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Rao J, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Guo J, Wan F, Xian X, Yang N, Liu W. Projecting the Global Potential Geographical Distribution of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) under Current and Future Climates. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:177. [PMID: 38534447 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), which is native to tropical Africa, has invaded more than 100 countries and constitutes a risk to the citrus sector. Studying its potential geographical distribution (PGD) in the context of global climate change is important for prevention and control efforts worldwide. Therefore, we used the CLIMEX model to project and assess the risk of global invasion by C. capitata under current (1981-2010) and future (2040-2059) climates. In the prevailing climatic conditions, the area of PGD for C. capitata was approximately 664.8 × 105 km2 and was concentrated in South America, southern Africa, southern North America, eastern Asia, and southern Europe. Under future climate conditions, the area of PGD for C. capitata is projected to decrease to approximately 544.1 × 105 km2 and shift to higher latitudes. Cold stress was shown to affect distribution at high latitudes, and heat stress was the main factor affecting distribution under current and future climates. According to the predicted results, countries with highly suitable habitats for C. capitata that have not yet been invaded, such as China, Myanmar, and Vietnam, must strengthen quarantine measures to prevent the introduction of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haoxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xian
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nianwan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Wanxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Arias MB, Hartle-Mougiou K, Taboada S, Vogler AP, Riesgo A, Elfekih S. Unveiling biogeographic patterns in the worldwide distributed Ceratitis capitata (medfly) using populations genomics and microbiome composition. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4866-4883. [PMID: 35838255 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species are among the most important, growing threats to food security and agricultural systems. The Mediterranean medfly, Ceratitis capitata, is one of the most damaging representatives of a group of rapidly expanding species in the Tephritidae family, due to their wide host range and high invasiveness potential. Here, we used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to investigate the population genomic structure and phylogeographic history of medflies collected from six sampling sites, including Africa (South Africa), the Mediterranean (Spain, Greece), Latin America (Guatemala, Brazil) and Australia. A total of 1,907 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to identify two genetic clusters separating native and introduced ranges, consistent with previous findings. In the introduced range, all individuals were assigned to one genetic cluster except for those in Brazil, which showed introgression of an additional genetic cluster that also appeared in South Africa, and which could not be previously identified using microsatellite markers. Moreover, we assessed the microbial composition variations in medfly populations from selected sampling sites using amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (V4 region). Microbiome composition and structure were highly similar across geographic regions and host plants, and only the Brazilian specimens showed increased diversity levels and a unique composition of its microbiome compared to other sampling sites. The unique SNP patterns and microbiome features in the Brazilian specimens could point to a direct migration route from Africa with subsequent adaptation of the microbiota to the specific conditions present in Brazil. These findings significantly improve our understanding of the evolutionary history of the global medfly invasions and their adaptation to newly colonised environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Arias
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Katherine Hartle-Mougiou
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Sergi Taboada
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.,Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museum Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Samia Elfekih
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Black Mountain, Canberra, Australia.,PEARG, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne VIC, Australia
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3
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Brazier T, Cherif E, Martin JF, Gilles A, Blanchet S, Zhao Y, Combe M, McCairns RJS, Gozlan RE. The influence of native populations’ genetic history on the reconstruction of invasion routes: the case of a highly invasive aquatic species. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02787-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Kapranas A, Chronopoulou A, Lytra IC, Peters A, Milonas PG, Papachristos DP. Efficacy and residual activity of commercially available entomopathogenic nematode strains for Mediterranean fruit fly control and their ability to infect infested fruits. