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Nabbout M, Langham MC, Cottrell C, Wehrli FW. Quantification of neurovascular compliance with retrospectively gated phase-contrast MRI. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 37:307-314. [PMID: 38194215 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurovascular compliance (NVC) is the change in the brain's arterial tree blood volume, ΔV, divided by the change in intra-vascular blood pressure, ΔP, during the cardiac cycle. The primary aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of MRI measurement of NVC obtained from time-resolved measurements of internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA) flow rates. A secondary aim was to explore whether NVC could be estimated from common carotid (CCA) flow in conjunction with prior knowledge of mean ICA and VA fractional flow rates, given the small cross-section of ICA and VA in some populations, in particular small children. METHODS ΔV was quantified from the blood flow rate measured at the ICA and VA for actual NVC derivation. It was further estimated from individually measured CCA flow rate and mean flow fractions ICA/CCA and VA/CCA (which could alternatively be obtained from literature data), to yield estimated NVC. Time-resolved blood flow rate in CCA, ICA and VA was obtained via retrospectively-gated 2D PC-MRI at 1.5 T in healthy subjects (N = 16, 8 women, mean age 36 ± 13 years). ΔP was determined via a brachial pressure measurement. RESULTS Actual and estimated mean NVC were 27 ± 15 and 38 ± 15 μL/mmHg, respectively, and the two measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.80; p = 0.0002) with test-retest intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.964 and 0.899. CONCLUSION Both methods yielded excellent retest precision. In spite of a large bias, actual and estimated NVC were strongly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Nabbout
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael C Langham
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christiana Cottrell
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic, and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Rajasekaran S, Mitra S, Parkhi M, Das A, Bhattacharyya S, Gupta R, Gupta V, Kurdia K, Kalra N, Duseja A. Clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical spectrum of hepatolithiasis: a tertiary care center-based study from north India. Virchows Arch 2024; 484:491-505. [PMID: 37550583 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatolithiasis (HL), an uncommon disease among Indians, occurs due to a complex interplay of various structural and functional factors. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and histopathological spectrum of HL (N = 19) with immunohistochemical evaluation for biliary apomucins and canalicular transporter proteins, both crucial for lithogenesis. Nineteen surgically resected cases were included. Histopathology was systematically evaluated. Immunohistochemistry for apomucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC6) and canalicular transporter proteins (BSEP and MDR3) was applied to all cases. The median age was 51 years with female preponderance (F:M = 1.4:1). The stone was cholesterol-rich in 71.4% and pigmented in 28.6% (n = 14). Histopathology showed variable large bile-duct thickening due to fibrosis and inflammation with peribiliary gland hyperplasia. Structural causes (Caroli disease, choledochal cyst, and post-surgical complication) were noted in 15.8% of cases (secondary HL). Expression of gel-forming apomucin MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC was seen in either bile duct epithelia or peribiliary glands in 84.2%, 10.5%, and 84.2% cases respectively. Loss of canalicular expression of MDR3 was noted in 42.1% of cases while BSEP was retained in all. Primary HL in the north Indian population can be associated with the loss of MDR3 expression (with retained BSEP) and/ or a shift in the phenotype of biliary apomucins to gel-forming apomucins. The former factor alters the bile acid/ phospholipid ratio while the latter parameter promulgates crystallization. In conjunction, these factors are responsible for the dominantly cholesterol-rich stones in the index population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suvradeep Mitra
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Mayur Parkhi
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashim Das
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kailash Kurdia
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | - Naveen Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, PGIMER, 160012, Chandigarh, India
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Ogundare E, Babatola A, Omoyajowo A, Ajite A, Adeniyi A, Fatunla O, Ojo T, Agbesanwa T, Olubosede O, Taiwo A, Oluyi A, Ajibola A, Komolafe A, Airemionkhale A, Oluwayemi I, Olatunya O. Breastfeeding: Knowledge, Perception, And Intention to Practice Among Female Students of Tertiary Institutions in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2023; 44:15-28. [PMID: 34353176 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211034349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breastfeeding is a public health practice that is critical for the survival of infants and young children. This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude, and future intention to breastfeed among female undergraduates in tertiary institutions in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 1312 female students of the tertiary institutions in Ekiti State. By convenience sampling, female students were invited to participate in the study after giving verbal consent and those studying medical, nursing, and other courses allied to medicine were excluded. Internal consistency of the data obtained from this research instrument was determined using Cronbach's coefficient Alpha with a reliability value of 0.82. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were computed. Results were summarized as frequencies and percentages. The differences in knowledge, attitude, and intention to practice breastfeeding as well as other responses among the participants were compared among age groups, faculties and the sources of information using Chi-square test. RESULT Although 93% of the respondents agreed that breast milk is important for the development of the infant's brain thereby demonstrating good knowledge; 51.6% of the respondents demonstrated poor perception to breastfeeding believing breastfeeding makes the breast to sag while only 34% of the respondents indicated their intention to breastfeed their future babies. CONCLUSION The intention to breastfeed among our study participants was poor. This study revealed the need to increase awareness about breastfeeding and its benefits among this huge population of future mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Ogundare
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adefunke Babatola
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Adebukola Ajite
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adewuyi Adeniyi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Odunayo Fatunla
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Ojo
- Department of Community Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Tosin Agbesanwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Omolayo Olubosede
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle Taiwo
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo Oluyi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ayotunde Ajibola
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Akinwumi Komolafe
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Alfred Airemionkhale
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Isaac Oluwayemi
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Oladele Olatunya
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Neuromodulation as a Potential Disease-Modifying Therapy for Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:1-11. [PMID: 36435890 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The following review discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting the autonomic nervous system (ANS) for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment and encourages the field to consider the candidacy of bioelectronic medicine as a novel OA treatment strategy. RECENT FINDINGS The study of OA pathogenesis has focused on changes occurring at the joint level. As such, treatments for OA have been aimed at the local joint environment, intending to resolve local inflammation and decrease pain. However, OA pathogenesis has shown to be more than joint wear and tear. Specifically, OA-related peripheral and central sensitization can prompt neuroplastic changes in the nervous system beyond the articular joint. These neuroplastic changes may alter physiologic systems, like the neuroimmune axis. In this way, OA and related comorbidities may share roots in the form of altered neuroimmune communication and autonomic dysfunction. ANS modulation may be able to modify OA pathogenesis or reduce the impact of OA comorbidities. Moreover, blocking chronic nociceptive drive from the joint may help to prevent maladaptive nervous system plasticity in OA.
