Wasim A, Al Maawali SS, AlJabri AS, Al Amrani F, Ahmad F, Mansi A, Al Futaisi A. Aetiology and Outcome of Childhood Convulsive Status Epilepticus: A tertiary care experience in Oman.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2024;
24:367-374. [PMID:
39234323 PMCID:
PMC11370940 DOI:
10.18295/squmj.6.2024.031]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the aetiology, management and outcomes of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children and highlight the factors influencing patient outcomes in such cases.
Methods
In a retrospective study spanning the 2020-2023 period, 93 children with CSE treated at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital's emergency department (ED), high dependency unit (HDU) and intensive care unit (ICU) were analysed. The Modified Rankin Scale at discharge was used to determine CSE outcomes.
Results
Among the 93 children studied (mean age 4.84 ± 3.64 years), predominantly Omani (92.47%), 14 aetiologies were noted. Of them, acute symptomatic (37.7%) and febrile status (31.2%) were the primary causes of CSE. Diazepam was administered as the first-line treatment in 58 (67.44%) cases, with a median seizure duration of 45 minutes. Successful seizure control was achieved in 71 (76.34%) cases within 60 minutes. A return to baseline was observed in 55.9% of cases, while mortality and disability were noted in 5.38% and 38.7% of cases, respectively. For 17 cases, aetiology and duration significantly impacted patient outcomes (P <0.05).
Conclusion
Acute symptomatic status is the most common aetiology of CSE. A longer duration of CSE is associated with higher mortality and neurological disability. Prompt and appropriate management of CSE is essential. Furthermore, identifying and treating the underlying cause of CSE is a crucial step in reducing its duration and improving patient outcomes.
Collapse