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3964-3969. [PMID: 33864350 PMCID: PMC8453494 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) show potential in controlling larvae of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitate, but previous studies mainly concern species and strains that are not commercially available. The use of EPN for control of Mediterranean fruit fly is further hampered by the cost of using nematodes. In this study, the efficacy and residual activity of commercial strains of three EPN species, Steinernema carpοcapsae, S. feltiae and Heterοrhabditis bacteriοphοra medfly) C. capitata, in the soil substrate and inside fruits were evaluated. RESULTS Suspensions of these species were applied at a dose of 1.5 mi m-2 on a soil substrate wherein medfly larvae were added sequentially for a period of 4 weeks post application at 20 °C. S. feltiae provided the highest suppression up to 50% as assessed by adult medfly emergence because it had the highest immediate activity and long residual activity. Furthermore, S. feltiae, and to a lesser degree S. carpocapsae, were able to move and infect medfly larvae inside infested apples and oranges left in the surface of the substrate wherein EPN were applied, reducing significantly adult medfly emergence (60-78%). CONCLUSION These results support the efficacy and feasibility of applying a single, relatively low dose of S. feltiae in autumn, off-season, targeting overwintering medfly larvae with the scope of reducing the number of adult medflies emerging later in the new season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Kapranas
- Department of Entomology & Agricultural ZoologyBenaki Phytopathological InstituteKifissiaGreece
| | - Anna Chronopoulou
- Department of Entomology & Agricultural ZoologyBenaki Phytopathological InstituteKifissiaGreece
| | - Ioanna C Lytra
- Department of Entomology & Agricultural ZoologyBenaki Phytopathological InstituteKifissiaGreece
| | | | - Panagiotis G Milonas
- Department of Entomology & Agricultural ZoologyBenaki Phytopathological InstituteKifissiaGreece
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Looking at the big picture: worldwide population structure and range expansion of the cosmopolitan pest Ceratitis capitata (Diptera, Tephritidae). Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), is considered one of the most significant tephritid pest species worldwide and is an exotic species in most of its range. Here, we investigated polymorphism at 14 microsatellite loci for a total of 126 populations of C. capitata from six geographical regions, applying network theory and cluster analyses. Analyses revealed nine distinct modules for the Central American region and one in each of the remaining five regions. Bayesian cluster analysis revealed that the highest level of genetic partitioning corresponds with the presence of 3 well-defined genetic clusters. Our results confirm the African origin for Mediterranean populations based on genetic diversity and suggest a direct invasion of C. capitata from the Mediterranean to Central-America. South American populations show links with Central-America, but also exhibit indications of direct admixture with the European cluster. Additionally, the network analysis proposes a South American origin for the Madeiran and Hawaiian flies. Cluster analysis corroborates the hypothesis of a Mediterranean origin for Australian samples. Our work provides novel insights regarding the migration history of Medfly worldwide.
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Tuda M, Iwase SI, Kébé K, Haran J, Skuhrovec J, Sanaei E, Tsuji N, Podlussány A, Merkl O, El-Heneidy AH, Morimoto K. Diversification, selective sweep, and body size in the invasive Palearctic alfalfa weevil infected with Wolbachia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9664. [PMID: 33958611 PMCID: PMC8102540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The alfalfa weevil Hypera postica, native to the Western Palearctic, is an invasive legume pest with two divergent mitochondrial clades in its invading regions, the Western clade and the Eastern/Egyptian clade. However, knowledge regarding the native populations is limited. The Western clade is infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in host weevils. Our aim was to elucidate the spatial genetic structure of this insect and the effect of Wolbachia on its population diversity. We analyzed two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes of the weevil from its native ranges. The Western clade was distributed in western/central Europe, whereas the Eastern/Egyptian clade was distributed from the Mediterranean basin to central Asia. Intermediate mitotypes were found from the Balkans to central Asia. Most Western clade individuals in western Europe were infected with an identical Wolbachia strain. Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the infected individuals was minimal. The infected clades demonstrated a higher nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio than the uninfected clades, suggesting a higher fixation of nonsynonymous mutations due to a selective sweep by Wolbachia. Trans-Mediterranean and within-European dispersal routes were supported. We suggest that the ancestral populations diversified by geographic isolation due to glaciations and that the diversity was reduced in the west by a recent Wolbachia-driven sweep(s). The intermediate clade exhibited a body size and host plant that differed from the other clades. Pros and cons of the possible use of infected-clade males to control uninfected populations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Tuda
- Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Laboratory of Insect Natural Enemies, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shun-Ichiro Iwase
- Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, Japan
| | - Khadim Kébé
- GRBA-BE, LE3PI Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology, Polytechnic Higher School of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Julien Haran
- CBGP, Cirad, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jiri Skuhrovec
- Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agro-Ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovska, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Ehsan Sanaei
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Naomichi Tsuji
- Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Ottó Merkl
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ahmed H El-Heneidy
- Department of Biological Control, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Nikolouli K, Augustinos AA, Stathopoulou P, Asimakis E, Mintzas A, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. Genetic structure and symbiotic profile of worldwide natural populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. BMC Genet 2020; 21:128. [PMID: 33339507 PMCID: PMC7747371 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest of worldwide economic importance and a model for the development of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) for fruit flies of the Tephritidae family (Diptera). SIT relies on the effective mating of laboratory-reared strains and natural populations, and therefore requires an efficient mass-rearing system that will allow for the production of high-quality males. Adaptation of wild flies to an artificial laboratory environment can be accompanied by negative effects on several life history traits through changes in their genetic diversity and symbiotic communities. Such changes may lead to reduced biological quality and mating competitiveness in respect to the wild populations. Profiling wild populations can help understand, and maybe reverse, deleterious effects accompanying laboratory domestication thus providing insects that can efficiently and effectively support SIT application. RESULTS In the present study, we analyzed both the genetic structure and gut symbiotic communities of natural medfly populations of worldwide distribution, including Europe, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. The genetic structure of 408 individuals from 15 distinct populations was analyzed with a set of commonly used microsatellite markers. The symbiotic communities of a subset of 265 individuals from 11 populations were analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing of single individuals (adults). Genetic differentiation was detected among geographically distant populations while adults originated from neighboring areas were genetically closer. Alpha and beta diversity of bacterial communities pointed to an overall reduced symbiotic diversity and the influence of the geographic location on the bacterial profile. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis revealed differences both in the genetic profile and the structure of gut symbiotic communities of medfly natural populations. The genetic analysis expanded our knowledge to populations not analyzed before and our results were in accordance with the existing scenarios regarding this species expansion and colonization pathways. At the same time, the bacterial communities from different natural medfly populations have been characterized, thus broadening our knowledge on the microbiota of the species across its range. Genetic and symbiotic differences between natural and laboratory populations must be considered when designing AW-IPM approaches with a SIT component, since they may impact mating compatibility and mating competitiveness of the laboratory-reared males. In parallel, enrichment from wild populations and/or symbiotic supplementation could increase rearing productivity, biological quality, and mating competitiveness of SIT-important laboratory strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
- Present address: Department of Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, 26442, Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece.
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Ruiz-Arce R, Todd TN, Deleon R, Barr NB, Virgilio M, De Meyer M, McPheron BA. Worldwide Phylogeography of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Mitochondrial DNA. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:1455-1470. [PMID: 32112108 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), is one of the most economically important tephritid species worldwide. It has spread across six geographic regions as a result of successful invasions and continues to cause substantial losses to agricultural communities. Our study examined 1,864 flies originating from 150 localities, using mitochondrial DNA sequencing methods. We tested for population structure and revealed the genetic diversity for 1,592 specimens gathered from 144 wild fly collections from 46 countries representing the entire geographic range for this species. We also include in this study 272 Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) specimens from four SIT facilities. We recovered 202 haplotypes from the current sampling and updated previously published work to reveal a total of 231 haplotypes for this pest. These data show population structure at and below the regional level for these collections, shedding light on the current demographics for this species. We observed four common haplotypes, seen among 62% of the samples sequenced that have worldwide distribution. Three haplotypes were seen in SIT flies, with one seen as the predominant haplotype. Our work showed that two of the haplotypes were private to SIT flies, not present among wild fly collections. However, a third haplotype common among wild fly collections was also seen in one SIT facility but at a low frequency based on the current sampling. We provide guidance on the interpretation of these methods for the source estimation of current and future infestations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce A McPheron
