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Jost T, Schuster B, Heinzerling L, Weissmann T, Fietkau R, Distel LV, Hecht M. Kinase inhibitors increase individual radiation sensitivity in normal cells of cancer patients. Strahlenther Onkol 2022; 198:838-848. [PMID: 35471558 PMCID: PMC9402507 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-022-01945-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Kinase inhibitors (KI) are known to increase radiosensitivity, which can lead to increased risk of side effects. Data about interactions of commonly used KI with ionizing radiation on healthy tissue are rare. Patients and methods Freshly drawn blood samples were analyzed using three-color FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) to measure individual radiosensitivity via chromosomal aberrations after irradiation (2 Gy). Thresholds of 0.5 and 0.6 breaks/metaphase (B/M) indicate moderate or clearly increased radiosensitivity. Results The cohorts consisted of healthy individuals (NEG, n = 219), radiosensitive patients (POS, n = 24), cancer patients (n = 452) and cancer patients during KI therapy (n = 49). In healthy individuals radiosensitivity (≥ 0.6 B/M) was clearly increased in 5% of all cases, while in the radiosensitive cohort 79% were elevated. KI therapy increased the rate of sensitive patients (≥ 0.6 B/M) to 35% significantly compared to 19% in cancer patients without KI (p = 0.014). Increased radiosensitivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) among patients occurred in six of seven KI subgroups. The mean B/M values significantly increased during KI therapy (0.47 ± 0.20 B/M without compared to 0.50 ± 0.19 B/M with KI, p = 0.047). Conclusions Kinase inhibitors can intensify individual radiosensitivity of PBMCs distinctly in 85% of tested drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Jost
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Barbara Schuster
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lucie Heinzerling
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital München, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Weissmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luitpold V Distel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
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Wang W, Smith JL, Carlino MS, Burmeister B, Pinkham MB, Fogarty GB, Christie DRH, Estall V, Shackleton M, Clements A, Wolfe R, Thao LTP, Paton EJ, Steel V, Williams NC. Phase I/II trial of concurrent extracranial palliative radiation therapy with Dabrafenib and Trametinib in metastatic BRAF V600E/K mutation-positive cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 30:95-99. [PMID: 34458597 PMCID: PMC8379352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concurrent treatment with BRAF inhibitors and palliative radiation therapy (RT) could be associated with increased toxicity, especially skin toxicity. Current Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) consensus guideline recommend ceasing BRAF inhibitors during RT. There is a lack of data regarding concurrent RT with combined BRAF and MEK inhibitors. This single-arm phase I/II trial was designed to assess the safety and tolerability of palliative RT with concurrent Dabrafenib and Trametinib in patients with BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma. Materials and methods Patients received Dabrafenib and Trametinib before and during palliative RT to soft tissue, nodal or bony metastases. The RT dose was escalated stepwise during the study period. Toxicity data including clinical photographs of the irradiated area was collected for up to 12 months following completion of RT. Results Between June 2016 to October 2019, ten patients were enrolled before the study was stopped early due to low accrual rate. Six patients were treated at level 1 (20 Gy in 5 fractions, any location) and 4 patients at level 2a (30 Gy in 10 fractions with no abdominal viscera exposed). All alive patients completed one year of post-RT follow-up. Of the 82 adverse events (AEs) documented, the majority (90%) were grade 1 and 2. Eight grade 3 events (10%) occurred in five patients, only one was treatment-related (grade 3 fever due to Dabrafenib and Trametinib). No patients experienced grade 3 or 4 RT related toxicities, including skin toxicities. One serious AE was documented in relation to a grade 3 fever due to Dabrafenib and Trametinib requiring hospitalisation. Conclusions The lack of grade 3 and 4 RT-related toxicities in our study suggests that Dabrafenib and Trametinib may be continued concurrently during fractionated non-visceral palliative RT to extracranial sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jessica Louise Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Matteo Salvatore Carlino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Mark Blayne Pinkham
- Department Radiation Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.,Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Gerald Blaise Fogarty
- Mater Genesis Care Radiotherapy Centre, 25 Rocklands RD, Crows Nest, NSW 2065, Australia
| | | | - Vanessa Estall
- Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Mark Shackleton
- Department of Oncology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Arthur Clements
- SAN Integrated Cancer Centre, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Le Thi Phuong Thao
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Jane Paton
- Melanoma and Skin Cancer Trials, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Victoria Steel
- Melanoma and Skin Cancer Trials, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Narelle Catherine Williams
- Melanoma and Skin Cancer Trials, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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