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Muharam R, Prasetyo YD, Prabowo KA, Putri YI, Maidarti M, Hestiantoro A. IVF outcome with a high level of AMH: a focus on PCOS versus non-PCOS. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:172. [PMID: 35568864 PMCID: PMC9107208 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this research was to investigate whether high AMH levels in PCOS patients resulted in different IVF outcomes compared to those in non-PCOS patients. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 238 women undergoing IVF who had AMH levels > 4 ng/ml. Participants were divided into two groups: PCOS and non-PCOS. RESULTS The median AMH level was significantly higher in the PCOS group (7.59 ± 4.61 ng/ml vs. 5.91 ± 2.22 ng/ml, p < 0.001). The PCOS group required less gonadotropin but yielded more oocytes after stimulation. Significantly more participants from the PCOS group (41.5% [n = 39]) developed a hyperresponse to ovarian stimulation compared to the non-PCOS group (26.4% [n = 38]) (OR = 1.978, 95% CI 1.138-3.488; p = 0.015). CONCLUSION There were significant differences in terms of total doses of gonadotropin and the number of oocytes retrieved in the PCOS and non-PCOS groups. Women with PCOS and high AMH levels have a higher risk of hyperresponse after ovarian stimulation than women without PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Muharam
- Division of Reproductive Immunoendocrinology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Yohanes Danang Prasetyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Kevin Ardito Prabowo
- Division of Reproductive Immunoendocrinology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Yuannita Ika Putri
- Division of Reproductive Immunoendocrinology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Mila Maidarti
- Division of Reproductive Immunoendocrinology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Andon Hestiantoro
- Division of Reproductive Immunoendocrinology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No.71, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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Taguchi A, Rokutan H, Oda K, Tanikawa M, Tanimoto S, Sone K, Mori M, Tsuruga T, Kohsaka S, Tatsuno K, Shinozaki-Ushiku A, Miyagawa K, Mano H, Aburatani H, Ushiku T, Osuga Y. Genetic diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from mucinous borderline tumor inside an ovarian teratoma. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:51. [PMID: 35255903 PMCID: PMC8900394 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare disease condition mainly caused by primary mucinous tumors from the appendix and rarely from the ovary, such as when mucinous ovarian tumors arise from within a teratoma. Molecular analyses of pseudomyxoma from the appendix showed that KRAS and GNAS pathogenic variants are common genetic features of pseudomyxoma peritonei. However, the origin of the tumors is difficult to be identified via genetic variants alone. This study presents a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei of ovarian origin, which was diagnosed by comprehensive genomic profiling with ploidy analysis in a series of primary, recurrent, and autopsy tumor specimens. Case presentation A 40-year-old woman was diagnosed with Stage IC2 mucinous ovarian tumor of borderline malignancy with mature cystic teratoma, upon clinical pathology. Immunohistochemical analysis suggested that the mucinous tumor was derived from the intestinal component of an ovarian teratoma. Three years later, intraperitoneal recurrence was detected, which subsequently progressed to pseudomyxoma peritonei. Genomic analysis detected KRAS (G12D), GNAS (R201C), and FBXW7 (R367*) variants in the primary tumor. In addition, the tumor showed aneuploidy with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in all its chromosomes, which suggested that the primary ovarian tumor was derived from germ cells. Existence of one Barr body suggested the existence of uniparental disomy of the tumors throughout the genome, instead of a haploid genotype. All three pathogenic variants remained positive in the initial recurrent tumor, as well as in the paired DNA from the whole blood in pseudomyxoma peritonei. The pathogenic variant of KRAS (G12D) was also identified in the autopsy specimen of the appendix by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions This study pathologically and genetically confirmed that the primary ovarian borderline tumor was derived from the intestinal component of an ovarian teratoma, and that the subsequent pseudomyxoma peritonei progressed from the primary ovarian tumor. Integrative genomic analysis was useful to identify cellular origin of tumors, as well as to precisely interpret the process of disease progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01188-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Taguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Rokutan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Tanikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Tanimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenbun Sone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuyo Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Tsuruga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kohsaka
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Miyagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mano
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamashita K, Ishiyama Y, Yoshino M, Tachibana H, Toki D, Konda R, Kondo T. Urinary Tract Infection in Hemodialysis-Dependent End-Stage Renal Disease Patients. Res Rep Urol 2022; 14:7-15. [PMID: 35079597 PMCID: PMC8778613 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s346020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to analyze urinalysis findings and urinary bacterial culture in hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients. The research goal was to understand the proportion, risk factors, and the causative organisms of urinary tract infection in hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients. Materials and Methods Between May 2020 and June 2021, this study included 100 hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients (50 male patients and 50 female patients). The urine underwent microscopic examination, pyuria was defined as ≥5 white blood cells per high-power field, and urinary bacterial cultures were conducted for patients with pyuria. Bacteriuria was defined as ≥104 colony-forming units/mL in men and ≥105 colony-forming units/mL in women. Daily urine output was investigated by oral listening. Postvoiding residual urine volume was measured. Results Fifty-six percent of male patients and 30% of female patients had normosthenuria, 24% of male patients and 38% of female patients had pyuria, and 20% of male patients and 32% of female patients had a urinary tract infection. A comparison of normosthenuria and urinary tract infection revealed no statistically significant difference in age, time on dialysis, daily urine output, and postvoiding residual urine volume. The proportion of female patients among those with normosthenuria was 34.8%, whereas the proportion of female patients among those with UTI was 61.5%. Urinary bacterial cultures showed that the major causative organisms were Escherichia coli (45%; 18/40 cultures) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (17.5%; 7/40 cultures). Conclusion The incidence of urinary tract infection was higher in female patients than in male patients. The proportion of resistant bacteria as the causative organisms was high in hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients. Urinary bacterial culture should be checked while patients are able to void urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Yamashita
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
- Tomioka Clinic, Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
- Correspondence: Kaori Yamashita, Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, 2-1-10, Nishi-ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8567, Japan, Tel +81 338101111, Fax +81 338940282, Email
| | - Yudai Ishiyama
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshino
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tachibana
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Toki
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tunenori Kondo
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
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Inborn Errors in the LRR Domain of Nod2 and Their Potential Consequences on the Function of the Receptor. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082031. [PMID: 34440800 PMCID: PMC8392326 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system plays a critical role in the early detection of pathogens, primarily by relying on pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) signaling molecules. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) is a cytoplasmic receptor that recognizes invading molecules and danger signals inside the cells. Recent studies highlight the importance of NOD2′s function in maintaining the homeostasis of human body microbiota and innate immune responses, including induction of proinflammatory cytokines, regulation of autophagy, modulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, etc. In addition, there is extensive cross-talk between NOD2 and the Toll-like receptors that are so important in the induction and tuning of adaptive immunity. Polymorphisms of NOD2′s encoding gene are associated with several pathological conditions, highlighting NOD2′s functional importance. In this study, we summarize NOD2′s role in cellular signaling pathways and take a look at the possible consequences of common NOD2 polymorphisms on the structure and function of this receptor.