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Nash W, Mohorianu I, Chapman T. Mate choice and gene expression signatures associated with nutritional adaptation in the medfly (Ceratitis capitata). Sci Rep 2019; 9:6704. [PMID: 31040302 PMCID: PMC6491435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary responses to nutrition are key to understanding host shifts and the resulting potential for reproductive isolation. Experimental evolution has previously been used to describe the responses of the medfly (Ceratitis capitata) to larval diets with different nutritional properties. Within 30 generations this led to divergence in larval development time, egg to adult survival and adaptation in adult body size. Here we used mRNA-seq to identify differences in gene expression patterns in these same populations, using males from the 60th generation of nutritional selection. We validated differential expression by using qRT-PCR and found that genes linked to metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and proteolysis were significantly over-represented among the differentially expressed genes. The results provide the first genome-wide survey of the putative mechanisms underpinning evolved responses to nutritional adaptation. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that nutritional adaptation can alter mating patterns. We found evidence for assortative mating by diet at generation 60, but not 90. Hence, the pattern was variable across generations and there was no evidence overall for any isolating mating divergence between the lines. Overall, the results provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning dietary adaptation and extend our knowledge of which traits represent core responses to nutritional selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Nash
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Irina Mohorianu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. .,School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Pahad G, Montgelard C, Jansen van Vuuren B. Phylogeography and niche modelling: reciprocal enlightenment. MAMMALIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2018-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phylogeography examines the spatial genetic structure of species. Environmental niche modelling (or ecological niche modelling; ENM) examines the environmental limits of a species’ ecological niche. These two fields have great potential to be used together. ENM can shed light on how phylogeographical patterns develop and help identify possible drivers of spatial structure that need to be further investigated. Specifically, ENM can be used to test for niche differentiation among clades, identify factors limiting individual clades and identify barriers and contact zones. It can also be used to test hypotheses regarding the effects of historical and future climate change on spatial genetic patterns by projecting niches using palaeoclimate or future climate data. Conversely, phylogeographical information can populate ENM with within-species genetic diversity. Where adaptive variation exists among clades within a species, modelling their niches separately can improve predictions of historical distribution patterns and future responses to climate change. Awareness of patterns of genetic diversity in niche modelling can also alert conservationists to the potential loss of genetically diverse areas in a species’ range. Here, we provide a simplistic overview of both fields, and focus on their potential for integration, encouraging researchers on both sides to take advantage of the opportunities available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govan Pahad
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology , University of Johannesburg , PO Box 524 , Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2000 , South Africa
| | - Claudine Montgelard
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology , University of Johannesburg , PO Box 524 , Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2000 , South Africa
- PSL Research University, CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier , EPHE, Biogéographie et Ecologie des Vertébrés , 1919 route de Mende , 34293 Montpellier , France
| | - Bettine Jansen van Vuuren
- Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology , University of Johannesburg , PO Box 524 , Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2000 , South Africa
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Mutamiswa R, Chidawanyika F, Nyamukondiwa C. Comparative assessment of the thermal tolerance of spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:847-860. [PMID: 28374539 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Under stressful thermal environments, insects adjust their behavior and physiology to maintain key life-history activities and improve survival. For interacting species, mutual or antagonistic, thermal stress may affect the participants in differing ways, which may then affect the outcome of the ecological relationship. In agroecosystems, this may be the fate of relationships between insect pests and their antagonistic parasitoids under acute and chronic thermal variability. Against this background, we investigated the thermal tolerance of different developmental stages of Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and its larval parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) using both dynamic and static protocols. When exposed for 2 h to a static temperature, lower lethal temperatures ranged from -9 to 6 °C, -14 to -2 °C, and -1 to 4 °C while upper lethal temperatures ranged from 37 to 48 °C, 41 to 49 °C, and 36 to 39 °C for C. partellus eggs, larvae, and