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Frankeberger J, Gruenewald PJ, Sumetsky N, Lee JP, Ghanem L, Mair C. Dual Use of Off-Premise Outlets for Alcohol and Grocery Purchases: Results From the East Bay Neighborhoods Study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:758-766. [PMID: 34762035 PMCID: PMC8819615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol privatization efforts have enabled consumers in many states in the United States to purchase alcohol in a variety of off-premise outlets, including grocery stores. This study examines the dual use of outlets to purchase both alcohol and groceries and the extent to which dual use is related to individual income, neighborhood income, and local physical availability of alcohol. METHOD The East Bay Neighborhoods Study surveyed residents from 72 microecological neighborhoods across six cities in Alameda County, California. Eligible respondents who purchased alcohol in the last year (n = 707) were asked about the off-premise outlet in which they most often purchase alcohol. Purchasing behaviors within this outlet, including purchasing groceries and frequency of visits to the outlet, were assessed. Multilevel logistic regression and negative binomial models assessed outcomes. RESULTS Seventy-three percent of participants reported dual use of their most used outlet for groceries and alcohol. In adjusted models, dual use of the outlet was not associated with individual income, alcohol use, or neighborhood outlet density but was positively associated with neighborhood income and the number of outlet visits. After adjustment, dual use of the most used outlet was associated with 0.77 more visits per 28 days. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that convenience and reduced time costs for purchasing alcohol encourage the dual use of outlets, particularly in high-income neighborhoods. Differences in the dual use of outlets and frequency in outlet use by neighborhood environments highlight the importance of understanding the role of alcohol availability in distinct neighborhood income and outlet-level contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Frankeberger
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul J. Gruenewald
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - Natalie Sumetsky
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Juliet P. Lee
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - Lina Ghanem
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - Christina Mair
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Chen CY, Wang IA, Wang N, Lu MC, Liu CY, Chen WJ. Leisure activity participation in relation to alcohol purchasing and consumption in adolescence. Addict Behav 2019; 90:294-300. [PMID: 30472538 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Building upon the socioecological perspective, this study examines prospective associations linking leisure activity participation with alcohol purchasing and consumption in early adolescence. METHODS A total of 1763 seventh graders (age 12-13 years) were recruited from middle schools in urban Taiwan via multi-stage sampling and followed-up 1.5 years later during ninth grade. Information about leisure activities, covariates (i.e., gender, puberty development, family structure, parental educational attainment, monthly allowance, peer drinking, and childhood alcohol experience), and two outcome variables (i.e., alcohol purchasing and drinking behaviors) was gathered via web-based self-administered questionnaires. Data concerning alcohol outlets and recreational resource for each community district were retrieved from official statistics and commercial sources. Two-level hierarchical generalized linear models were used to evaluate association estimates. FINDINGS Five percent of ninth graders ever purchased alcohol and nearly one in seven drank alcohol on three or more occasions (i.e., occasional drinking) in the past year. Sports, unstructured, and organized leisure activities were not linked with illegal alcohol purchasing when community contexts were statistically adjusted; a higher community on-premised alcohol outlet density increased alcohol purchasing by 94% (95% CI = 1.24-3.06). In contrast, unstructured leisure activity participation at 7th grade predicted occasional drinking (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 5.52; 95% CI = 3.13-9.74). Sports participation was associated with reduced risk of occasional drinking in the communities with high unregulated alcohol outlets (aOR for interaction = 0.58; P < .001). CONCLUSION Our research provides insights to differential roles of leisure activity participation in shaping adolescents' commercial alcohol access and occasional drinking. Macro-social contexts should be considered in the efforts to reduce underage drinking problems through leisure activities.
