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Kim H, Kim HK, Kim N, Nam CS. Dual Task Effects on Speed and Accuracy During Cognitive and Upper Limb Motor Tasks in Adults With Stroke Hemiparesis. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:671541. [PMID: 34220473 PMCID: PMC8250862 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.671541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adults with stroke need to perform cognitive-motor dual tasks during their day-to-day activities. However, they face several challenges owing to their impaired motor and cognitive functions. Objective This case-controlled pilot study investigates the speed and accuracy tradeoffs in adults with stroke while performing cognitive-upper limb motor dual tasks. Methods Ten adults with stroke and seven similar-aged controls participated in this study. The participants used a robotic arm for the single motor task and participated in either the serial sevens (S7) or the controlled oral word association test (COWAT) for single-cognitive task. For the dual task, the participants performed the motor and cognitive components simultaneously. Their speed and accuracy were measured for the motor and cognitive tasks, respectively. Results Two-sample t-statistics indicated that the participants with stroke exhibited a lower motor accuracy in the cross task than in the circle task. The cognitive speed and motor accuracy registered by the subjects with stroke in the dual task significantly decreased. There was a negative linear correlation between motor speed and accuracy in the subjects with stroke when the COWAT task was performed in conjunction with the cross task (ρ = -0.6922, p = 0.0388). Conclusions This study proves the existence of cognitive-upper limb motor interference in adults with stroke while performing dual tasks, based on the observation that their performance during one or both dual tasks deteriorated compared to that during the single task. Both speed and accuracy were complementary parameters that may indicate clinical effectiveness in motor and cognitive outcomes in individuals with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hogene Kim
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation Research, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ki Kim
- Department of Clinical Rehabilitation Research, National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Industrial Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Chang S Nam
- Department of Industrial Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Gori J, Rioul O. A feedback information-theoretic transmission scheme (FITTS) for modeling trajectory variability in aimed movements. BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS 2020; 114:621-641. [PMID: 33289880 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-020-00853-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Trajectories in human aimed movements are inherently variable. Using the concept of positional variance profiles, such trajectories are shown to be decomposable into two phases: In a first phase, the variance of the limb position over many trajectories increases rapidly; in a second phase, it then decreases steadily. A new theoretical model, where the aiming task is seen as a Shannon-like communication problem, is developed to describe the second phase: Information is transmitted from a "source" (determined by the position at the end of the first phase) to a "destination" (the movement's end-point) over a "channel" perturbed by Gaussian noise, with the presence of a noiseless feedback link. Information-theoretic considerations show that the positional variance decreases exponentially with a rate equal to the channel capacity C. Two existing datasets for simple pointing tasks are re-analyzed and observations on real data confirm our model. The first phase has constant duration, and C is found constant across instructions and task parameters, which thus characterizes the participant's performance. Our model provides a clear understanding of the speed-accuracy tradeoff in aimed movements: Since the participant's capacity is fixed, a higher prescribed accuracy necessarily requires a longer second phase resulting in an increased overall movement time. The well-known Fitts' law is also recovered using this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gori
- LRI, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Inria, 91400, Orsay, France.
| | - Olivier Rioul
- LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, Palaiseau, France
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Fernani DCGL, Prado MTA, da Silva TD, Massetti T, de Abreu LC, Magalhães FH, Dawes H, de Mello Monteiro CB. Evaluation of speed-accuracy trade-off in a computer task in individuals with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Neurol 2017; 17:143. [PMID: 28750603 PMCID: PMC5530971 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-0920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP) present with sensorimotor dysfunction which make the control and execution of movements difficult. This study aimed to verify the speed-accuracy trade-off in individuals with CP. METHODS Forty eight individuals with CP and 48 with typical development (TD) were evaluated (32 females and 64 males with a mean age of 15.02 ± 6.37 years: minimum 7 and maximum 30 years). Participants performed the "Fitts' Reciprocal Aiming Task v.1.0 (Horizontal)" on a computer with different sizes and distance targets, composed by progressive indices of difficulty (IDs): ID2, ID4a and ID4b. RESULTS There were no statistical differences between the groups in relation to the slope of the curve (b1) and dispersion of the movement time (r2). However, the intercept (b0) values presented significant differences (F(1.95) = 11.3; p = .001]), with greater movement time in the CP group compared to the TD group. It means that for individuals with CP, regardless of index difficulty, found the task more difficult than for TD participants. Considering CP and TD groups, speed-accuracy trade-off was found when using different indices of difficulty (ID2 and ID4). However, when the same index of difficulty was used with a larger target and longer distance (ID4a) or with a narrow target and shorter distance (ID4b), only individuals with CP had more difficulty performing the tasks involving smaller targets. Marginally significant inverse correlations were identified between the values of b1 and age (r = -0.119, p = .052) and between r2 and Gross Motor Function Classification System (r = -0.280, p = .054), which did not occur with the Manual Ability Classification System. CONCLUSION We conclude that the individuals with CP presented greater difficulty when the target was smaller and demanded more accuracy, and less difficulty when the task demanded speed. It is suggested that treatments should target tasks with accuracy demands, that could help in daily life tasks, since it is an element that is generally not considered by professionals during therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03002285 , retrospectively registered on 20 Dec 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Cristina Gonçalves Luiz Fernani
- University of West Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. .,Laboratory Design and Scientific Writing Department of Basic Sciences, ABC Faculty of Medicine, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Vila Principe de Gales, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil.
| | - Maria Tereza Artero Prado
- University of West Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory Design and Scientific Writing Department of Basic Sciences, ABC Faculty of Medicine, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Vila Principe de Gales, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Talita Dias da Silva
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Massetti
- Post-graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos de Abreu
- Laboratory Design and Scientific Writing Department of Basic Sciences, ABC Faculty of Medicine, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Vila Principe de Gales, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | | | - Helen Dawes
- Oxford Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro
- Laboratory Design and Scientific Writing Department of Basic Sciences, ABC Faculty of Medicine, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Vila Principe de Gales, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Almanji A, Payne AR, Amor R, Davies TC. A Nonlinear Model for Mouse Pointing Task Movement Time Analysis Based on Both System and Human Effects. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2014; 23:1003-11. [PMID: 25532208 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2014.2377692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a detailed model for analyzing movement time performance during rapid goal-directed point- and-click motions with a computer mouse. Twelve typically developed individuals and eleven youths with cerebral palsy conducted point and click computer tasks from which the model was developed. The proposed model is nonlinear and based on both system (target width and movement amplitude) and human effects (erroneous clicks, number of submovements, number of slip-offs, curvature index, and average speed). To ensure successful targeting by youths with cerebral palsy, the index of difficulty was limited to a range of 1.58 - 3.0 bits. For consistency, the same range was used with both groups. The most significant contributing human effect to movement time was found to be the curvature index for both typically developed individuals and individuals with cerebral palsy. This model will assist in algorithm development to improve cursor speed and accuracy for youths with cerebral palsy.
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