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Elia A, Cannavo A, Gambino G, Cimini M, Ferrara N, Kishore R, Paolocci N, Rengo G. Aging is associated with cardiac autonomic nerve fiber depletion and reduced cardiac and circulating BDNF levels. J Geriatr Cardiol 2021; 18:549-559. [PMID: 34404991 PMCID: PMC8352776 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is a multifactorial process associated with an impairment of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. Progressive ANS remodeling includes upregulation of expression of circulating catecholamines and depletion of cardiac autonomic nerve fibers, and it is responsible, in part, for the increased susceptibility to cardiac diseases observed in elderly subjects. Neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), are involved in synaptogenesis and neurite outgrowth processes, supporting neuronal cell differentiation and maturation. However, whether and how these factors and their downstream signaling are involved in cardiac aging remains unclear. Here, we tested whether, in the aged heart, the overall extent of autonomic fibers is reduced, owing to lower production of trophic factors such as BDNF and NGF. METHODS In vivo, we used young (age: 3 months; n = 10) and old (age: 24 months; n = 11) male Fisher rats, whereas, we used human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells in vitro. RESULTS Compared to the young rats, old rats displayed a marked reduction in the overall ANS fiber density, affecting both sympathetic and cholinergic compartments, as indicated by dopamine β-hydroxylase (dβh) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VaChT) immunohistochemical staining. In addition, a marked downregulation of GAP-43 and BDNF protein was observed in the left ventricular lysates of old rats compared to those of young rats. Interestingly, we did not find any significant difference in cardiac NGF levels between the young and old groups. To further explore the impact of aging on ANS fibers, we treated SH-SY5Y cells in vitro with serum obtained from young and old rats. Sera from both groups induced a remarkable increase in neuronal sprouting, as evidenced by a crystal violet assay. However, this effect was blunted in cells cultured with old rat serum and was accompanied by a marked reduction in GAP-43 and BDNF protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that physiological aging is associated with an impairment of ANS structure and function and that reduced BDNF levels are responsible, at least in part, for these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Elia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS-Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
| | - Alessandro Cannavo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gambino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples Italy
| | - Maria Cimini
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS-Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
| | - Raj Kishore
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici ICS-Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
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Ponomarenko VI, Karavaev AS, Borovkova EI, Hramkov AN, Kiselev AR, Prokhorov MD, Penzel T. Decrease of coherence between the respiration and parasympathetic control of the heart rate with aging. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2021; 31:073105. [PMID: 34340353 DOI: 10.1063/5.0056624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of coordinated behavior between different systems of the human body provides useful information on the functioning of the body. The peculiarities of interaction and coordinated dynamics of the heart rate and respiration are of particular interest. We investigated the coherence of the processes of respiration and autonomic control of the heart rate for people of different ages in the awake state, in sleep with rapid eye movement, and in deep sleep. Our analysis revealed a monotonic decrease in the coherence of these processes with increasing age. This can be explained by age-related changes in the system of autonomic control of circulation. For all age groups, we found a qualitatively similar dynamics of the coherence between the studied processes during a transition from the awake state to sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Ponomarenko
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov Branch, Zelyonaya Street, 38, Saratov 410019, Russia
| | - A S Karavaev
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov Branch, Zelyonaya Street, 38, Saratov 410019, Russia
| | - E I Borovkova
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street, 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A N Hramkov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street, 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - A R Kiselev
- Institute of Cardiological Research, Saratov State Medical University, B. Kazachaya Street, 112, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - M D Prokhorov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov Branch, Zelyonaya Street, 38, Saratov 410019, Russia
| | - T Penzel
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Street, 83, Saratov 410012, Russia
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11
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Abstract
Hip fracture is a leading cause of profound morbidity in individuals aged 65 years and older, ranking in the top 10 causes of loss of disability-adjusted life-years for older adults. Worldwide, the number of people with hip fracture is expected to rise significantly due to the aging population and other factors. Physical therapist management is recommended within medical, surgical, and multidisciplinary clinical practice guideline (CPGs) and is considered to be the standard of care in rehabilitation for people with hip fracture. The goal of this CPG was to review the evidence relevant to physical therapist management and to provide evidence-based recommendations for physical therapy diagnosis, prognosis, intervention, and assessment of outcome in adults with hip fracture. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(2):CPG1-CPG81. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.0301.