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Jackson N, Denny S, Sheridan J, Zhao J, Ameratunga S. The role of neighborhood disadvantage, physical disorder, and collective efficacy in adolescent alcohol use: a multilevel path analysis. Health Place 2016; 41:24-33. [PMID: 27521816 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Research into the salient exposures which explain neighborhood variation in adolescent alcohol use remains inconclusive. The Social Disorganization Theory suggests that neighborhood-level disadvantage may reduce collective efficacy to control adolescent risky behavior. Collective perceptions of physical disorder are also implicated in this neighborhood pathway. Drawing on data from a nationally-representative survey of urban high school students in New Zealand, multilevel path analysis was used to estimate the direct and mediating effects of neighborhood disadvantage, physical disorder, and collective efficacy on current drinking, frequency of binge drinking, and typical quantity of alcohol consumed. The findings supported an indirect pathway from disadvantage to binge drinking and high typical quantities in young adolescents (<16 years), mediated by physical disorder and reduced collective efficacy. Collective efficacy was not associated with current drinking in young adolescents. An opposing indirect effect was evident among older adolescents (≥16 years), whereby collective efficacy was positively associated with drinking outcomes. Implications for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Jackson
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Simon Denny
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Janie Sheridan
- School of Pharmacy and Centre for Addiction Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Shanthi Ameratunga
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Jiang H, Livingston M, Room R, Callinan S. Price elasticity of on- and off-premises demand for alcoholic drinks: A Tobit analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 163:222-8. [PMID: 27158025 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how price policies will affect alcohol consumption requires estimates of the impact of price on consumption among different types of drinkers and across different consumption settings. This study aims to estimate how changes in price could affect alcohol demand across different beverages, different settings (on-premise, e.g., bars, restaurants and off-premise, e.g., liquor stores, supermarkets), and different levels of drinking and income. METHODS Tobit analysis is employed to estimate own- and cross-price elasticities of alcohol demand among 11 subcategories of beverage based on beverage type and on- or off-premise supply, using cross-sectional data from the Australian arm of the International Alcohol Control Survey 2013. Further elasticity estimates were derived for sub-groups of drinkers based on their drinking and income levels. RESULTS The results suggest that demand for nearly every subcategory of alcohol significantly responds to its own price change, except for on-premise spirits and ready-to-drink spirits. The estimated demand for off-premise beverages is more strongly affected by own price changes than the same beverages in on-premise settings. Demand for off-premise regular beer and off-premise cask wine is more price responsive than demand for other beverages. Harmful drinkers and lower income groups appear more price responsive than moderate drinkers and higher income groups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that alcohol price policies, such as increasing alcohol taxes or introducing a minimum unit price, can reduce alcohol demand. Price appears to be particularly effective for reducing consumption and as well as alcohol-related harm among harmful drinkers and lower income drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Michael Livingston
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah Callinan
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Snowden AJ. Neighborhood characteristics contribute to urban alcohol availability: Accounting for race/ethnicity and social disorganization. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2015; 15:346-366. [PMID: 26643585 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2015.1073644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra J. Snowden
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Morrison C, Cerdá M, Gorman DM, Gruenewald PJ, Mair CF, Naimi TS, Scribner R, Stockwell T, Toomey TL, Wieczorek WF. Commentary on Gmel et al. (2015): Are alcohol outlet densities strongly associated with alcohol-related outcomes? A critical review of recent evidence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015; 35:55-57. [PMID: 26450352 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Morrison
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Dennis M Gorman
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, USA
| | - Paul J Gruenewald
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, USA
| | - Christina F Mair
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, USA.,Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Timothy S Naimi
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Richard Scribner
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, USA
| | - Tim Stockwell
- Centre for Addictions Research of British Columbia, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Traci L Toomey
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - William F Wieczorek
- Center for Health and Social Research, State University of New York College at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
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Badland H, Mavoa S, Livingston M, David S, Giles-Corti B. Testing spatial measures of alcohol outlet density with self-rated health in the Australian context: Implications for policy and practice. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015; 35:298-306. [PMID: 26424454 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Reducing access to alcohol is an important and cost-effective strategy for decreasing alcohol consumption and associated harm. Yet this is a less common approach to alcohol control in Australia. The aim of this research was to ascertain which alcohol outlet density spatial measures were related to long-term health outcomes, and the extent to which this differs for those living in more or less disadvantaged neighbourhoods. DESIGN AND METHODS Existing Australian state-level spatial alcohol policies were reviewed. No appropriate spatial policies were identified; therefore, the literature was used to identify potential alcohol-related spatial measures. Spatial measures of alcohol outlet density were generated in a geographical information system and linked with health survey data drawn from 3141 adults living in metropolitan Melbourne. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between alcohol outlet density measures, self-rated health and area-level disadvantage. RESULTS Twelve spatial measures of alcohol outlet density were generated. Alcohol outlet density and self-rated health associations varied by area-level disadvantage. For those living in more disadvantaged areas, not having off-licenses available within 800 m, or on-licenses available within 400 m were protective of self-rated health. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Local alcohol outlet density may have a more detrimental effect on self-rated health for those living in more disadvantaged neighbourhoods, compared with those living in more advantaged areas. There is a need for spatial alcohol policies to help reduce alcohol-related harm. This research proposes a set of spatial measures to generate a more consistent understanding of alcohol availability in Australia. [Badland H, Mavoa S, Livingston M, David S, Giles-Corti B. Testing spatial measures of alcohol outlet density with self-rated health in the Australian context: Implications for policy and practice. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:298-306].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Badland
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Suzanne Mavoa
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie David
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Billie Giles-Corti
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Morrison
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter Cameron
- Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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