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Patinho I, Antonelo DS, Delgado EF, Alessandroni L, Balieiro JCC, Contreras Castillo CJ, Gagaoua M. In-depth exploration of the high and normal pH beef proteome: First insights emphasizing the dynamic protein changes in Longissimus thoracis muscle from pasture-finished Nellore bulls over different postmortem times. Meat Sci 2024; 216:109557. [PMID: 38852285 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate for the first time the temporal dynamic changes in early postmortem proteome of normal and high ultimate pH (pHu) beef samples from the same cattle using a shotgun proteomics approach. Ten selected carcasses classified as normal (pHu < 5.8; n = 5) or high (pHu ≥ 6.2; n = 5) pHu beef from pasture-finished Nellore (Bos taurus indicus) bulls were sampled from Longissimus thoracis muscle at 30 min, 9 h and 44 h postmortem for proteome comparison. The temporal proteomics profiling quantified 863 proteins, from which 251 were differentially abundant (DAPs) between high and normal pHu at 30 min (n = 33), 9 h (n = 181) and 44 h (n = 37). Among the myriad interconnected pathways regulating pH decline during postmortem metabolism, this study revealed the pivotal role of energy metabolism, cellular response to stress, oxidoreductase activity and muscle system process pathways throughout the early postmortem. Twenty-three proteins overlap among postmortem times and may be suggested as candidate biomarkers to the dark-cutting condition development. The study further evidenced for the first time the central role of ribosomal proteins and histones in the first minutes after animal bleeding. Moreover, this study revealed the disparity in the mechanisms underpinning the development of dark-cutting beef condition among postmortem times, emphasizing multiple dynamic changes in the muscle proteome. Therefore, this study revealed important insights regarding the temporal dynamic changes that occur in early postmortem of high and normal muscle pHu beef, proposing specific pathways to determine the biological mechanisms behind dark-cutting determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliani Patinho
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Antonelo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Delgado
- Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Alessandroni
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (CHIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Júlio C C Balieiro
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Carmen J Contreras Castillo
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
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2
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Xiao H, Yang X, Huang S. SMAGP regulates doxorubicin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer cells via modulating mitochondrial respiration. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:43-52. [PMID: 36436062 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy remains as a major therapeutic approach for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, insensitivity or resistance to doxorubicin treatment limits the therapeutic efficacy. Mitochondrial respiration plays a critical role in regulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. Here, we found that small trans-membrane and glycosylated protein (SMAGP) is upregulated in TNBC cells in comparison to normal breast and other subtypes of breast cancer cells. High SMAGP expression is associated with poorer overall survival of TNBC patients. Importantly, loss of SMAGP enhanced the sensitivity of TNBC cells to doxorubicin treatment. Mechanistically, we detected a functional pool of SMAGP in the mitochondria of TNBC cells controlling doxorubicin sensitivity via regulating mitochondrial respiration. Thus, our data suggest that SMAGP acts as a novel regulator of doxorubicin sensitivity in TNBC, identifying SMAGP as a promising therapeutic target for improving the efficacy of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xifeng Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shaoyan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China.
