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Alexandra B, Michal G, Frank H, Anne L, Christoph N, Eva Z, Ingrid S, Olaf K, Manigé F, Albert N, Monika R. Skin symptoms in veterinary assistant staff and veterinarians: a cross‐ sectional study. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:247-257. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beine Alexandra
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Gina Michal
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Hoffmeyer Frank
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Lotz Anne
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Nöllenheidt Christoph
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Zahradnik Eva
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Sander Ingrid
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Kleinmüller Olaf
- Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP) University Clinics Hamburg‐ Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Fartasch Manigé
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
| | - Nienhaus Albert
- Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP) University Clinics Hamburg‐ Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Health Research (AGG) Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) Hamburg Germany
| | - Raulf Monika
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr‐Universität Bochum (IPA) Bochum Germany
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2
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Elsner P. Aufhebung des Unterlassungszwangs bei der Berufskrankheit Haut: Hintergründe und Perspektiven. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:679-684. [PMID: 33979050 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14337_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Elsner
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Jena
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3
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Elsner P. Abolition of the obligation to cease an occupation for acknowledgment of an occupational skin disease: Backgrounds and perspectives. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:679-683. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Elsner
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena Jena Germany
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4
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Tizek L, Schielein MC, Berger U, Ege MJ, Schneider S, Zink A. Skin cancer risk and shade: comparing the risk of foresters with other outdoor workers. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2526-2533. [PMID: 32365247 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) is an increasingly important public health problem with an especially high prevalence in outdoor workers. In contrast to other occupations, foresters spend most of their outdoor time under the shade of trees. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the unique sun exposure patterns and sun protection behaviour of foresters with those of other outdoor workers and their relation to the KC risk. METHODS In July 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted at an international forestry fair using a questionnaire about health awareness and skin cancer screening by dermatologists to assess the prevalence of KC. RESULTS A total of 591 participants (78.7% male; mean age 46.8 ± 16.2 years) including 193 foresters were enrolled. Of all foresters, 72% experienced sunburns (solar erythema) within the past year and 50% of them experienced the worst sunburn during work. Foresters were most likely to often/always wear protective clothes (29.0%) but were least likely to often/always avoid midday sun (23.8%) and stay in the shade (31.1%). Having an outdoor profession or spending hours outside for leisure was negatively associated with sun protection. Skin examination revealed an overall KC prevalence of 16.7%, with 16.5% of foresters being affected. CONCLUSION Despite being protected by trees, the risk of KC for foresters is comparable to that of other professional groups. Shade alone may not provide sufficient protection. Additional sun protection measures are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tizek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M C Schielein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Berger
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M J Ege
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Schneider
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (MIPH), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
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Rocholl M, Ludewig M, John SM, Bitzer EM, Wilke A. Outdoor workers' perceptions of skin cancer risk and attitudes to sun-protective measures: A qualitative study. J Occup Health 2020; 62:e12083. [PMID: 31478315 PMCID: PMC6970388 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since January 2015, squamous cell carcinoma or multiple actinic keratosis of the skin caused by natural ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) is recognized as occupational disease in Germany. Interventions which improve the sun protection behavior of outdoor workers are urgently needed. When developing preventive interventions, the attitudes of target groups need to be taken into consideration. Therefore, outdoor workers' perceptions and attitudes were investigated. METHODS Seven guided, problem-centered qualitative interviews with healthy male outdoor workers were conducted. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS We found an underestimation of the perceived skin cancer risk in the seven outdoor workers and heterogeneous attitudes toward the usage of sun-protective measures. Participants stated that the feasibility of technical sun-protective measures depends on the size of the working area. While using a headgear seemed common, none of the participants stated using additional neck protection. Wearing long-sleeved shirts and long trousers were considered problematic. The interviews revealed important requirements for sun-protective clothes, especially in terms of different materials. Although the usage of sunscreen was common, our interviewees seemed to apply it wrongly. CONCLUSION Risk perceptions of outdoor workers and their attitudes toward sun protection measures may influence the factual UV protection behavior in the workplace. Structures to facilitate the implementation of technical and organizational sun-protective measures seem to be necessary. Educational interventions and clear instructions which are tailored to the individual needs and attitudes of outdoor workers are required to improve the UV protection behavior and to avoid common mistakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Rocholl
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michaela Ludewig
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eva Maria Bitzer
- Public Health and Health Education, University of Education Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Annika Wilke
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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6
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Ziehfreund S, Schuster B, Zink A. Primary prevention of keratinocyte carcinoma among outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals: a systematic review updated for 2019. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1477-1495. [PMID: 30801774 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide 2-3 million cases of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) are diagnosed annually. Sun-related knowledge is essential for adequate protection against solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), the main risk factor for KC. The goal was (i) to provide an updated overview of primary prevention against KC including skin cancer-related knowledge, attitudes and sun protection behaviour (SPB) of outdoor workers, the general population and medical professionals as well as (ii) to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of sun protection programmes. We conducted a systematic review of articles indexed for MEDLINE on PubMed using selected MeSH terms and keywords related to the studied topic as well as an extensive hand search of publications between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2018. We identified 51 relevant cross-sectional studies and 22 interventional studies. Sun-related knowledge and attitude showed substantial differences with some alarming results, including people who had not even heard about skin cancer before. Reported SPB varied enormously between the included studies, with none of the studies providing an overall sufficient SPB in their examined sun protection measures. However, sun protection programmes using new technologies seem to have great potential to increase sun-related knowledge and SPB. In countries worldwide, particularly in those where KC is not yet a public health issue, UVR protection should be promoted by healthcare institutions and authorities, politicians, cancer foundations and dermatologists to increase awareness as well as SPB and to decrease the worldwide burden of KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ziehfreund