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12
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Xiao X, Li Q, Ju Y. Giant central nervous system tuberculoma in pediatric patients: surgical case series. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:2935-2941. [PMID: 33675392 PMCID: PMC8423696 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-021-05091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system tuberculoma is rare and challenging situation. Clinical records of patients with pathologically proven tuberculoma were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentation, lesion location, radiological characteristics, perioperative and surgical management, and outcome is summarized and analyzed. Eight patients were included and there was one girl. Age ranged from 3 to 14 years with mean age 9.8 years. Clinical duration ranged from 20 days to 2 years, and 3 patients had previous lung tuberculosis with anti-TB treatment. The lesion was in cerebellum in 6 cases, including 1 involving basal ganglia and 1 involving thalamus. The lesion was in basal ganglia, thalamus, and third ventricle in 1 case, and in T12-L1 spinal cord in another. Cerebellar lesion was resected via paramedian suboccipital approach in 5 patients, basal ganglia lesion via trans-cortical frontal horn approach in 2 patients, and intra-spinal lesion via trans-laminar approach in 1 patient. Follow-up ranged from 10 to 24 months. Of the 8 patients, 6 returned to normal life. One patient had cerebellar lesion resected and the thalamic lesion reduced in size after anti-TB treatment. One patient died from TB spreading. Our data showed that most patients can be successfully treated by resection of the lesion. Low T2 signal, ring shaped enhancement and peripheral edema strongly suggest tuberculoma. Empirical anti-TB treatment should be initiated perioperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Ju
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Al-Riyami H, Nadar SK. The mercury sphygmomanometer: soon a museum piece! J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:490-491. [PMID: 33288858 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Farsimadan M, Motamedifar M. The effects of human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus-1 and -2, human herpesvirus-6 and -8, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B and C virus on female fertility and pregnancy. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:1-11. [PMID: 32726192 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1803540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Female infertility may be defined as a woman of reproductive age being unable to become pregnant after a year of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Social, genetic, endocrine, physiological, and psychological factors as well as lifestyle habits (i.e., smoking and alcohol consumption), either alone or in combination with male factors, are major causes. However, approximately 15-30% of cases of female infertility remain unexplained. Numerous investigations have also indicated that microbiomes play an important role in human reproduction. All parts of the female reproductive system may be influenced by infectious and pathological agents, especially viruses, and these may interfere with reproductive function and so are risk factors for infertility, although in many cases an exact role is unclear. We present an overview of the impact of common viral infections on female reproduction, searching Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases for potentially relevant studies of viruses known to have a potential effect. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human herpesvirus (HHV) increase infertility rates whilst human papillomavirus (HPV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV) infections mostly lead to higher abortion and miscarriage rates. Moreover, HPV infection is linked to increased tubal infertility, endometriosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. HPV was the most frequently observed infection and with lower pregnancy rate and foetal death in women undergoing IVF treatments. Assisted reproductive treatment could be a safe and effective approach for HIV and HBV infected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farsimadan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan , Rasht, Iran
| | - M Motamedifar
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz Medical School, and Shiraz HIV/Aids Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Abba MA, Olaleye OA, Hamzat TK. Effects of over-ground walking and cognitive rehabilitation on cognition, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, participation and quality of life among stroke survivors: a study protocol. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1808056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aliyu Abba
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola A. Olaleye
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Talhatu K. Hamzat
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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16
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Kwon YE, Oh DJ, Kim MJ, Choi HM. Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Asymptomatic Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease. Ann Lab Med 2020; 40:238-244. [PMID: 31858764 PMCID: PMC6933061 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2020.40.3.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyuria seems to be common in chronic kidney disease (CKD), irrespective of urinary tract infection (UTI). It has been hypothesized that sterile pyuria occurs in CKD because of chronic renal parenchymal inflammation. However, there are limited data on whether CKD increases the rate of pyuria or how pyuria in CKD should be interpreted. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of asymptomatic pyuria (ASP) in CKD via urinary white blood cell (WBC) analysis. Methods Urine examination was performed for all stable hemodialysis (HD) and non-dialysis CKD patients of the outpatient clinic (total N=298). Patients with infection symptoms or recent history of antibiotic use were excluded. Urine culture and WBC analysis were performed when urinalysis revealed pyuria. Results The prevalence of ASP was 30.5% (24.1% in non-dialysis CKD and 51.4% in HD patients). Over 70% of the pyuria cases were sterile. The majority of urinary WBCs were neutrophils, even in sterile pyuria. However, the percentage of neutrophils was significantly lower in sterile pyuria. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the degree of pyuria, percentage of neutrophils, and presence of urinary nitrites remained independently associated with sterile pyuria. Conclusions The prevalence of ASP was higher in CKD patients and increased according to CKD stage. Most ASP in CKD was sterile. Ascertaining the number and distribution of urinary WBCs may be helpful for interpreting ASP in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Moon Jung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hye Min Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
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17
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Ardila CM, Arce-Jaramillo JM, Álvarez-Martínez E. Primary retromolar malignant melanoma in a Latin American patient. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520919245. [PMID: 32326786 PMCID: PMC7218476 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520919245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa is rare and has scarcely been reported in patients from Latin America. The most frequently affected sites include the palate and gingiva of the maxilla. In this report, we describe primary malignant melanoma in a Latin American patient. A 3 × 3.5-cm black tumor was observed on the upper left retromolar area. The lesion exhibited a sessile base, irregular edges, soft consistency, and pain on palpation. Immunohistochemistry staining results were positive for S100 and HMB-45; the Ki-67 index was 20%. Contrast tomography of the skull, face, abdomen, and thorax, as well as ultrasound of the liver, did not reveal metastatic lesions. The patient underwent wide surgical excision of the lesion, followed by radiotherapy; he was subsequently rehabilitated with a somato prosthesis.
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18
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Govoni M, Bassi M, Vezzoli S, Lucci G, Emirova A, Nandeuil MA, Petruzzelli S, Jellema GL, Afolabi EK, Colgan B, Leaker B, Kornmann O, Beeh KM, Watz H, Singh D. Sputum and blood transcriptomics characterisation of the inhaled PDE4 inhibitor CHF6001 on top of triple therapy in patients with chronic bronchitis. Respir Res 2020; 21:72. [PMID: 32197620 PMCID: PMC7085203 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors have been shown to reduce COPD exacerbation rate, their biological mechanism of action is not completely elucidated at the molecular level. We aimed to characterise the whole genome gene expression profile of the inhaled PDE4-inhibitor CHF6001 on top of triple therapy in sputum cells and whole blood of patients with COPD and chronic bronchitis. Methods Whole genome gene expression analysis was carried out by microarray in 54 patients before and after 32 days treatment with CHF6001 800 and 1600 μg and placebo twice daily (BID) in a randomised crossover study. Results CHF6001 had a strong effect in sputum, with 1471 and 2598 significantly differentially-expressed probe-sets relative to placebo (p-adjusted for False Discovery Rate < 0.05) with 800 and 1600 μg BID, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed significant modulation of key inflammatory pathways involved in cytokine activity, pathogen-associated-pattern-recognition activity, oxidative stress and vitamin D with associated inhibition of downstream inflammatory effectors. A large number of pro-inflammatory genes coding for cytokines and matrix-metalloproteinases were significantly differentially expressed for both doses; the majority (> 87%) were downregulated, including macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha and 1-beta, interleukin-27-beta, interleukin-12-beta, interleukin-32, tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced-protein-8, ligand-superfamily-member-15, and matrix-metalloproteinases-7,12 and 14. The effect in blood was not significant. Conclusions Inhaled PDE4 inhibition by CHF6001 on top of triple therapy in patients with COPD and chronic bronchitis significantly modulated key inflammatory targets and pathways in the lung but not in blood. Mechanistically these findings support a targeted effect in the lung while minimising unwanted systemic class-effects. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, EudraCT, 2015–005550-35. Registered 15 July 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Govoni
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy.
