (87% females, 82% males, p = 0.059) and were more likely to have concerns regarding long-term safety associated with prescription weight loss medications (65% female versus 59% males, p = 0.043). On the other hand, males were more likely to seek their physician to prescribe weight loss medication if they hear of a new medication (55% males versus 46% females, p = 0.014), and more to believe that there are good options available for weight loss medications (74% males versus 67% females, p = 0.040). Also, more males prefer to take weight loss medications than to have a weight loss surgery (65% males, 59% females, p = 0.054). Conclusion Overall, this study increases our understanding on the attitudes of both females and males towards the management of weight loss and opens the discussion for gender-specific weight loss interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saleh Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arthur C Isnani
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqarni
- King Abdulaziz Hospital and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Ahsa, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Assim A Alfadda
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Assim A Alfadda, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Tel + 966 11 4671315, Email
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Practical Approaches to Treating Obesity: Patient and Healthcare Professional Perspectives. Adv Ther 2021; 38:4138-4150. [PMID: 33929659 PMCID: PMC8085475 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic and treatable disease carrying risk for numerous health complications, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and certain cancers. While there is a great need to address the topic in clinical practice, healthcare professionals (HCPs) often struggle to initiate conversations about weight. In this paper, guidance on how to raise and address the subject of weight with individuals is provided from an HCP and patient perspective using the 5As framework. This model facilitates advising individuals on the benefits of weight loss and supports them to develop achievable and sustainable weight management plans. With obesity rates still rising across the globe, it is imperative that more HCPs become skilled in raising and addressing the issue.
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Sbraccia P, Busetto L, Santini F, Mancuso M, Nicoziani P, Nicolucci A. Misperceptions and barriers to obesity management: Italian data from the ACTION-IO study. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:817-828. [PMID: 32385580 PMCID: PMC8004527 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity in Italy, it remains largely underdiagnosed and undertreated. We aimed to identify the perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and barriers to effective obesity care among people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Italy. METHODS The ACTION-IO study was an online cross-sectional survey conducted in 11 countries from June to October 2018. Findings from the Italian cohort are reported here. RESULTS The survey was completed by 1501 PwO and 302 HCPs in Italy. Most PwO (84%) and HCPs (77%) acknowledged the large impact of obesity on overall health. However, fewer PwO (62%) than HCPs (91%) perceived obesity as a chronic disease. Most PwO (84%) assumed full responsibility for their weight loss. A median of 3 (mean 6) years elapsed between when PwO started struggling with obesity and when they first discussed their weight with an HCP. Many PwO expressed that they liked (80%) or would like (74%) their HCPs to initiate weight management conversations, and only 3% were offended by such a conversation. For 77% of HCPs, perceiving their patients as unmotivated or disinterested in losing weight prevented them from initiating these conversations. Short appointment times were also considered a limiting factor for 40% of HCPs. CONCLUSIONS Most PwO took complete responsibility for their own weight loss and waited considerable time before seeking help from an HCP. There is a need for improved education of both PwO and HCPs and for a more positive attitude from HCPs towards initiating weight discussions with PwO. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: Awareness, Care & Treatment in Obesity Management - an International Observation (ACTION-IO). ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03584191 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sbraccia
- Internal Medicine Unit and Obesity Center, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Busetto
- Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Nicolucci
- Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Pescara, Italy
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Caterson ID, Alfadda AA, Auerbach P, Coutinho W, Cuevas A, Dicker D, Hughes C, Iwabu M, Kang J, Nawar R, Reynoso R, Rhee N, Rigas G, Salvador J, Sbraccia P, Vázquez‐Velázquez V, Halford JC. Gaps to bridge: Misalignment between perception, reality and actions in obesity. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:1914-1924. [PMID: 31032548 PMCID: PMC6767048 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite increased recognition as a chronic disease, obesity remains greatly underdiagnosed and undertreated. We aimed to identify international perceptions, attitudes, behaviours and barriers to effective obesity care in people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey was conducted in 11 countries. Participants were adults with obesity and HCPs who were primarily concerned with direct patient care. RESULTS A total of 14 502 PwO and 2785 HCPs completed the survey. Most PwO (68%) and HCPs (88%) agreed that obesity is a disease. However, 81% of PwO assumed complete responsibility for their own weight loss and only 44% of HCPs agreed that genetics were a barrier. There was a median of three (mean, six) years between the time PwO began struggling with excess weight or obesity and when they first discussed their weight with an HCP. Many PwO were concerned about the impact of excess weight on health (46%) and were motivated to lose weight (48%). Most PwO (68%) would like their HCP to initiate a conversation about weight and only 3% were offended by such a conversation. Among HCPs, belief that patients have little interest in or motivation for weight management may constitute a barrier for weight management conversations. When discussed, HCPs typically recommended lifestyle changes; however, more referrals and follow-up appointments are required. CONCLUSIONS Our international dataset reveals a need to increase understanding of obesity and improve education concerning its physiological basis and clinical management. Realization that PwO are motivated to lose weight offers an opportunity for HCPs to initiate earlier weight management conversations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D. Caterson