C. sesamiae adults, respectively. Faster heating rates improved critical thermal maxima (CTmax ) in C. partellus larvae and adult C. partellus and C. sesamiae. Lower cooling rates improved critical thermal minima (CTmin ) in C. partellus and C. sesamiae adults while compromising CTmin in C. partellus larvae. The mean supercooling points (SCPs) for C. partellus larvae, pupae, and adults were -11.82 ± 1.78, -10.43 ± 1.73 and -15.75 ± 2.47, respectively. Heat knock-down time (HKDT) and chill-coma recovery time (CCRT) varied significantly between C. partellus larvae and adults. Larvae had higher HKDT than adults, while the latter recovered significantly faster following chill-coma. Current results suggest developmental stage differences in C. partellus thermal tolerance (with respect to lethal temperatures and critical thermal limits) and a compromised temperature tolerance of parasitoid C. sesamiae relative to its host, suggesting potential asynchrony between host-parasitoid population phenology and consequently biocontrol efficacy under global change. These results have broad implications to biological pest management insect-natural enemy interactions under rapidly changing thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyard Mutamiswa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Frank Chidawanyika
- Agricultural Research Council, Plant Protection Research, Weeds Division, Private Bag X6006, Hilton 3245, South Africa
| | - Casper Nyamukondiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
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Arias MB, Elfekih S, Vogler AP. Population genetics and migration pathways of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata inferred with coalescent methods. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5340. [PMID: 30123697 PMCID: PMC6086102 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive species are a growing threat to food biosecurity and cause significant economic losses in agricultural systems. Despite their damaging effect, they are attractive models for the study of evolution and adaptation in newly colonised environments. The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, as a member of the family Tephritidae, is one of the most studied invasive species feeding on many fruit crops in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. This study aims to determine the global macrogeographic population structure of Ceratitis capitata and reconstruct its potential migration routes. Method A partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from >400 individual medflies and 14 populations from four continents was sequenced and subjected to Bayesian demographic modelling. Results The Afrotropical populations (Kenya, South Africa and Ghana) harbour the majority of haplotypes detected, which also are highly divergent, in accordance with the presumed ancestral range of medflies in Sub-Saharan Africa. All other populations in the presumed non-native areas were dominated by a single haplotype also present in South Africa, in addition to a few, closely related haplotypes unique to a single local population or regional set, but missing from Africa. Bayesian coalescence methods revealed recent migration pathways from Africa to all continents, in addition to limited bidirectional migration among many local and intercontinental routes. Conclusion The detailed investigation of the recent migration history highlights the interconnectedness of affected crop production regions worldwide and pinpoints the routes and potential source areas requiring more specific quarantine measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Arias
- Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samia Elfekih
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Black Mountain, Canberra, Australia
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Imperial College London, Ascot, United Kingdom.,Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
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Geographic variation and plasticity in climate stress resistance among southern African populations of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Sci Rep 2018; 8:9849. [PMID: 29959431 PMCID: PMC6026165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Traits of thermal sensitivity or performance are typically the focus of species distribution modelling. Among-population trait variation, trait plasticity, population connectedness and the possible climatic covariation thereof are seldom accounted for. Here, we examine multiple climate stress resistance traits, and the plasticity thereof, for a globally invasive agricultural pest insect, the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). We also accounted for body size and population genetic connectivity among distinct populations from diverse bioclimatic regions across southern Africa. Desiccation resistance, starvation resistance, and critical thermal minimum (CTmin) and maximum (CTmax) of C. capitata varied between populations. For thermal tolerance traits, patterns of flexibility in response to thermal acclimation were suggestive of beneficial acclimation, but this was not the case for desiccation or starvation resistance. Population differences in measured traits were larger than those associated with acclimation, even though gene flow was high. Desiccation resistance was weakly but positively affected by growing degree-days. There was also a weak positive relationship between CTmin and temperature seasonality, but CTmax was weakly but negatively affected by the same bioclimatic variable. Our results suggest that the invasive potential of C. capitata may be supported by adaptation of tolerance traits to local bioclimatic conditions.