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B Schuster
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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7
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Zink A, Schielein M, Wildner M, Rehfuess EA. 'Try to make good hay in the shade - it won't work!' A qualitative interview study on the perspectives of Bavarian farmers regarding primary prevention of skin cancer. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1412-1419. [PMID: 30861096 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the main risk factor for keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), making outdoor workers, including farmers, a high-risk population for KC. The use of sun protection is crucial for KC prevention but is not typically implemented by outdoor workers during their daily tasks. OBJECTIVES To explore the attitudes of Bavarian farmers regarding sun-protective measures in their daily work and to understand perceived barriers and unmet needs. METHODS Farmers were recruited through the Bavarian Farmers Association in Bavaria, Southern Germany. Qualitative semi structured interviews were conducted with participants between December 2017 and March 2018. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Twenty farmers (11 women, nine men; nine aged 18-30 years, 11 aged > 60 years) participated. Knowledge and awareness of UVR exposure and KC, perceived individual barriers to implementing sun-protective measures, individual experiences and farm life-specific circumstances emerged as key areas influencing the perspectives of farmers regarding the primary prevention of KC. Female farmers tended to take a more positive stance on sun protection, whereas male farmers showed a lower overall interest. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge and awareness of KC and UVR exposure is very limited in Bavarian farmers with serious perceived barriers due to the demands of daily agricultural work. Further qualitative studies are needed to identify intervention options that can increase skin cancer awareness and that can successfully overcome real barriers to implementing sun protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Schielein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Wildner
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Munich, Germany
| | - E A Rehfuess
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Buzzella A, Mazzini G, Vicini R, Angelinetta C, Pastoris O. A preliminary study of an alternative method for evaluating skin sensitizing potential of chemicals. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:257-264. [PMID: 30993720 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to comply with the European legislation concerning the risk assessment of skin sensitizers, considerable progress has been made in developing alternative methods, such as human cell line activation test (h-CLAT). H-CLAT is based on cytometric measurement of fluorescence emitted by anti-CD54 and anti-CD86 antibodies in THP-1 cells. Following this method, a range of substances have been analyzed; the emitted fluorescence, generally at low intensity, has caused problems concerning the interpretation of results. AIM Find an alternative parameter to h-CLAT for evaluating the sensitizing potential of chemicals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells have been analyzed with flow cytometry after treatment with sensitizing compounds administered at non-cytotoxic concentrations. RESULTS Sensitizers were able to inducealterations in cell morphology to a more 'condensed' one allowing the identification of cells under microscope as a 'sensitized' subpopulation. These variations cause similar modifications in 'scattering' parameters, making cells easily monitorable by flow cytometry. No changes have been observed in cells treated with non-sensitizers or in untreated cells. CONCLUSION This method based on the analysis of forward scatter and side scatter parameters, can be used as an alternative method for identifying sensitization potential of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buzzella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,BioBasic Europe s.r.l., Pavia, Italy
| | - G Mazzini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, CNR, Pavia, Italy
| | - R Vicini
- BioBasic Europe s.r.l., Pavia, Italy
| | | | - O Pastoris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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9
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Ziehfreund S, Schuster B, Biedermann T, Zink A. Understanding roofers' sun protection behaviour: a qualitative study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e193-e195. [PMID: 30710393 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ziehfreund
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - B Schuster
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - A Zink
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
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10
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Seidl S, Schuster B, Rüth M, Biedermann T, Zink A. What Do Germans Want to Know About Skin Cancer? A Nationwide Google Search Analysis From 2013 to 2017. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e10327. [PMID: 29698213 PMCID: PMC5956155 DOI: 10.2196/10327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Experts worldwide agree that skin cancer is a global health issue, but only a few studies have reported on world populations’ interest in skin cancer. Internet search data can reflect the interest of a population in different topics and thereby identify what the population wants to know. Objective Our aim was to assess the interest of the German population in nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma. Methods Google AdWords Keyword Planner was used to identify search terms related to nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma in Germany from November 2013 to October 2017. The identified search terms were assessed descriptively using SPSS version 24.0. In addition, the search terms were qualitatively categorized. Results A total of 646 skin cancer-related search terms were identified with 19,849,230 Google searches in the period under review. The search terms with the highest search volume were “skin cancer” (n=2,388,500, 12.03%), “white skin cancer” (n=2,056,900, 10.36%), “basalioma” (n=907,000, 4.57%), and “melanoma” (n=717,800, 3.62%). The most searched localizations of nonmelanoma skin cancer were “nose” (n=93,370, 38.99%) and “face” (n=53,270, 22.24%), and the most searched of melanoma were “nails” (n=46,270, 70.61%) and “eye” (n=10,480, 15.99%). The skin cancer‒related category with the highest search volume was “forms of skin cancer” (n=10,162,540, 23.28%) followed by “skin alterations” (n=4,962,020, 11.36%). Conclusions Our study provides insight into terms and fields of interest related to skin cancer relevant to the German population. Furthermore, temporal trends and courses are shown. This information could aid in the development and implementation of effective and sustainable awareness campaigns by developing information sources targeted to the population’s broad interest or by implementing new Internet campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Seidl
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schuster
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melvin Rüth
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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