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3
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de Campos DP, Silva-Barcellos NM, Caldeira TG, Mussel WDN, Silveira V, de Souza J. Donepezil Hydrochloride BCS Class Ambiguity: Relevant Aspects to be Considered in Drug Classification. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:3064-3074. [PMID: 35787368 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Donepezil hydrochloride (DH) is the most used anti-Alzheimer's disease drug, however, its classification according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is not clear in the literature. BCS is one of the accepted criteria used to grant biowaiver (waiver of in vivo bioequivalence studies) of new drug products. So, the purpose of this work was to elucidate the BCS classification of DH and to raise the discussion about the possibility of biowaiver for new medicines containing it. The polymorphic form was previously identified as form III of DH. The drug showed high solubility in the entire pH range evaluated (1.2 to 6.8, at 37 °C) with a pH-dependent solubility profile. The effective permeability (Peff) values obtained with different DH concentrations, using in situ closed-loop perfusion model were statistically similar (p > 0.05), even when compared to high permeability control used (ketoprofen), demonstrating that DH has high permeability which, associated with its high solubility, allows to classify DH as BCS class 1. Relevant data to evaluate for granting a biowaiver for new medicines were also reviewed from the literature. Based on information reunited new immediate-release drug products containing DH should be eligible for BCS-based biowaiver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Priscila de Campos
- Quality Control Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Neila Márcia Silva-Barcellos
- Quality Control Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Tamires Guedes Caldeira
- Quality Control Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Wagner da Nova Mussel
- Department of Chemistry. Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virgínia Silveira
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline de Souza
- Quality Control Laboratory - Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy. School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
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Mitochondrial Inhibition by Sodium Azide Induces Assembly of eIF2α Phosphorylation-Independent Stress Granules in Mammalian Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105600. [PMID: 35628412 PMCID: PMC9142010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial stress is involved in many pathological conditions and triggers the integrated stress response (ISR). The ISR is initiated by phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 2α and results in global inhibition of protein synthesis, while the production of specific proteins important for the stress response and recovery is favored. The stalled translation preinitiation complexes phase-separate together with local RNA binding proteins into cytoplasmic stress granules (SG), which are important for regulation of cell signaling and survival under stress conditions. Here we found that mitochondrial inhibition by sodium azide (NaN3) in mammalian cells leads to translational inhibition and formation of SGs, as previously shown in yeast. Although mammalian NaN3-induced SGs are very small, they still contain the canonical SG proteins Caprin 1, eIF4A, eIF4E, eIF4G and eIF3B. Similar to FCCP and oligomycine, other mitochodrial stressors that cause SG formation, NaN3-induced SGs are formed by an eIF2α phosphorylation-independent mechanisms. Finally, we discovered that as shown for arsenite (ASN), but unlike FCCP or heatshock stress, Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is required for formation of NaN3-induced SGs.
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Actin Filament in the First Cell Cycle Contributes to the Determination of the Anteroposterior Axis in Ascidian Development. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10010010. [PMID: 35225963 PMCID: PMC8884010 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In many animal species, the body axis is determined by the relocalization of maternal determinants, organelles, or unique cell populations in a cytoskeleton-dependent manner. In the ascidian first cell cycle, the myoplasm, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and maternal mRNAs, move to the future posterior side concomitantly (called ooplasmic segregation or cytoplasmic and cortical reorganization). This translocation consists of first and second phases depending on the actin and microtubule, respectively. However, the transition from first to second phase, that is, translocation of myoplasmic components from microfilaments to microtubules, has been poorly investigated. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between these cytoskeletons and myoplasmic components during the first cell cycle and their role in morphogenesis by inhibitor experiments. Owing to our improved visualization techniques, there was unexpected F-actin accumulation at the vegetal pole during this transition period. When this F-actin was depolymerized, the microtubule structure was strongly affected, the myoplasmic components, including maternal mRNA, were mislocalized, and the anteroposterior axis formation was disordered. These results suggested the importance of F-actin during the first cell cycle and the existence of interactions between microfilaments and microtubules, implying the enigmatic mechanism of ooplasmic segregation. Solving this mystery leads us to an improved understanding of ascidian early development.
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Dynamic changes in the association between maternal mRNAs and endoplasmic reticulum during ascidian early embryogenesis. Dev Genes Evol 2021; 232:1-14. [PMID: 34921621 PMCID: PMC8918112 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-021-00683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Axis formation is one of the most important events occurring at the beginning of animal development. In the ascidian egg, the antero-posterior axis is established at this time owing to a dynamic cytoplasmic movement called cytoplasmic and cortical reorganisation. During this movement, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and maternal mRNAs (postplasmic/PEM RNAs) are translocated to the future posterior side. Although accumulating evidence indicates the crucial roles played by the asymmetrical localisation of these organelles and the translational regulation of postplasmic/PEM RNAs, the organisation of ER has not been described in sufficient detail to date owing to technical difficulties. In this study, we developed three different multiple staining protocols for visualising the ER in combination with mitochondria, microtubules, or mRNAs in whole-mount specimens. We defined the internally expanded “dense ER” using these protocols and described cisterna-like structures of the dense ER using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy. Most importantly, we described the dynamic changes in the colocalisation of postplasmic/PEM mRNAs and dense ER; for example, macho-1 mRNA was detached and excluded from the dense ER during the second phase of ooplasmic movements. These detailed descriptions of the association between maternal mRNA and ER can provide clues for understanding the translational regulation mechanisms underlying axis determination during ascidian early embryogenesis.