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Dispersal mechanisms for zebra mussels: population genetics supports clustered invasions over spread from hub lakes in Minnesota. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Sikkink KL, Kobiela ME, Snell-Rood EC. Genomic adaptation to agricultural environments: cabbage white butterflies (Pieris rapae) as a case study. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:412. [PMID: 28549454 PMCID: PMC5446745 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Agricultural environments have long presented an opportunity to study evolution in action, and genomic approaches are opening doors for testing hypotheses about adaptation to crops, pesticides, and fertilizers. Here, we begin to develop the cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae) as a system to test questions about adaptation to novel, agricultural environments. We focus on a population in the north central United States as a unique case study: here, canola, a host plant, has been grown during the entire flight period of the butterfly over the last three decades. Results First, we show that the agricultural population has diverged phenotypically relative to a nonagricultural population: when reared on a host plant distantly related to canola, the agricultural population is smaller and more likely to go into diapause than the nonagricultural population. Second, drawing from deep sequencing runs from six individuals from the agricultural population, we assembled the gut transcriptome of this population. Then, we sequenced RNA transcripts from the midguts of 96 individuals from this canola agricultural population and the nonagricultural population in order to describe patterns of genomic divergence between the two. While population divergence is low, 235 genes show evidence of significant differentiation between populations. These genes are significantly enriched for cofactor and small molecule metabolic processes, and many genes also have transporter or catalytic activity. Analyses of population structure suggest the agricultural population contains a subset of the genetic variation in the nonagricultural population. Conclusions Taken together, our results suggest that adaptation of cabbage whites to an agricultural environment occurred at least in part through selection on standing genetic variation. Both the phenotypic and genetic data are consistent with the idea that this pest has adapted to an abundant and predictable agricultural resource through a narrowing of niche breadth and loss of genetic variants rather than de novo gain of adaptive alleles. The present research develops genomic resources to pave the way for future studies using cabbage whites as a model contributing to our understanding of adaptation to agricultural environments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3787-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Sikkink
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, 140 Gortner Lab, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Megan E Kobiela
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, 140 Gortner Lab, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Emilie C Snell-Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, 140 Gortner Lab, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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16
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Leftwich PT, Nash WJ, Friend LA, Chapman T. Adaptation to divergent larval diets in the medfly, Ceratitis capitata. Evolution 2017; 71:289-303. [PMID: 27883361 PMCID: PMC5324619 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Variation in diet can influence the timing of major life-history events and can drive population diversification and ultimately speciation. Proximate responses of life histories to diet have been well studied. However, there are scant experimental data on how organisms adapt to divergent diets over the longer term. We focused on this omission by testing the responses of a global pest, the Mediterranean fruitfly, to divergent selection on larval diets of different nutritional profiles. Tests conducted before and after 30 generations of nutritional selection revealed a complex interplay between the effects of novel larval dietary conditions on both plastic and evolved responses. There were proximate-only responses to the larval diet in adult male courtship and the frequency of copulation. Males on higher calorie larval diets consistently engaged in more bouts of energetic courtship. In contrast, following selection, larval development time, and egg to adult survival showed evidence of evolved divergence between diet regimes. Adult body size showed evidence for adaptation, with flies being significantly heavier when reared on their "own" diet. The results show the multifaceted responses of individuals to dietary selection and are important in understanding the extreme generalism exhibited by the medfly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T. Leftwich
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUnited Kingdom
| | - William J. Nash
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUnited Kingdom
| | - Lucy A. Friend
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUnited Kingdom
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7TJUnited Kingdom
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17
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Longdon B, Day JP, Schulz N, Leftwich PT, de Jong MA, Breuker CJ, Gibbs M, Obbard DJ, Wilfert L, Smith SCL, McGonigle JE, Houslay TM, Wright LI, Livraghi L, Evans LC, Friend LA, Chapman T, Vontas J, Kambouraki N, Jiggins FM. Vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses are found across three insect families and have dynamic interactions with their hosts. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20162381. [PMID: 28100819 PMCID: PMC5310039 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A small number of free-living viruses have been found to be obligately vertically transmitted, but it remains uncertain how widespread vertically transmitted viruses are and how quickly they can spread through host populations. Recent metagenomic studies have found several insects to be infected with sigma viruses (Rhabdoviridae). Here, we report that sigma viruses that infect Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata), Drosophila immigrans, and speckled wood butterflies (Pararge aegeria) are all vertically transmitted. We find patterns of vertical transmission that are consistent with those seen in Drosophila sigma viruses, with high rates of maternal transmission, and lower rates of paternal transmission. This mode of transmission allows them to spread rapidly in populations, and using viral sequence data we found the viruses in D. immigrans and C. capitata had both recently swept through host populations. The viruses were common in nature, with mean prevalences of 12% in C. capitata, 38% in D. immigrans and 74% in P. aegeria We conclude that vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses may be widespread in a broad range of insect taxa, and that these viruses can have dynamic interactions with their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Longdon