- Boden InstituteCharles Perkins Centre, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Assim A Alfadda
- Obesity Research Center and Department of MedicineCollege of Medicine, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Walmir Coutinho
- Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, State Institute of Diabetes and EndocrinologyRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Ada Cuevas
- Departamento de NutriciónClínica Las CondesSantiagoChile
| | - Dror Dicker
- Internal Medicine D, Hasharon Hospital Rabin Medical CenterPetah TikvaIsrael
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Carly Hughes
- Fakenham Weight Management ServiceFakenham Medical PracticeNorfolkUK
- University of East AngliaNorfolkUK
| | - Masato Iwabu
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic DiseasesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Jae‐Heon Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Rita Nawar
- The Weight Care Clinic, Dubai Healthcare CityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Georgia Rigas
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | - Javier Salvador
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionClínica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y NutriciónInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMajadahondaSpain
| | - Paolo Sbraccia
- Department of Systems MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | - Verónica Vázquez‐Velázquez
- Clínica de Obesidad y Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránCiudad de MéxicoMexico
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Atlantis E, Kormas N, Samaras K, Fahey P, Sumithran P, Glastras S, Wittert G, Fusco K, Bishay R, Markovic T, Ding L, Williams K, Caterson I, Chikani V, Dugdale P, Dixon J. Clinical Obesity Services in Public Hospitals in Australia: a position statement based on expert consensus. Clin Obes 2018; 8:203-210. [PMID: 29683555 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to describe the current state of specialist obesity services for adults with clinically severe obesity in public hospitals in Australia, and to analyse the gap in resources based on expert consensus. We conducted two surveys to collect information about current and required specialist obesity services and resources using open-ended questionnaires. Organizational level data were sought from clinician expert representatives of specialist obesity services across Australia in 2017. Fifteen of 16 representatives of current services in New South Wales (n = 8), Queensland (n = 1), Victoria (n = 2), South Australia (n = 3), and the Australian Capital Territory (n = 1) provided data. The composition of services varied substantially between hospitals, and patient access to services and effective treatments were limited by strict entry criteria (e.g. body mass index 40 kg/m2 or higher with specific complication/s), prolonged wait times, geographical location (major cities only) and out-of-pocket costs. Of these services, 47% had a multidisciplinary team (MDT), 53% had an exercise physiologist/physiotherapist, 53% had a bariatric surgeon and 33% had pharmacotherapy resources. Key gaps included staffing components of the MDT (psychologist, exercise physiologist/physiotherapist) and access to publicly funded weight loss pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. There was consensus on the need for significant improvements in staff, physical infrastructure, access to services, education/training in obesity medicine and targeted research funding. Based on the small number of existing, often under-resourced specialist obesity services that are located only in a few major cities, the vast majority of Australians with clinically severe obesity cannot access the specialist evidence based treatments needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Atlantis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- Capital Markets Cooperative Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - N Kormas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Campbelltown and Camden Hospitals, Sydney, Australia
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Translational Research Unit, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Samaras
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - P Fahey
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - P Sumithran
- Austin Health Weight Control Clinic, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Austin Health), University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - S Glastras
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
| | - G Wittert
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - K Fusco
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - R Bishay
- Metabolic and Weight Loss Clinic, University Clinics, Western Sydney University, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - T Markovic
- Boden Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - L Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Williams
- Sydney Medical School (Nepean), Sydney, Australia
- Nepean Family Obesity Services, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - I Caterson
- Boden Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - V Chikani
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Dugdale
- Centre for Health Stewardship, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Chronic Disease Management Unit, Australian Capital Territory Health Directorate, Canberra, Australia
| | - J Dixon
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
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Bucher Della Torre S, Courvoisier DS, Saldarriaga A, Martin XE, Farpour-Lambert NJ. Knowledge, attitudes, representations and declared practices of nurses and physicians about obesity in a university hospital: training is essential. Clin Obes 2018; 8:122-130. [PMID: 29327430 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the context of a worldwide obesity epidemic, healthcare providers play a key role in obesity management. Knowledge of current guidelines and attitudes to prevent stigmatization are especially important. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, perception of opportunity for intervention, declared practices and need for training and material of nurses and physicians about obesity in a Swiss University Hospital. A total of 834 physicians and nurses filled an online survey. The questionnaire was based on literature, exploratory interviews and expert committee review. It was pre-tested with 15 physicians and nurses. Participants declared a low level of negative attitudes towards individuals living with obesity. However, the results highlighted a lack of knowledge to diagnose obesity in adults and children, as well as confidence and training to care of patients with obesity. One-third of providers did not know how to calculate body mass index. Half of providers felt it was part of their role to take care of patients with obesity, even if 55% of them had the feeling that they did not have adequate training. Nurses and physicians working in a university hospital showed a low level of negative attitudes but a lack of knowledge and skills on obesity management. Training should be improved in this population to insure adequate and coherent messages and equal access to evidence-based treatment for patients living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bucher Della Torre