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7
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Gazo I, Gomes IDL, Savy T, Besnardeau L, Hebras C, Benaicha S, Brunet M, Shaliutina O, McDougall A, Peyrieras N, Dumollard R. High-content analysis of larval phenotypes for the screening of xenobiotic toxicity using Phallusia mammillata embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 232:105768. [PMID: 33592501 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, pollution of surface waters with xenobiotic compounds became an issue of concern in society and has been the object of numerous studies. Most of these xenobiotic compounds are man-made molecules and some of them are qualified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) when they interfere with hormones actions. Several studies have investigated the teratogenic impacts of EDCs in vertebrates (including marine vertebrates). However, the impact of such EDCs on marine invertebrates is much debated and still largely obscure. In addition, DNA-altering genotoxicants can induce embryonic malformations. The goal of this study is to develop a reliable and effective test for assessing toxicity of chemicals using embryos of the ascidian (Phallusia mammillata) in order to find phenotypic signatures associated with xenobiotics. We evaluated embryonic malformations with high-content analysis of larval phenotypes by scoring several quantitative and qualitative morphometric endpoints on a single image of Phallusia tadpole larvae with semi-automated image analysis. Using this approach we screened different classes of toxicants including genotoxicants, known or suspected EDCs and nuclear receptors (NRs) ligands. The screen presented here reveals a specific phenotypic signature for ligands of retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor. Analysis of larval morphology combined with DNA staining revealed that embryos with DNA aberrations displayed severe malformations affecting multiple aspects of embryonic development. In contrast EDCs exposure induced no or little DNA aberrations and affected mainly neural development. Therefore the ascidian embryo/larval assay presented here can allow to distinguish the type of teratogenicity induced by different classes of toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgeniia Gazo
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Isa D L Gomes
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Thierry Savy
- BioEmergences Laboratory, CNRS USR 3695, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lydia Besnardeau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Celine Hebras
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Sameh Benaicha
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Manon Brunet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Olena Shaliutina
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Alex McDougall
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
| | - Nadine Peyrieras
- BioEmergences Laboratory, CNRS USR 3695, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rémi Dumollard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche sur-mer, France
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8
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Ishii H, Tani T. Dynamic organization of cortical actin filaments during the ooplasmic segregation of ascidian Ciona eggs. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:274-288. [PMID: 33296225 PMCID: PMC8098833 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-01-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial reorganization of cytoplasm in zygotic cells is critically important for establishing the body plans of many animal species. In ascidian zygotes, maternal determinants (mRNAs) are first transported to the vegetal pole a few minutes after fertilization and then to the future posterior side of the zygotes in a later phase of cytoplasmic reorganization, before the first cell division. Here, by using a novel fluorescence polarization microscope that reports the position and the orientation of fluorescently labeled proteins in living cells, we mapped the local alignments and the time-dependent changes of cortical actin networks in Ciona eggs. The initial cytoplasmic reorganization started with the contraction of vegetal hemisphere approximately 20 s after the fertilization-induced [Ca2+] increase. Timing of the vegetal contraction was consistent with the emergence of highly aligned actin filaments at the cell cortex of the vegetal hemisphere, which ran perpendicular to the animal-vegetal axis. We propose that the cytoplasmic reorganization is initiated by the local contraction of laterally aligned cortical actomyosin in the vegetal hemisphere, which in turn generates the directional movement of cytoplasm within the whole egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ishii
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | - Tomomi Tani
- Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
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9