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Jonathan P Day
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Nora Schulz
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Philip T Leftwich
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Maaike A de Jong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Casper J Breuker
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Melanie Gibbs
- NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Darren J Obbard
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Lena Wilfert
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Sophia C L Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - John E McGonigle
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Thomas M Houslay
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Lucy I Wright
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus TR10 9FE, UK
- Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Luca Livraghi
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Luke C Evans
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Research Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, UK
| | - Lucy A Friend
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - John Vontas
- Lab Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Molecular Entomology, Institute Molecular Biology and Biotechnology/Foundation for Research and Technology, Voutes, 70013, Heraklio, Crete, Greece
| | - Natasa Kambouraki
- Lab Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Molecular Entomology, Institute Molecular Biology and Biotechnology/Foundation for Research and Technology, Voutes, 70013, Heraklio, Crete, Greece
| | - Francis M Jiggins
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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18
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Gallo-Franco JJ, Velasco-Cuervo SM, Aguirre-Ramirez E, González Obando R, Carrejo NS, Toro-Perea N. Genetic diversity and population structure of Anastrepha striata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in three natural regions of southwestern Colombia using mitochondrial sequences. Genetica 2017; 145:79-89. [PMID: 28093669 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-016-9947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anastrepha striata is widely distributed across the Americas and is a pest of economically important crops, especially crops of the Myrtaceae family. Insect population structures can be influenced by the presence of physical barriers or characteristics associated with habitat differences. This study evaluated the effect of the Western Andes on the population structure of A. striata. Individuals were collected from Psidium guajava fruits from three natural regions of southwestern Colombia (Pacific Coast, mountainous region and the inter-Andean valley of the Cauca River). Based on a 1318 bp concatenated of the genes Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6), 14 haplotypes with few changes among them (between 1 and 3) were found. There was only one dominant haplotype in all three regions. No genetic structure associated with the three eco-geographical regions of the study was found. Moreover, the Western Andes are not an effective barrier for the genetic isolation of the populations from the Pacific Coast compared with the inter-Andean valley populations. This genetic homogeneity could be partially due to anthropogenic intervention, which acts as a dispersal agent of infested fruits. Another hypothesis to explain the lack of structure would be the relatively recent arrival of A. striata to the region, as indicated by an analysis of the demographic history, which reveals a process of population expansion. This study represents the first attempt to understand the population genetics of A. striata in Colombia and could contribute to the integral management of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Johana Gallo-Franco
- Departamento de Biología, Sección de genética, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia.
| | | | - Elkin Aguirre-Ramirez
- Departamento de Biología, Sección de genética, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia
| | - Ranulfo González Obando
- Departamento de biología, Sección de entomología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nancy Soraya Carrejo
- Departamento de biología, Sección de entomología, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nelson Toro-Perea
- Departamento de Biología, Sección de genética, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali, Colombia
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Szyniszewska AM, Leppla NC, Huang Z, Tatem AJ. Analysis of Seasonal Risk for Importation of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), via Air Passenger Traffic Arriving in Florida and California. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 109:2317-2328. [PMID: 27594703 PMCID: PMC5225961 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is one of the most economically damaging pests in the world and has repeatedly invaded two major agricultural states in the United States, Florida and California, each time requiring costly eradication. The Mediterranean fruit fly gains entry primarily in infested fruit carried by airline passengers and, since Florida and California each receive about 13 million international passengers annually, the risk of Mediterranean fruit fly entering the United States is potentially very high. The risk of passengers bringing the pest into Florida or California from Mediterranean fruit fly-infested countries was determined with two novel models, one estimated seasonal variation in airline passenger number and the other defined the seasonal and spatial variability in Mediterranean fruit fly abundance. These models elucidated relationships among the risk factors for Mediterranean fruit fly introduction, such as amount of passenger traffic, routes traveled, season of travel, abundance of Mediterranean fruit fly in countries where flights departed, and risk of the pest arriving at destination airports. The risk of Mediterranean fruit fly being introduced into Florida was greatest from Colombia, Brazil, Panama, Venezuela, Argentina, and Ecuador during January-August, whereas primarily the risk to California was from Brazil, Panama, Colombia, and Italy in May-August. About three times more Mediterranean fruit flies were intercepted in passenger baggage at airports in Florida than California, although the data were compromised by a lack of systematic sampling and other limitations. Nevertheless, this study achieved the goal of analyzing available data on seasonal passenger flow and Mediterranean fruit fly population levels to determine when surveillance should be intensified at key airports in Florida and California.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Szyniszewska