| | - Michele Bassi
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Vezzoli
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | - Germano Lucci
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | - Aida Emirova
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | - Marie Anna Nandeuil
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Petruzzelli
- Global Clinical Development, Personalised Medicine and Biomarkers, Chiesi, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Kornmann
- IKF Pneumologie Frankfurt, Clinical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Henrik Watz
- Pulmonary Research Institute at Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - Dave Singh
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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19
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Peng J, Chen C, Zhou M, Xie X, Zhou Y, Luo CH. A Machine-learning Approach to Forecast Aggravation Risk in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Clinical Indicators. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3118. [PMID: 32080330 PMCID: PMC7033165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) repeat acute exacerbations (AE). Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) is only available for patients in stable phase. Currently, there is a lack of assessment and prediction methods for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients during hospitalization. To enhance the monitoring and treatment of AECOPD patients, we develop a novel C5.0 decision tree classifier to predict the prognosis of AECOPD hospitalized patients with objective clinical indicators. The medical records of 410 hospitalized AECOPD patients are collected and 28 features including vital signs, medical history, comorbidities and various inflammatory indicators are selected. The overall accuracy of the proposed C5.0 decision tree classifier is 80.3% (65 out of 81 participants) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI):(0.6991, 0.8827) and Kappa 0.6054. In addition, the performance of the model constructed by C5.0 exceeds the C4.5, classification and regression tree (CART) model and the iterative dichotomiser 3 (ID3) model. The C5.0 decision tree classifier helps respiratory physicians to assess the severity of the patient early, thereby guiding the treatment strategy and improving the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Peng
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Data and Computer Science, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Data and Computer Science, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Data and Computer Science, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ching-Hsing Luo
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Data and Computer Science, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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20
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Liu YY, Liang P, Ji J, Chen KS, Li LM, Gao JB, Yong LL. Meningioma in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary: clinical and computed tomography findings. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:15. [PMID: 32024553 PMCID: PMC7003339 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-0291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) with meningioma of the ovary is a very rare benign tumor. There is only 3 reports of this disease until June 2019. The aim of the present study was to describe a ovarian mature cystic teratoma containing meningioma and nests of neuroblasts in a 15-year-old girl. Methods The method used in the present study consists of description of the clinical history, image lab features, and pathological result. Results The patient complained of a 2-month history of irregular vaginal bleeding. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a large oval cystic-solid mass with septations and fat density shadow, in abdomen pelvic cavity. The cystic part was the main component in the mass. The tumoral solid parts and its internal division could be seen intensified from slight to moderate on contrast-enhanced CT images compared with those on precontrast images, and the solid parts showed heterogeneous enhancement. Neighbouring intestinal tract and the uterus displaced by compression. The pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusions The clinical feature of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with meningioma includes a lack of specificity. Only meticulous recording of the gross features, histopathological examination including immunohistochemistry and supportive clinical and radiological findings to arrive at a correct diagnosis in case of unconventional tumours. If necessary, preoperative puncture can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Pan Liang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiang Ji
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Kui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jian-Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
| | - Liu-Liang Yong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
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21
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Bu T, Wang LF, Yin YQ. How Do Innate Immune Cells Contribute to Airway Remodeling in COPD Progression? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:107-116. [PMID: 32021149 PMCID: PMC6966950 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s235054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the therapeutic potential of immune-modulation during the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been attracting increasing interest. However, chronic inflammatory response has been over-simplified in descriptions of the mechanism of COPD progression. As a form of first-line airway defense, epithelial cells exhibit phenotypic alteration, and participate in epithelial layer disorganization, mucus hypersecretion, and extracellular matrix deposition. Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit attenuated antigen-presenting capacity in patients with advanced COPD. Immature DCs migrate into small airways, where they promote a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and bacterial colonization. In response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in lung tissue affected by COPD, neutrophils are excessively recruited and activated, where they promote a proteolytic microenvironment and fibrotic repair in small airways. Macrophages exhibit decreased phagocytosis in the large airways, while they demonstrate high pro-inflammatory potential in the small airways, and mediate alveolar destruction and chronic airway inflammation. Natural killer T (NKT) cells, eosinophils, and mast cells also play supplementary roles in COPD progression; however, their cellular activities are not yet entirely clear. Overall, during COPD progression, “exhausted” innate immune responses can be observed in the large airways. On the other hand, the innate immune response is enhanced in the small airways. Approaches that inhibit the inflammatory cascade, chemotaxis, or the activation of inflammatory cells could possibly delay the progression of airway remodeling in COPD, and may thus have potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegeleqi Bu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Qing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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A Comparative Study of Non-descent Vaginal Hysterectomy and Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2019; 69:369-373. [PMID: 31391746 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-019-01227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare intra- and post-op complications between non-descent vaginal hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy and establish the better method for hysterectomy in non-descent uterus. Methods A prospective comparative study of 80 hysterectomies was done over a period of January 2017-Dec 2017, with 40 cases each in one group of non-descent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) and other group of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). Demographic characteristics, co-morbid conditions, indications for surgery, operative time, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative analgesia requirements, post-operative hospital stay and post-operative complications were compared between both groups. Results The most common age in both groups was 41-50 years. Fibroid uterus was the most common indication for surgery in both groups. The mean operative time in NDVH group was 40 min while it was 120 min in TLH group, and the mean blood loss in NDVH group was 50 ml, while it was 120 ml in TLH group. P < 0.001 when intraoperative blood loss and operative time were compared between both groups. There were no conversions to laparotomy in NDVH group, while there were three conversions to laparotomy in TLH group. Both groups were similar in post-operative analgesia requirement and post-operative hospital stay. Post-operative complications were similar in both groups. Conclusions Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy has advantage over laparoscopic hysterectomy as scarless surgery with fewer complications.