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences - Geneva, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D S Courvoisier
- Quality of Care Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Saldarriaga
- Department of Public Education, Geneva Child and Youth Health Service, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - X E Martin
- Health and Movement Consultation, Unit of Pediatric Cardiology, Service of Pediatric Specialties, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - N J Farpour-Lambert
- Obesity Prevention and Care Program, Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Metcalf M, Rossie K, Stokes K, Tanner B. The Perceptions of Medical School Students and Faculty Toward Obesity Medicine Education: Survey and Needs Analysis. JMIR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 3:e22. [PMID: 29122740 PMCID: PMC5701085 DOI: 10.2196/mededu.7361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent trends in obesity show that over two-thirds of US adults are considered at least overweight (body mass index, BMI≥25 kg/m2) and of those, about one-third are categorized as obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2). Physicians can address the health impacts of obesity; yet research has suggested that physicians-in-training frequently fail to recognize obesity, are not properly educated regarding treatment options, and spend relatively little clinic time treating obesity. Medical school is a unique opportunity to address this area of need so that the doctors of tomorrow are prepared to treat obesity appropriately. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine perceptions of where clinical training for medical students on the topic of obesity and its treatment should improve and expand so that we could address the needs identified in a computerized clinical simulation. METHODS We conducted a literature review, as well as a needs analysis with medical school students (N=17) and faculty (N=12). Literature review provided an overview of the current state of the field. Students provided input on their current needs, learning preferences, and opinions. Faculty provided feedback on current training and their perceptions of future needs. RESULTS Most students were familiar with obesity medicine from various courses where obesity medicine was a subtopic, most frequently in Biochemistry or Nutrition, Endocrinology, and Wellness courses. Student knowledge about basic skills, such as measuring waist circumference, varied widely. About half of the students did not feel knowledgeable about recommending weight loss treatments. Most students did not feel prepared to provide interventions for patients in various categories of overweight/obesity, patients with psychosocial issues, obesity-related comorbidities, or failed weight loss attempts. However, most students did feel that it was their role as health professionals to provide these interventions. Faculty rated the following topics as most important to supplement the curriculum: patient-centered treatment of weight, bringing up the topic of weight, discussing weight and well-being, discussing the relationship between weight and comorbidities, and physician role with overweight or obese patients. CONCLUSIONS A review of the literature as well as surveyed medical students and faculty identified a need for supplementation of the current obesity medicine curriculum in medical schools. Specific needed topics and skills were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Metcalf
- Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Karen Rossie
- Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Katie Stokes
- Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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A Smartphone Application for Personal Assessments of Body Composition and Phenotyping. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16122163. [PMID: 27999316 PMCID: PMC5191142 DOI: 10.3390/s16122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Personal assessments of body phenotype can enhance success in weight management but are limited by the lack of availability of practical methods. We describe a novel smart phone application of digital photography (DP) and determine its validity to estimate fat mass (FM). This approach utilizes the percent (%) occupancy of an individual lateral whole-body digital image and regions indicative of adipose accumulation associated with increased risk of cardio-metabolic disease. We measured 117 healthy adults (63 females and 54 males aged 19 to 65 years) with DP and dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and report here the development and validation of this application. Inter-observer variability of the determination of % occupancy was 0.02%. Predicted and reference FM values were significantly related in females (R2 = 0.949, SEE = 2.83) and males (R2 = 0.907, SEE = 2.71). Differences between predicted and measured FM values were small (0.02 kg, p = 0.96 and 0.07 kg, p = 0.96) for females and males, respectively. No significant bias was found; limits of agreement ranged from 5.6 to −5.4 kg for females and from 5.6 to −5.7 kg for males. These promising results indicate that DP is a practical and valid method for personal body composition assessments.
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Hainer V, Tsigos C, Toplak H, Micic D. Comment on the Paper by Uerlich et al: Obesity Management in Europe: Current Status and Objectives for the Future. Obes Facts 2016;9:273-283. Obes Facts 2016; 9:392-396. [PMID: 27898413 PMCID: PMC5644818 DOI: 10.1159/000452249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Hainer
- Obesity Management Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Constantine Tsigos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Hermann Toplak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dragan Micic
- Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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