- Geography Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 ( )
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 ( , )
| | - N C Leppla
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 (, )
| | - Z Huang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Beijing, China
| | - A J Tatem
- Department of Geography and Environment, WorldPop Project, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom ( )
- National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, ( )
- Flowminder Foundation, Stockholm, SE ( )
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20
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Karsten M, Addison P, Jansen van Vuuren B, Terblanche JS. Investigating population differentiation in a major African agricultural pest: evidence from geometric morphometrics and connectivity suggests high invasion potential. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:3019-32. [PMID: 27085997 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution, spatial pattern and population dynamics of a species can be influenced by differences in the environment across its range. Spatial variation in climatic conditions can cause local populations to undergo disruptive selection and ultimately result in local adaptation. However, local adaptation can be constrained by gene flow and may favour resident individuals over migrants-both are factors critical to the assessment of invasion potential. The Natal fruit fly (Ceratitis rosa) is a major agricultural pest in Africa with a history of island invasions, although its range is largely restricted to south east Africa. Across Africa, C. rosa is genetically structured into two clusters (R1 and R2), with these clusters occurring sympatrically in the north of South Africa. The spatial distribution of these genotypic clusters remains unexamined despite their importance for understanding the pest's invasion potential. Here, C. rosa, sampled from 22 South African locations, were genotyped at 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci and assessed morphologically using geometric morphometric wing shape analyses to investigate patterns of population structure and determine connectedness of pest-occupied sites. Our results show little to no intraspecific (population) differentiation, high population connectivity, high effective population sizes and only one morphological type (R2) within South Africa. The absence of the R1 morphotype at sites where it was previously found may be a consequence of differences in thermal niches of the two morphotypes. Overall, our results suggest high invasion potential of this species, that area-wide pest management should be undertaken on a country-wide scale, and that border control is critical to preventing further invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karsten
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - P Addison
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - B Jansen van Vuuren
- Department of Zoology, Molecular Zoology Laboratory, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - J S Terblanche
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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21
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Weldon CW, Boardman L, Marlin D, Terblanche JS. Physiological mechanisms of dehydration tolerance contribute to the invasion potential of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) relative to its less widely distributed congeners. Front Zool 2016; 13:15. [PMID: 27034703 PMCID: PMC4815119 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-016-0147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a highly invasive species now with an almost cosmopolitan distribution. Two other damaging, polyphagous and closely-related species, the marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), and the Natal fly, Ceratitis rosa Karsch, are not established outside of sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, adult water balance traits and nutritional body composition were measured in all three species at different temperatures and levels of relative humidity to determine whether tolerance of water stress may partially explain their distribution. Results Adult C. capitata exhibited higher desiccation resistance than C. rosa but not C. cosyra. Desiccation resistance of C. capitata was associated with lower rates of water loss under hot and dry conditions, higher dehydration tolerance, and higher lipid reserves that were catabolised during water stress. In comparison with C. capitata, C. cosyra and C. rosa lost water at significantly higher rates under hot, dry conditions, and did not catabolise lipids or other sources of metabolic water during water stress. Conclusions These results suggest that adult physiological traits permitting higher tolerance of water stress play a role in the success of C. capitata, particularly relative to C. rosa. The distribution of C. cosyra is likely determined by the interaction of temperature with water stress, as well as the availability of suitable hosts for larval development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-016-0147-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W Weldon
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 South Africa
| | - Leigh Boardman
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa ; Present address: Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, PO Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620 USA
| | - Danica Marlin
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 South Africa ; Present address: School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, 2000 South Africa
| | - John S Terblanche
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
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23
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Predicted decrease in global climate suitability masks regional complexity of invasive fruit fly species response to climate change. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Gibert P, Hill M, Pascual M, Plantamp C, Terblanche JS, Yassin A, Sgrò CM. Drosophila as models to understand the adaptive process during invasion. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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