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Bützer P, Brühwiler D, Bützer MR, Al-Godari N, Cadalbert M, Giger M, Schär S. Indigo-A New Tribological Substance Class for Non-Toxic and Ecological Gliding Surfaces on Ice, Snow, and Water. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030883. [PMID: 35160831 PMCID: PMC8837992 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The biogenic substance E-indigo can form supramolecular, hydrophobic structures using self-organization. These structures show a low coefficient of friction as a gliding layer against polar surfaces. The formation of primary particles with platelet morphology based on hydrogen-bonded E-indigo molecules is ideal to produce the gliding layer. Structures with excellent gliding properties can be achieved by means of directed friction and high pressure, as well as through tempering. The resulting hard, thin gliding layer of E-indigo does not easily absorb dirt and, thus, prevents a rapid increase in friction. Field tests on snow, with cross-country skis, have shown promising results in comparison to fluorinated and non-fluorinated waxes. Based on quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) data for E-indigo, and its isomers and tautomers, it has been demonstrated that both the application and abrasion of the thin indigo layers are harmless to health, and are ecologically benign and, therefore, sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bützer
- Isantin GmbH, 9450 Altstätten, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (D.B.)
| | - Dominik Brühwiler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (N.A.-G.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Nassim Al-Godari
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (N.A.-G.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Michelle Cadalbert
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (N.A.-G.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Mathias Giger
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (N.A.-G.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sandro Schär
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; (N.A.-G.); (M.C.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
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Warshaw EM, Buonomo M, DeKoven JG, Atwater AR, Reeder MJ, Belsito DV, Silverberg JI, Taylor JS, Maibach HI, Zug KA, Sasseville D, Fowler JF, Pratt MD, DeLeo VA, Zirwas MJ. Patch testing with sodium disulfite: North American Contact Dermatitis Group experience, 2017 to 2018. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:285-296. [PMID: 33843061 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium disulfite (SD), also known as sodium metabisulfite, is an increasingly recognized cause of allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVES The objective of this work was to characterize individuals with positive patch test reactions to SD as well as analyse reaction strength, clinical relevance, and sources. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of patients patch tested with SD (1% petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG), 2017 to 2018. RESULTS Of 4885 patients patch tested with SD, 132 (2.7%) had a positive reaction. Common primary anatomic sites of dermatitis were face (28.8%), hands (20.5%), and a scattered/generalized distribution (13.6%). Compared with SD-negative patients, SD-positive patients were more likely male (odds ratio 2.81, 95% confidence interval 1.98-4.00) and/or over 40 years (odds ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.30-2.94). Reactions were most commonly + (50.4%) or ++ (34.1%); 65.2% were considered currently relevant. About 15.2% were definitively confirmed in sources, commonly personal care products (18.9%, especially hair dye), and drugs/medications/alcoholic beverages (9.1%). Only 2.3% of positive reactions were linked to occupation. CONCLUSIONS Positive reactions to SD occurred in 2.7% of tested patients. Reactions were often clinically relevant and linked to personal care products and drugs/medications/alcoholic beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Warshaw
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michele Buonomo
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joel G DeKoven
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amber R Atwater
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margo J Reeder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Donald V Belsito
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical School, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - James S Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Howard I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kathryn A Zug
- Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph F Fowler
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Melanie D Pratt
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent A DeLeo
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Matt J Zirwas
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio, USA
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Wilkinson SM, Badulici S, Giménez-Arnau A, Dickel H, Gonçalo M, Hervella M, Isaksson M, Johansen JD, Mahler V, Thyssen JP, Uter W. The European baseline series: Criteria for allergen inclusion (with reference to formaldehyde releasers). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:125-128. [PMID: 33745196 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Existing criteria for inclusion in the European baseline series are summarized. Additional criteria are developed to aid decision making where the current criteria do not yield an unequivocal result. These include a consideration of whether an allergen (hapten) is better placed in a special series and the frequency with which an allergen cross-reacts with existing markers in the baseline series.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton CSU, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ana Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autónoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcos Hervella
- Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Mobolaji-Lawal M, Nedorost S. The Role of Textiles in Dermatitis: An Update. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2015; 15:17. [PMID: 26130475 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-015-0518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dermatitis has important implications for individuals who are affected. It can significantly impair function and quality of life. Dermatitis is multi-factorial and often includes elements of atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, and irritant contact dermatitis in a co-existent manner. Textiles are in contact with the human skin for extended periods of time and as a result, they are an important part of the cutaneous environment. Thus, it is not surprising that textiles play a major role in both the etiology and the treatment of various types of dermatitis. This review discusses the role of textiles in dermatitis with an emphasis on interesting and recent advances, trends, perspectives, gaps, and conflicts in the field. In addition, we mention other disease processes to be aware of as they can often mimic textile pattern dermatitis. Lastly, we provide a diagnostic approach for patients presenting with textile pattern dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motunrayo Mobolaji-Lawal
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA,
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