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Xiao Y, Xu W, Komohara Y, Fujiwara Y, Hirose H, Futaki S, Niidome T. Effect of Surface Modifications on Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanorods in Human Primary Cells and Established Cell Lines. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32744-32752. [PMID: 33376912 PMCID: PMC7758961 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are engulfed by the cellular membrane and budded off inside the cells to form vesicles. It plays key roles in controlling nutritional component uptake, immune responses, and other biological functions. A comprehensive understanding of endocytosis gives insights into such physiological functions and informs the design of medical nanodevices that need to enter cells. So far, endocytosis has been studied mostly using established cell lines. However, the established cell lines generally originate from cancer cells or are transformed from normal cells into immortalized cells. Therefore, primary cells may give us more reliable information about the endocytosis process of nanoparticles into cells. In this research, we studied the uptake of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with four different surface modifications (anionic/cationic polymers and anionic/cationic silica) by two kinds of primary cells (human monocyte-derived macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells) and two kinds of established cell lines (HeLa cells and RAW 264.7 cells). We found that the surface properties of AuNRs affected their cellular uptake, and the cationic surface tended was advantageous for uptake, but it depended on the cell types. Control experiments using inhibitors of representative endocytosis pathways (macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis) indicated that primary cells had a dominant uptake pathway for internalization of the AuNRs, whereas the established cell lines had multiple pathways. Our results provide us with novel insights into cellular uptake of AuNRs in that they depend not only on surface characters of the nanoparticles but also cell types, such as primary cells and established cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Xiao
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Wei Xu
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department
of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department
of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Faculty
of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto
University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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10
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Wang F, Liu LS, Lau CH, Han Chang TJ, Tam DY, Leung HM, Tin C, Lo PK. Synthetic α-l-Threose Nucleic Acids Targeting BcL-2 Show Gene Silencing and in Vivo Antitumor Activity for Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:38510-38518. [PMID: 31556592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We design and synthesize a sequence-defined α-l-threose nucleic acid (TNA) polymer, which is complementary to certain nucleotide sites of target anti-apoptotic proteins, BcL-2 involving in development and progression of tumors. Compared to scramble TNA, anti-BcL-2 TNA significantly suppresses target mRNA and protein expression in cancerous cells and shows antitumor activity in carcinoma xenografts, resulting in suppression of tumor cell growth and induction of tumor cell death. Together with good biocompatibility, very low toxicity, excellent specificity features, and strong binding affinity toward the complementary target RNAs, TNAs become new useful biomaterials and effective alternatives to traditional antisense oligonucleotides including locked nucleic acids, morpholino oligomers, and peptide nucleic acids in antisense therapy. Compared to conventional cancer therapy such as radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy, we anticipate that this TNA-based polymeric system will work effectively in antisense cancer therapy and shortly start to play an important role in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Care , Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen 518057 , China
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11
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Horikawa A, Yoneda T, Yaoita E, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Kuramochi M, Yamate J, Inui T, Ishibashi O. A novel splicing variant of small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 is a podocyte-selective non-coding RNA upregulated in response to puromycin aminonucleoside-induced podocyte injury. J Biochem 2018; 165:447-454. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Horikawa
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yoneda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eishin Yaoita
- Department of Structural Pathology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Inui
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishibashi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Massive cytoplasmic transport and microtubule organization in fertilized chordate eggs. Dev Biol 2018; 448:154-160. [PMID: 30521810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Eggs have developed their own strategies for early development. Amphibian, teleost fish, and ascidian eggs show cortical rotation and an accompanying structure, a cortical parallel microtubule (MT) array, during the one-cell embryonic stage. Cortical rotation is thought to relocate maternal deposits to a certain compartment of the egg and to polarize the embryo. The common features and differences among chordate eggs as well as localized maternal proteins and mRNAs that are related to the organization of MT structures are described in this review. Furthermore, recent studies report progress in elucidating the molecular nature and functions of the noncentrosomal MT organizing center (ncMTOC). The parallel array of MT bundles is presumably organized by ncMTOCs; therefore, the mechanism of ncMTOC control is likely inevitable for these species. Thus, the molecules related to the ncMTOC provide clues for understanding the mechanisms of early developmental systems, which ultimately determine the embryonic axis.