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Bagga A, Khandelwal P, Mishra K, Thergaonkar R, Vasudevan A, Sharma J, Patnaik SK, Sinha A, Sethi S, Hari P, Dragon-Durey MA. Hemolytic uremic syndrome in a developing country: Consensus guidelines. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1465-1482. [PMID: 30989342 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury in children. Although international guidelines emphasize comprehensive evaluation and treatment with eculizumab, access to diagnostic and therapeutic facilities is limited in most developing countries. The burden of Shiga toxin-associated HUS in India is unclear; school-going children show high prevalence of anti-factor H (FH) antibodies. The aim of the consensus meeting was to formulate guidelines for the diagnosis and management of HUS in children, specific to the needs of the country. METHODS Four workgroups performed literature review and graded research studies addressing (i) investigations, biopsy, genetics, and differential diagnosis; (ii) Shiga toxin, pneumococcal, and infection-associated HUS; (iii) atypical HUS; and (iv) complement blockade. Consensus statements developed by the workgroups were discussed during a consensus meeting in March 2017. RESULTS An algorithm for classification and evaluation was developed. The management of Shiga toxin-associated HUS is supportive; prompt plasma exchanges (PEX) is the chief therapy in patients with atypical HUS. Experts recommend that patients with anti-FH-associated HUS be managed with a combination of PEX and immunosuppressive medications. Indications for eculizumab include incomplete remission with plasma therapy, life-threatening features, complications of PEX or vascular access, inherited defects in complement regulation, and recurrence of HUS in allografts. Priorities for capacity building in regional and national laboratories are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Limited diagnostic capabilities and lack of access to eculizumab prevent the implementation of international guidelines for HUS in most developing countries. We propose practice guidelines for India, which will perhaps be applicable to other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Bagga
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Priyanka Khandelwal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Kirtisudha Mishra
- Department of Pediatrics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalya, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet Thergaonkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Indian Naval Hospital Ship, Kalyani, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, St. Johns Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Saroj Kumar Patnaik
- Department of Pediatrics, Army Hospital Research & Referral, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditi Sinha
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sidharth Sethi
- Department of Nephrology, Medanta Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Hari
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey
- Laboratory of Immunology, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Belhaj R, Kaabachi W, Khalfallah I, Hamdi B, Hamzaoui K, Hamzaoui A. Gene Variants, mRNA and NOD1/2 Protein Levels in Tunisian Childhood Asthma. Lung 2019; 197:377-385. [PMID: 30874883 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-019-00209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a common respiratory childhood disease that results from an interaction between genetic, environmental and immunologic factors. The implication of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain 1 and 2 (NOD1/CARD4, NOD2/CARD15) was highlighted in many inflammatory diseases. METHODS In this case-control study, we analyzed the association of three NOD2 polymorphisms and one NOD1 variant, in 338 Tunisian asthmatic children and 425 healthy Controls, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We also assessed NOD1 and NOD2 mRNA and protein levels by qRT-PCR and ELISA techniques. RESULTS The homozygous AA genotype of rs2075820 was a risk factor for asthma (OR 2.39). The influence of the E266K variant in the presence of the heterozygous AG genotype was higher in male than female groups. The homozygous AA genotype was a risk factor associated with asthma, for patients aged between 6 and 18 years OR 2.39, IC95% (1.04-5.49) p < 0.01. The mRNA expression of NOD1, but not NOD2, was enhanced in asthma patients compared to Controls. We noted a significant difference between asthmatics and healthy controls in NOD1 protein expression (asthma patients : 31.18 ± 10.9 pg/ml, Controls: 20.10 ± 2.58 pg/ml; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The NOD1 rs2075820 variant was associated with a higher childhood asthma risk and the NOD1 expression at mRNA and protein levels was significantly increased in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Belhaj
- University of Sciences Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Wajih Kaabachi
- University of Sciences Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ikbel Khalfallah
- Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital A. Mami, Pavillon B, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Basma Hamdi
- Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital A. Mami, Pavillon B, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Hamzaoui
- University of Sciences Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital A. Mami, Pavillon B, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Agnes Hamzaoui
- Expression Moléculaire des Interactions Cellulaires et de leurs modes de Communication dans le Poumon, Medical Faculty of Tunis, UR/12-SP15, Tunis El Manar University, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital A. Mami, Pavillon B, Ariana, Tunisia.,Unit Research Homeostasis and Cell dysfunction, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, 15 Rue Djebel Lakdar 1007, Tunisia, Tunisia
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25
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Abstract
Hemiarthroplasty is a common procedure for treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in low-demand patients. As hip fracture incidence continues to increase, the need for revision hemiarthroplasty is also expected to increase. Multiple etiologies can result in a failed hemiarthroplasty, including persistent pain, infection, instability, leg-length discrepancy, and trauma. Preoperative clinical, radiographic, and laboratory assessments are critical in determining the etiology of the painful hemiarthroplasty. The standard of care for surgical management of failed hemiarthroplasty is conversion to a total hip arthroplasty. However, establishing the etiology preoperatively is essential to planning before treating the failed hemiarthroplasty.
