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Zieff G, Stone K, Paterson C, Fryer S, Diana J, Blackwell J, Meyer ML, Stoner L. Pulse-wave velocity assessments derived from a simple photoplethysmography device: Agreement with a referent device. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1108219. [PMID: 36824455 PMCID: PMC9941627 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1108219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Pulse-wave velocity (PWV), a common measure of arterial stiffness, can be measured continuously and across multiple body sites using photoplethysmography (PPG). The objective was to determine whether a simple photoplethysmography PPG PWV method agrees with a referent device. Approach Photoplethysmography heart-finger PWV (hfPWV) and heart-toe PWV (htPWV) were compared to oscillometric carotid-wrist PWV (cwPWV) and carotid-ankle PWV (caPWV) referent measurements, respectively. In 30 adults (24.6 ± 4.8 years, body mass index 25.2 ± 5.9 kg/m2, 18 female), three measurements were made: two supine baseline measurements (Base 1, Base 2) and one measurement (Tilt) 5 min after a modified head-up tilt test (mHUTT). Overall agreement and repeated measures agreement (change in PPG PWV from Base to Tilt vs. change in referent PWV from Base to Tilt) were calculated using linear mixed models. Agreement estimates were expressed as intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Main results For hfPWV there was strong overall agreement (ICC: 0.77, 95%CI: 0.67-0.85), but negligible and non-significant repeated measures agreement (ICC: 0.10, 95%CI: -0.18 to 0.36). For htPWV, there was moderate overall agreement (ICC:0.50, 95%CI: 0.31-0.65) and strong repeated measures agreement (ICC: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.69-0.89). Significance Photoplethysmography can continuously measure PWV at multiple arterial segments with moderate-strong overall agreement. While further work with upper-limb PPG PWV is needed, PPG can adequately capture acute changes in lower-limb PWV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Zieff
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Gabriel Zieff,
| | - Keeron Stone
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Paterson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Fryer
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Diana
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jade Blackwell
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Michelle L. Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Fryer S, Paterson C, Turner L, Moinuddin A, Faulkner J, Stoner L, Daykin A, Stone K. Localized activity attenuates the combined impact of a high fat meal and prolonged sitting on arterial stiffness: A randomized, controlled cross-over trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1107456. [PMID: 36818445 PMCID: PMC9929358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1107456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to acute prolonged sitting and consumption of a high fat (HF) meal have been shown to independently and additively impair central and peripheral cardiovascular function. This study sought to determine whether localized activity, namely leg fidgeting, offers a protective effect to these deleterious effects. Using a randomized crossover design with three trials, 18 healthy males sat uninterrupted for 180 min following the consumption of a low fat (LF, trial 1) or HF meal (trial 2). The third trial consisted of a HF meal but sitting was interrupted with 1 min of leg fidgeting (isolated bilateral plantar flexion) consisting of -250 taps per min every 5 min for the 180 min duration. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral blood flow, shear-rate and PWVβ, triglyceride concentrations and lower-limb venous pooling (HHb) were assessed pre and post sitting in all trials. General linear mixed model found that following the uninterrupted HF trial, there was a significant worsening of cfPWV (mean difference (MD) = 0.57 mˑs-1; d = 1.04) and the af-SG (MD = 0.14, d = 0.50), and femoral artery blood flow (MD = 18 mlˑmin-1; d = 0.48) and shear rate (MD = 15 S1; d = 0.67) decreased. However, leg fidgeting was enough to prevent the combined deleterious effects of prolonged sitting following a HF meal. As there were no significant changes in the LF trial, the HF meal maybe the predominant driver when uninterrupted sitting is combined with a HF meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fryer
- School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Simon Fryer,
| | - Craig Paterson
- School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom,Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Louise Turner
- School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
| | - Arsalan Moinuddin
- School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
| | - James Faulkner
- Department of Sport and Exercise, University of Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Anne Daykin
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Keeron Stone
- School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom,Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Paterson C, Higgins S, Sikk M, Stone K, Fryer S, Stoner L. Acute sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease research: standardizing the methodological posture. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H122-H125. [PMID: 36525481 PMCID: PMC9829480 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00492.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior has been identified as an independent predictor of future cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality. To explain this association, a growing body of literature has sought to investigate the physiological underpinnings of this association with the goal of developing a biologically plausible model. In time, this biologically plausible model can be tested, and effective, translatable public health guidelines can be developed. However, to ensure that evidence across studies can be effectively synthesized, it is necessary to ensure their congruency and comparability. Although there are several key factors that should be considered and controlled across prolonged sitting studies, one pertinent issue is that of participant posture. There is currently a discourse within the literature regarding the posture that cardiovascular assessments are performed in and rest periods between posture transitions and subsequent measures. This perspectives piece makes the case for standardizing approaches across the research area and offers practical recommendations for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Paterson
- 1Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Simon Higgins
- 1Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Merilin Sikk
- 2Department of Sport, Hartpury University, Hartpury, United Kingdom
| | - Keeron Stone
- 3Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Fryer
- 4School of Natural, Social, and Sport Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Stoner
- 1Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,5Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Fryer S, Stone K, Paterson C, Brown M, Faulkner J, Lambrick D, Credeur D, Zieff G, Martínez Aguirre-Betolaza A, Stoner L. Central and peripheral arterial stiffness responses to uninterrupted prolonged sitting combined with a high-fat meal: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:1332-1340. [PMID: 34334790 PMCID: PMC8490151 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Independently, prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the consumption of a meal high in saturated fats acutely disrupt normal cardiovascular function. Currently, the acute effects of these behaviors performed in combination on arterial stiffness, a marker of cardiovascular health, are unknown. This study sought to determine the effect of consuming a high-fat meal (Δ = 51 g fat) in conjunction with prolonged uninterrupted sitting (180 min) on measures of central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Using a randomized crossover design, 13 young healthy males consumed a high-fat (61 g) or low-fat (10 g) meal before 180 min of uninterrupted sitting. Carotid-femoral (cf) and femoral-ankle (fa) pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral PWV beta (β), and oscillometric pulse wave analysis outcomes were assessed pre and post sitting. cfPWV increased significantly more following the high-fat (mean difference [MD] = 0.59 m·s-1) meal than following the low-fat (MD = 0.2 m·s-1) meal, with no change in faPWV in either condition. The af-SG significantly decreased (worsened) (ηp2 = 0.569) over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ratio = 0.1 and 0.1, respectively). Superficial femoral PWVβ significantly increased over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ηp2 = 0.321; 0.8 and 0.4 m·s-1, respectively). Triglycerides increased over time in the high-fat trial only (ηp2 = 0.761). There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Consuming a high-fat meal prior to 180 min of uninterrupted sitting augments markers of cardiovascular disease risk more than consuming a low-fat meal prior to sitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fryer
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire, UK.
| | - Keeron Stone
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Craig Paterson
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Meghan Brown
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - James Faulkner
- Department of Sport and Exercise, University of Winchester, Hampshire, UK
| | | | - Daniel Credeur
- Department of Biology, Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, FL, USA
| | - Gabriel Zieff
- Department of Sport and Exercise, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aitor Martínez Aguirre-Betolaza
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Sport and Exercise, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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