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13
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Goto T, Kanda K, Nishikata T. Non-centrosomal microtubule structures regulated by egg activation signaling contribute to cytoplasmic and cortical reorganization in the ascidian egg. Dev Biol 2018; 448:161-172. [PMID: 31030741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the first ascidian cell cycle, cytoplasmic and cortical reorganization is required for distributing maternal factors to their appropriate positions, resulting in the formation of the embryonic axis. This cytoplasmic reorganization is considered to depend on the cortical microfilament network in the first phase and on the sperm astral microtubule (MT) in the second phase. Recently, we described three novel MT structures: a deeply extended MT meshwork (DEM) in the entire subcortical region of the unfertilized egg, transiently accumulated MT fragments (TAF) in the vegetal pole, and a cortical MT array in the posterior vegetal cortex (CAMP). Particularly, our previous study showed CAMP to contribute to the movement of myoplasm. In addition, it is very similar to the parallel MT array, which appears during cortical rotation in Xenopus eggs. However, how these MT structures are organized is still unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between the egg activation pathway and MT structures during the first ascidian cell cycle. First, we carefully analyzed cell cycle progression through meiosis I and II and the first mitosis, and successfully established a standard time table of cell cycle events. Using this time table as a reference, we precisely described the behavior of novel MT structures and revealed that it was closely correlated with cell cycle events. Moreover, pharmacological experiments supported the relationship between these MT structures and the signal transduction mechanisms that begin after fertilization, including Ca2+ signaling, MPF signaling, and MEK/MAPK signaling. Especially, CAMP formation was directed by activities of cyclin-dependent kinases. As these MT structures are conserved, at least, within chordate group, we emphasize the importance of understanding the controlling mechanisms of MT dynamics, which is important for embryonic axis determination in the ascidian egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Goto
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Kanda
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
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Mitochondrial F1-ATPase extends glycolysis and pH decline in an in vitro model. Meat Sci 2018; 137:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Ishii H, Goto T, Nishikata T. Microtubule array observed in the posterior-vegetal cortex during cytoplasmic and cortical reorganization of the ascidian egg. Dev Growth Differ 2017; 59:648-656. [PMID: 28967684 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Body axis formation during embryogenesis results from asymmetric localization of maternal factors in the egg. Shortly before the first cleavage in ascidian eggs, cell polarity along the anteroposterior (A-P) axis is established and the cytoplasmic domain (myoplasm) relocates from the vegetal to the posterior region in a microtubule-dependent manner. Through immunostaining, tubulin accumulation during this reorganization is observable on the myoplasm cortex. However, more detailed morphological features of microtubules remain relatively unknown. In this study, we invented a new reagent that improves the immunostaining of cortical microtubules and successfully visualized a parallel array of thick microtubules. During reorganization, they covered nearly the entire myoplasm cortical region, beneath the posterior-vegetal cortex. We designated this microtubule array as CAMP (cortical array of microtubules in posterior vegetal region). During the late phase of reorganization, CAMP shrank and the myoplasm formed a crescent-like cytoplasmic domain. When the CAMP formation was inhibited by sodium azide, myoplasmic reorganization and A-P axis formation were both abolished, suggesting that CAMP is important for these two processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ishii
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Goto
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
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Sodium azide suppresses LPS-induced expression MCP-1 through regulating IκBζ and STAT1 activities in macrophages. Cell Immunol 2017; 315:64-70. [PMID: 28391993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sodium azide (NaN3) is a chemical compound with multiple toxic effects on vascular and neuronal systems, causing hypotension and neurotoxicity, respectively. In order to test its effects on the immune system, human and mouse macrophage-like cell lines were treated with nontoxic doses of NaN3 and the changes in LPS-induced inflammatory activation was measured. Interestingly, the LPS-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was suppressed by NaN3 without affecting the expression of IL-8 and TNF-α. Further analysis of cellular signaling mediators involved in the expression of these cytokines revealed that NaN3 suppressed the LPS-induced activation of signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT)1 and inhibitor of κB (IκB) ς, which are involved in the LPS-induced expression of MCP-1, while the LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) was not affected. The LPS-induced expression of MCP-2 and CXCL10, which are also regulated by STAT1, was suppressed by NaN3. Similarly, the LPS-induced expression of IL-6, which is regulated by IκBζ, was suppressed by NaN3. These results demonstrate that NaN3 selectively suppresses the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory mediators through the suppression of STAT1 and IκBζ activation. These new findings about the activity of NaN3 may contribute to the development of specific regulators of macrophage activity during acute and chronic inflammation.
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