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Ponce RKM, Luck C, Okimoto RA. Molecular and therapeutic advancements in Capicua ( CIC)-rearranged sarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1416697. [PMID: 38882060 PMCID: PMC11176417 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1416697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Capicua (CIC)-rearranged sarcomas are an aggressive subset of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas. CIC::DUX4, the proto-typical CIC fusion oncoprotein is associated with rapid clinical progression and chemotherapy resistance leading to poor clinical outcomes. Recent studies have identified additional CIC fusions (CIC::NUTM1, CIC::FOXO4, and CIC::LEUTX) that largely retain CIC-binding specificity but leverage C-terminal binding partners (NUTM1, FOXO4, and LEUTX) to potentially activate transcriptional programs that drive oncogenesis. Moreover, the recent development of preclinical models to study CIC::DUX4 sarcoma have advanced our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms and uncovered key dependencies that can be translated into rational therapies. In this review, we will highlight these recent advancements in CIC-rearranged sarcoma biology with a vision for clinical translation to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cuyler Luck
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ross A Okimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Dai Y, Liu J, Tao J, Zhang K. A rare case of CIC-rearranged sarcoma in pelvic cavity. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:808-809. [PMID: 38409771 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhong Shan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
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Ko JS, Marusic Z, Azzato EM, Farkas DH, Van Arnam J, Seiwerth S, Fritchie K, Patel RM, Rubin BP, Billings SD. Superficial sarcomas with CIC rearrangement are aggressive neoplasms: A series of eight cases. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:509-516. [PMID: 32026485 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CIC rearranged sarcomas have significant overlap with Ewing sarcoma, are aggressive, and typically present in deep soft tissue. They most commonly have a t(4;19)(q35;q13) with CIC-DUX4 fusion. Superficial presentation is rare. We report eight (6F, 2M; median 45-years-old, range 14-65) superficial CIC-rearranged sarcomas, involving the extremities (n = 4), vulva (n = 2), and trunk (n = 2). The tumors were composed of nodules/sheets of round cells with necrosis and hemorrhage separated by dense hyaline bands. Tumor cells had vesicular chromatin, prominent nucleoli and frequent mitotic figures. One showed pagetoid spread. Targeted next-generation sequencing was positive for CIC-DUX4 fusion (6/6); fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was positive for CIC rearrangement (2/3). Eight of eight had evidence of CIC-DUX4 fusion/rearrangement by molecular techniques. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD99+ (8/8) and DUX4+ (4/4). FISH for EWSR1 rearrangement was negative (5/5). Of five patients with at least 6 months follow-up, three of five died of disease, all within 2 years of presentation. One is alive with disease at 48 months. One is disease free at 3 months. Superficial CIC-rearranged sarcomas should be considered in cases exhibiting features reminiscent of Ewing sarcoma, but with increased pleomorphism and/or geographic necrosis. In contrast to superficial Ewing sarcomas, superficial CIC-rearranged sarcomas are aggressive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Ko
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Zlatko Marusic
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elizabeth M Azzato
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel H Farkas
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John Van Arnam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Pathology, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karen Fritchie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rajiv M Patel
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Labs, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brian P Rubin
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Steven D Billings
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Maloney N, Smith SM, Peters SB, Batistatou A, Evangelou Z, Harms PW, Chan MP, Antonescu CR, Linos K. Expanding the differential of superficial tumors with round-cell morphology: Report of three cases of CIC-rearranged sarcoma, a potentially under-recognized entity. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:535-540. [PMID: 31886887 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Among sarcomas with a round-cell morphology that lack rearrangement of the EWSR1 gene, rearrangements involving the CIC gene are the most common. In comparison with Ewing Sarcoma, CIC-rearranged sarcomas present at an older average age, arise almost exclusively in soft tissues, are clinically more aggressive, and are more likely to be resistant to the chemotherapy regimens used for Ewing sarcoma. CIC-rearranged sarcomas present more commonly in a deep location, and we suspect that superficial presentations may be under-recognized. In this case series, we report three of such cases. Overall, the morphology is similar to CIC-rearranged sarcomas of deeper locations. We hope to raise awareness among the dermatopathology community by expanding the differential of superficial tumors with round cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan Maloney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, New Hampshire, Lebanon
| | - Stephen M Smith
- Division of Dermatopathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sara B Peters
- Division of Dermatopathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Zoi Evangelou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - May P Chan
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Konstantinos Linos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center and Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, New Hampshire, Lebanon
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Mizukami T, Yanagi T, Kitamura S, Narahira A, Maeda T, Hata H, Takakuwa E, Doi K, Sugita S, Hasegawa T, Ikenaga H, Shimizu H. A recurrent subcutaneous tumour of the thumb: a case of a capicua transcriptional repressor (CIC)-rearranged sarcoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:e59-e61. [PMID: 31452282 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Mizukami
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Kitamura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Narahira
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Maeda
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Hata
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - E Takakuwa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Doi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Sugita
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - H Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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