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Ruini C, Daxenberger F, Gust C, Schuh S, French LE, Welzel J, Sattler EC. [Advances in optical coherence tomography]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:1048-1057. [PMID: 34698874 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been able to establish itself in recent years not only in academic-scientific, but also in everyday dermatological practice. Its focus lies on epithelial tumors of the skin, which can be diagnosed intuitively and within a few seconds. Thus, basal cell carcinomas, actinic keratoses, and different stages of field cancerization can be diagnosed and monitored for response to therapy or possible recurrence. This often helps to avoid invasive sample extraction. Recently, the field of OCT and its latest advancement, dynamic OCT (D-OCT), has been expanded to include non-oncologic dermatological diseases. This encompasses inflammatory dermatoses and the analysis of physiological skin parameters such as hydration. Thanks to automated vascular imaging and the measurement of objective parameters such as epidermal thickness, blood flow at depth, optical attenuation coefficient, and skin roughness, more and more characteristics of the skin can be studied in a noninvasive and standardized way. New potential areas of application are eczema, contact allergic dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, telangiectasia, acute and chronic wounds, melasma and nevus flammeus but also melanocytic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristel Ruini
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland. .,Doctorate School (PhD) in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italien.
| | - Fabia Daxenberger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland
| | - Charlotte Gust
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland
| | - Sandra Schuh
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Deutschland
| | - Lars E French
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.,Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Julia Welzel
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Augsburg, Deutschland
| | - Elke C Sattler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland
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Ruini C, Kendziora B, Ergun EZ, Sattler E, Gust C, French LE, Bağcı IS, Hartmann D. In vivo examination of healthy human skin after short-time treatment with moisturizers using confocal Raman spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography: Preliminary observations. Skin Res Technol 2021; 28:119-132. [PMID: 34555219 PMCID: PMC9907652 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Skin is our barrier against environmental damage. Moisturizers are widely used to increase hydration and barrier integrity of the skin; however, there are contrasting observations on their in vivo effects in real-life settings. In cosmetic studies, corneometers and tewameters are traditionally used to assess skin hydration. In this study, two novel noninvasive diagnostic techniques, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal Raman spectroscopy, were used to analyze stratum corneum and epidermal thickness (ET), water content, blood flow in function of depth, skin roughness, attenuation coefficient, natural moisturizing factor, ceramides and free fatty acids, cholesterol, urea, and lactates in 20 female subjects aged between 30 and 45 before and after 2 weeks application of a commercially available moisturizing lotion on one forearm. The untreated forearm served as control. A third measurement was conducted 1 week after cessation of moisturizing to verify whether the changes in the analyzed parameters persisted. We noticed a reduction in skin roughness, an increase in ceramides and free fatty acids and a not statistically significant increase in ET. As a conclusion, short time moisturizing appears insufficient to provide significant changes in skin morphology and composition, as assessed by OCT and RS. Novel noninvasive imaging methods are suitable for the evaluation of skin response to topical moisturizers. Further studies on larger sample size and longer treatment schedules are needed to analyze changes under treatment with moisturizers and to standardize the use of novel noninvasive diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristel Ruini
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,PhD School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Benjamin Kendziora
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ecem Z Ergun
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elke Sattler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotte Gust
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.,Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Işın Sinem Bağcı
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daniela Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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