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26
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Liu D, Chen Q, Zhu H, Gong L, Huang Y, Li S, Yue C, Wu K, Wu Y, Zhang W, Huang G, Zhang L, Pu S, Wang D. Association of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Response with COPD Exacerbation Frequency. Inflammation 2018; 41:654-666. [PMID: 29264743 PMCID: PMC5874272 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study is to explore the role of respiratory syncytial virus Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-mediated immune response in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A total of 20 AECOPD patients and 10 normal volunteers were studied. TLR3 was detected by RT-PCR, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected by nested RT-PCR. Then, A549 cells were infected by RSV at different time points and at different viral titers. TLR3 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, the protein of TLR3 and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) were detected by western blot, and IRF3 protein localization was detected by immunofluorescence. Interferon-β (IFN-β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by ELISA. A total of 4 (20%) of the 20 AECOPD patients sampled were infected with RSV. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) percentage was lower in the AECOPD patients infected with RSV compared to those not infected (P = 0.03). The expression of IL-6 in the two groups was diametrically opposite (P = 0.04). The AECOPD group (n = 20) showed an increase in TLR3 mRNA compared with that of the control group (n = 10) (P = 0.02). The RSV-infected AECOPD group (n = 4) showed an obvious increase in TLR3 mRNA compared with that of the control group (P = 0.03). There was a significant correlation between severity of reduction in lung function at exacerbation and the increasing expression of TLR3 in AECOPD patients. The TLR3 signaling pathway was activated in lung epithelial cells. TLR3 mRNA/protein levels were increased in A549 infected with RSV compared with those of the control group. IRF3 protein also increased along with the occurrence of nuclear transfer in A549 infected with RSV. IFN-β and IL-6 were also increased in the RSV-infected A549 cells compared with those of the control (P = 0.00 and 0.00, respectively). Increased TLR3 expression in AECOPD patients is associated with declining lung function. TLR3 may be a risk factor for RSV-infected AECOPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Ling Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Shiguang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Changwu Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Guichuan Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Zunyi, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Zunyi, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563002, China
| | - Shenglan Pu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Daoxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Ni L, Dong C. Roles of Myeloid and Lymphoid Cells in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1431. [PMID: 29977245 PMCID: PMC6021485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third largest cause of human mortality in the world after stroke and heart disease. COPD is characterized by sustained inflammation of the airways, leading to destruction of lung tissue and declining pulmonary function. The main risk factor is known to be cigarette smoke currently. However, the strategies for prevention and treatment have not altered significantly for many years. A growing body of evidences indicates that the immune system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of COPD. The repeated and progressive activation of immune cells is at least in part the source of this chronic inflammation. In this review paper, we have conducted an extensive literature search of the studies of immune cells in COPD patients. The objective is to assess the contributions of different immune cell types, the imbalance of pro/anti-inflammatory immune cells, such as M1/M2 macrophages, Tc1/Tc10, and Th17/Treg, and their mediators in the peripheral blood as well as in the lung to the pathogenesis of COPD. Therefore, understanding their roles in COPD development will help us find the potential target to modify this disease. This review focuses predominantly on data derived from human studies but will refer to animal studies where they help understand the disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ni
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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28
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Wang Y, Hu JW, Qu PF, Wang KK, Yan Y, Chu C, Zheng WL, Xu XJ, Lv YB, Ma Q, Gao K, Yuan Y, Li H, Yuan ZY, Mu JJ. Association between urinary sodium excretion and uric acid, and its interaction on the risk of prehypertension among Chinese young adults. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7749. [PMID: 29773847 PMCID: PMC5958063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High uric acid (UA) level and high salt intake are reportedly associated with cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the association between UA and urinary sodium excretion, as well as its interaction on the risk of prehypertension. A total of 1869 participants without hypertension were recruited from a previously established cohort in Shaanxi Province, China. The participants were classified as normotensive or prehypertensive on the basis of their blood pressure. Increasing quartiles of sodium excretion were associated with high urinary UA/creatinine levels in prehypertensive participants. Estimated sodium excretion positively correlated with urinary UA/creatinine excretions in the prehypertensive group. In addition, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios for prehypertension compared with normotension were 1.68 (1.27–2.22) for sodium excretion and 1.71 (1.21–2.42) for serum UA. Increasing sodium excretion and serum UA were associated with higher risk of prehypertension. Compared with the lowest quartiles, the highest sodium excretion and serum UA quartiles entailed 3.48 times greater risk of prehypertension. Sodium excretion is associated with urinary UA excretion in prehypertensive participants. The present study shows that high levels of salt intake and serum UA simultaneously are associated with a higher risk of prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Wen Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng-Fei Qu
- Assisted Reproduction Center, Northwest Women and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Ling Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Xian-Jing Xu
- General Ward, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Bo Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Jun Mu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.
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29
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Renuka RM, Achuth J, Chandan HR, Venkataramana M, Kadirvelu K. A fluorescent dual aptasensor for the rapid and sensitive onsite detection ofE. coliO157:H7 and its validation in various food matrices. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00997j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The speedy analysis of food products remains a keen area of concern; thus, rapid, highly efficient and robust on-site detection platforms are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Renuka
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory
- DRDO-BU-CLS
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - J. Achuth
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory
- DRDO-BU-CLS
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - H. R. Chandan
- Center for Nano and Material Sciences
- Jain University
- Bangalore
- India
| | - M. Venkataramana
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory
- DRDO-BU-CLS
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
| | - K. Kadirvelu
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory
- DRDO-BU-CLS
- Coimbatore-641046
- India
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30
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Yao D, Dong Q, Tian Y, Dai C, Wu S. Lipopolysaccharide stimulates endogenous β-glucuronidase via PKC/NF-κB/c-myc signaling cascade: a possible factor in hepatolithiasis formation. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 444:93-102. [PMID: 29188532 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatolithiasis is commonly encountered in Southeastern and Eastern Asian countries, but the pathogenesis mechanism of stone formation is still not well understood. Now, the role of endogenous β-glucuronidase in pigment stones formation is being gradually recognized. In this study, the mechanism of increased expression and secretion of endogenous β-glucuronidase during hepatolithiasis formation was investigated. We assessed the endogenous β-glucuronidase, c-myc, p-p65, and p-PKC expression in liver specimens with hepatolithiasis by immunohistochemical staining, and found that compared with that in normal liver samples, the expression of endogenous β-glucuronidase, c-myc, p-p65, and p-PKC in liver specimens with hepatolithiasis significantly increased, and their expressions were positively correlated with each other. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced increased expression of endogenous β-glucuronidase and c-myc in hepatocytes and intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and endogenous β-glucuronidase secretion increased, correspondingly. C-myc siRNA transfection effectively inhibited the LPS-induced expression of endogenous β-glucuronidase. Furthermore, NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or PKC inhibitor chelerythrine could effectively inhibit the LPS-induced expression of c-myc and endogenous β-glucuronidase, and the expression of p-p65 was also partly inhibited by chelerythrine. Our clinical observations and experimental data indicate that LPS could induce the increased expression and secretion of endogenous β-glucuronidase via a signaling cascade of PKC/NF-κB/c-myc in hepatocytes and intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells, and endogenous β-glucuronidase might play a possible role in the formation of hepatolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianbo Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qianze Dong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuodong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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31
