Primary cutaneous vascular leiomyosarcoma: A rare subtype of leiomyosarcoma of the skin

Frontal cutaneous leiomyosarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumours that can affect the skin. They are dominated by Kaposi's sarcoma and dermatofibrosarcoma. Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is a very rare entity. We report the case of a 78-year-old patient who presented with a primary frontal cutaneous leiomyosarcoma treated surgically with a good outcome at the last follow-up. The objective of this work is to identify the epidemiological, clinical, anatomopathological, therapeutic and prognostic particularities of this pathology through a review of the literature.

Primary Cutaneous Leiomyosarcoma of the Lower Extremity: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma that appears non-specific clinically and often is misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. We report the case of a 59-year-old Caucasian male with a grade I leiomyosarcoma tumor on his lower extremity with no previous history of local trauma. The tumor is composed of highly atypical spindle cells with pleomorphic nuclei and mitotic activity on hematoxylin and eosin stains. The diagnosis is confirmed with immunohistochemistry staining positive for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and desmin. Due to high recurrence rates, the prognosis for leiomyosarcomas remains poor and requires close follow-up to prevent progression.

[Infiltration of the skull by dedifferentiated cutaneous leiomyosarcoma]

Wir berichten über einen 81-jährigen Patienten mit bereits mehrfach voroperiertem Tumor der Kopfhaut. In der histologischen erneuten Aufarbeitung ließ sich ein dedifferenziertes Leiomyosarkom nachweisen, das bereits die Schädeldecke infiltriert hatte. In einem interdisziplinären Ansatz mit den Kollegen der Klinik für Neurochirurgie konnte eine Komplettexzision erreicht werden. Kutane Leiomyosarkome sind seltene Tumoren der Haut, die typischerweise als langsam wachsende, erythematöse Knoten imponieren. Aufgrund des Metastasierungspotenzials ist eine komplette, schnittrandkontrollierte Resektion erforderlich.

Clear-cell variant of superficial cutaneous leiomyosarcoma associated with RB1 mutation: Clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological characteristics

Leiomyosarcoma is a relatively rare soft tissue tumor whose clear-cell variant has only been reported in leiomyosarcomas of the uterus. We report here for the first time a primary cutaneous clear-cell leiomyosarcoma in the trunk skin of a 49-year-old man, characterized by a very indolent clinical and dermoscopic presentation, mimicking a dermatofibroma. Genetic analysis of the otherwise healthy patient revealed a germline mutation in the retinoblastoma 1 gene (RB1); the same mutation was found in his son, who had previously developed retinoblastoma. Moreover, the mother of the patient had died of uterine leiomyosarcoma with clear-cell changes. Mutations in the RB1 gene occur commonly in human neoplasms. In this patient, we were able to link his clear-cell variant of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with the loss of retinoblastoma protein expression, as revealed by immunohistochemical staining analysis.