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Muraoka T, Saio T, Okumura M. Biophysical elucidation of neural network and chemical regeneration of neural tissue. Biophys Physicobiol 2022; 19:e190024. [PMID: 36071879 PMCID: PMC9402262 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v19.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Tomohide Saio
- Division of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Masaki Okumura
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University
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Metzdorf K, Fricke S, Balia MT, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M. Nogo-A Modulates the Synaptic Excitation of Hippocampal Neurons in a Ca 2+-Dependent Manner. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092299. [PMID: 34571950 PMCID: PMC8467072 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A tight regulation of the balance between inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission is a prerequisite for synaptic plasticity in neuronal networks. In this context, the neurite growth inhibitor membrane protein Nogo-A modulates synaptic plasticity, strength, and neurotransmitter receptor dynamics. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these actions are unknown. We show that Nogo-A loss-of-function in primary mouse hippocampal cultures by application of a function-blocking antibody leads to higher excitation following a decrease in GABAARs at inhibitory and an increase in the GluA1, but not GluA2 AMPAR subunit at excitatory synapses. This unbalanced regulation of AMPAR subunits results in the incorporation of Ca2+-permeable GluA2-lacking AMPARs and increased intracellular Ca2+ levels due to a higher Ca2+ influx without affecting its release from the internal stores. Increased neuronal activation upon Nogo-A loss-of-function prompts the phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB and the expression of c-Fos. These results contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of the excitation/inhibition balance and thereby of plasticity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Metzdorf
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (K.M.); (M.T.B.); (M.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Inhoffenstr. 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen Fricke
- Division of Cell Physiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Maria Teresa Balia
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (K.M.); (M.T.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Martin Korte
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (K.M.); (M.T.B.); (M.K.)
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, AG NIND, Inhoffenstr. 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marta Zagrebelsky
- Division of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (K.M.); (M.T.B.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-531-3913225
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Bannai H, Niwa F, Sakuragi S, Mikoshiba K. Inhibitory synaptic transmission tuned by Ca 2+ and glutamate through the control of GABA A R lateral diffusion dynamics. Dev Growth Differ 2020; 62:398-406. [PMID: 32329058 PMCID: PMC7496684 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The GABAergic synapses, a primary inhibitory synapse in the mammalian brain, is important for the normal development of brain circuits, and for the regulation of the excitation‐inhibition balance critical for brain function from the developmental stage throughout life. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the formation, maintenance, and modulation of GABAergic synapses is less understood compared to that of excitatory synapses. Quantum dot‐single particle tracking (QD‐SPT), a super‐resolution imaging technique that enables the analysis of membrane molecule dynamics at single‐molecule resolution, is a powerful tool to analyze the behavior of proteins and lipids on the plasma membrane. In this review, we summarize the recent application of QD‐SPT in understanding of GABAergic synaptic transmission. Here we introduce QD‐SPT experiments that provide further insights into the molecular mechanism supporting GABAergic synapses. QD‐SPT studies revealed that glutamate and Ca2+ signaling is involved in (a) the maintenance of GABAergic synapses, (b) GABAergic long‐term depression, and GABAergic long‐term potentiation, by specifically activating signaling pathways unique to each phenomenon. We also introduce a novel Ca2+ imaging technique to describe the diversity of Ca2+ signals that may activate the downstream signaling pathways that induce specific biological output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Bannai
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Biosciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Niwa
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan.,Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Shigeo Sakuragi
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Biosciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan.,Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
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