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Song H, Yun C, Xu M, Sun D. Different expression about induced sputum cell sorting in the two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Diagn Cytopathol 2017; 45:1073-1077. [PMID: 29027380 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The difference in expression of sputum cells types between the two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the difference and then wants to depend on sputum cells sorting to direct the treatment of COPD. METHODS A total of 218 patients with stable COPD (FEV1 < 80%) were selected. Stable COPD patients (n = 218) were classified as eosinophilic (A phenotype) or noneosinophilic (B phenotype); sometimes, the subjects were separated into cough group (C phenotype) and dyspnea group (D phenotype). Cross-sectional analysis was conducted comparing demographics and clinical characteristics. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to assess predictive ability of sputum eosinophils for D phenotype. RESULTS The A phenotype showed a higher correlation with the patients complaining of presenting with dyspnea on exertion, the dyspnea group (D phenotype). The B phenotype showed a higher prevalence of those who cough and product sputum, this was cough group (C phenotype). Sputum eosinophil and macrophages counts were significantly higher in patients with dyspnea (n = 95) compared to those with cough (P < .05), and neutrophils were significantly lower in patients with dyspnea (n = 95) compared to those with cough (P < .05). Percentage sputum eosinophil count was predictive of dyspnea (D phenotype) COPD with area under curve (AUC) of 0.831 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-0.89; P ≤ .001). Neutrophils were also predictive of dyspnea (D phenotype) COPD with AUC of 0.276 (95% CI 0.204-0.347; P ≤ .001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the morphological phenotypes of COPD show several clinical characteristics and different sputum cell sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China
| | - Chunmei Yun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China
| | - Maoye Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China
| | - Dejun Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, China
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32
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Ajibola SS, Timothy FO. The Influence of National Health Insurance on Medication Adherence Among Outpatient Type 2 Diabetics in Southwest Nigeria. J Patient Exp 2017; 5:114-119. [PMID: 29978027 PMCID: PMC6022950 DOI: 10.1177/2374373517732384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Medication adherence (MA) is a challenge among patients with chronic diseases worldwide. Little has been reported on the influence of National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on MA among diabetic patients in Nigeria. Objective: To assess the influence of NHIS on MA among outpatient type 2 diabetics in 2 public secondary health facilities in Southwest Nigeria. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 110 consecutively selected outpatient type 2 diabetics (insured, n = 42; uninsured, n = 68) was carried out. The patients’ perceptions of care and the influence of drug cost on MA between the insured and uninsured were compared. The patients’ perceptions of care were assessed using a 25-item pretested questionnaire. The MA was measured using the Morisky MA-8 scale. The use of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) was evaluated using a medical chart review. Information about patients’ sociodemographics, year of diagnosis, comorbidities, and types of OADs prescribed was retrieved from the medical records. Descriptive statistics were used for data presentation. A Pearson χ2 was used for test of associations. P values < .05 were considered significant. Results: Majority of the respondents (68 [61.8%]) were uninsured. The insured and the uninsured patients differed in their perceptions of the adequacy of time used by pharmacists for medication counseling (P < .0005). The MA between the groups also differs (P = .0002). The monthly drug cost for OADs was significantly associated with MA (P = .037). Conclusion: The study concluded that the NHIS may positively influence MA among diabetic patients. The drug cost may have contributed significantly to the difference in MA between the groups. More time should be devoted to the counseling of the uninsured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saka S Ajibola
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy/Biopharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Fajemirokun O Timothy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy/Biopharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
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33
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Icduygu FM, Erdogan MO, Ulasli SS, Yildiz HG, Celik ZS, Unlu M, Solak M. Is There an Association Between NOD2 Gene Polymorphisms and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression? INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2017.1351118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadime Mutlu Icduygu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, 28100, Turkey
| | - Mujgan Ozdemir Erdogan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Sarinc Ulasli
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Handan Gonenli Yildiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Sonmez Celik
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Eskisehir State Hospital, Eskisehir, 26060 Turkey
| | - Mehmet Unlu
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Solak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, 03200, Turkey
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35
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Taschner CA, Rodler C, Scheiwe C, Urbach H, Eiden S, Prinz M. Freiburg Neuropathology Case Conference. Clin Neuroradiol 2016; 26:251-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00062-016-0518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Yun JY, Kim BH, Lee JH, Lee K, Kwack K, Yim SV. Screening study for genetic polymorphisms affecting pharmacokinetics of pioglitazone. Transl Clin Pharmacol 2016. [DOI: 10.12793/tcp.2016.24.4.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Yun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Bo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Kidong Lee
- Department of BioMedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, SeongNam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - KyuBum Kwack
- Department of BioMedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, SeongNam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Vin Yim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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Milara J, Morell A, Ballester B, Sanz C, Freire J, Qian X, Alonso-Garcia M, Morcillo E, Cortijo J. Roflumilast improves corticosteroid resistance COPD bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with toll like receptor 3 agonist. Respir Res 2015; 16:12. [PMID: 25652132 PMCID: PMC4335416 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by chronic pulmonary inflammation punctuated by periods of viral exacerbations. Recent evidence suggests that the combination of roflumilast with corticosteroids may improve the compromised anti-inflammatory properties of corticosteroids in COPD. We analyzed differential and combination anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone and roflumilast N-oxide in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) stimulated with viral toll like receptor (TLR) agonists. METHODS Lung tissue and HBECs were isolated from healthy (n = 15), smokers (n = 12) and smokers with COPD (15). TLR3 expression was measured in lung tissue and in HBECs. IL-8 secretion was measured in cell cultures after TLR3 stimulation with poly I:C 10 μg/mL. RESULTS We found that TLR3 expression was increased by 1.95 fold (protein) and 2.5 fold (mRNA) in lung tissues from smokers with COPD and inversely correlated with lung function. The TLR3 agonist poly I:C 10 μg/mL increased the IL-8 release in HBECs that was poorly inhibited by dexamethasone in smokers (24.5%) and smokers with COPD (21.6%). In contrast, roflumilast showed similar inhibitory effects on IL-8 release in healthy (58.8%), smokers (56.6%) and smokers with COPD (50.5%). The combination of roflumilast N-oxide and dexamethasone showed additive inhibitory effects. Mechanistically, roflumilast N-oxide when combined with dexamethasone increased the expression of MKP1, and enhanced the inhibitory effects on phospho-p38, AP1 and NFκB activities which may explain the additive anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data provide in vitro evidence for a possible clinical utility to add roflumilast on top of inhaled corticosteroid in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Milara
- Clinical Research Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain. .,Pharmacy Department, Fundación de Investigación, University General Hospital Consortium, Avenida tres cruces s/n, Valencia, E-46014, Spain.
| | - Anselm Morell
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Research Foundation, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Bea Ballester
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Celia Sanz
- Faculty of Biomedic Sciences, European University of Madrid; affiliated center of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jose Freire
- Forest Research Institute, Jersey City, NJ, USA.
| | | | | | - Esteban Morcillo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Clinical Research Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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