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Zhao YX, Zhao HP, Zhao MY, Yu Y, Qi X, Wang JH, Lv J. Latest insights into the global epidemiological features, screening, early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2638-2656. [PMID: 38855150 PMCID: PMC11154680 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i20.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As a highly invasive carcinoma, esophageal cancer (EC) was the eighth most prevalent malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide in 2020. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the major histological subtype of EC, and its incidence and mortality rates are decreasing globally. Due to the lack of specific early symptoms, ESCC patients are usually diagnosed with advanced-stage disease with a poor prognosis, and the incidence and mortality rates are still high in many countries, especially in China. Therefore, enormous challenges still exist in the management of ESCC, and novel strategies are urgently needed to further decrease the incidence and mortality rates of ESCC. Although the key molecular mechanisms underlying ESCC pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated, certain promising biomarkers are being investigated to facilitate clinical decision-making. With the advent and advancement of high-throughput technologies, such as genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, valuable biomarkers with high sensitivity, specificity and stability could be identified for ESCC. Herein, we aimed to determine the epidemiological features of ESCC in different regions of the world, especially in China, and focused on novel molecular biomarkers associated with ESCC screening, early diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Yao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xi Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ji-Han Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
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Han Z, Pan L, Lu B, Zhu H. MicroRNA-21 as a potential biomarker for detecting esophageal carcinoma in Asian populations: a meta-analysis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14048. [PMID: 36199284 PMCID: PMC9528905 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is significantly expressed in a variety of cancers and could be used as a tumor biomarker. However, the results are varied, and no studies on the diagnostic usefulness of miR-21 in Asian esophageal cancer (EC) patients have been published. This meta-analysis was aimed at exploring whether miR-21 can be used as a diagnostic marker and assessing its effectiveness. Methods The relevant literature was identified in six main databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Two researchers independently selected the literature based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.4, Meta-Disc 1.4 and STATA 15.1 software. In the end, 987 patients from 12 different studies were included. Quality evaluation of diagnostic accuracy studies 2 (QUADAS-2) was used to examine the risk of bias. Results The pooled sensitivity (SEN) was 0.72 (95% CI [0.69-0.75]), the pooled specificity (SPE) was 0.78 (95% CI [0.75-0.81]), the pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 2.87 (95% CI [2.28-3.59]), the pooled negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.36 (95% CI [0.31-0.43]), the pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 10.00 (95% CI [7.73-12.95]), and the area under the curve 0.82 (95% CI [0.79-0.85]). A Deeks' funnel plot shows that there was no publication bias (P = 0.99). Conclusion Our findings suggest miR-21 might be the potential biomarker for detecting EC in Asian populations, with a good diagnostic value.
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Su C, Liu W, Jiang T, Liu J. miR-488-5p promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by suppressing the P53 pathway. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:5534-5545. [PMID: 34659819 PMCID: PMC8482336 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background miR-488-3p has been reported to play an important role in cancer progression and metastasis. The protein 53 (P53) gene serves as a mediator and biomarker of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanism underlying miR-488-5p in the pathology of ESCC through the P53 pathway has not been examined. Methods The expression levels of miR-488-5p were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cytological experiments were performed to evaluate the biological functions of miR-488-5p. A bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the pathways and key miR-488-5p targets associated with ESCC. Correlations between miR-488-5p and P53 signaling pathways were validated by western blotting and the dual luciferase reporter gene system. Finally, the expression level of miR-488-5p was regulated and tumor formation experiments were performed in nude mice. Results The qRT-PCR analysis showed that MiR-488-5p expression was more upregulated in the KYSE-150 group than the HEEC group. In the KYSE-150 cells, the colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis indicated that the miR-488-5p inhibitor inhibited cell viability and increased cell apoptosis; however, these effects were recovered by P53 knockdown (KD). In addition, cell invasion and cell migration were inhibited by the miR-488-5p inhibitor, but were also improved by P53 KD. Similarly, the miR-488-5p inhibitor induced the expression of P53 and P21 than normal control (NC) group in which miR-488-5p expression was normal, while P53 KD prevented the effects of the miR-488-5p inhibitor in KYSE-150 cells. Additionally, we found that tumor size was obviously smaller in miR-488-5p overexpression (OE)+ P53 OE mice than miR-488-5p OE mice. Hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining also revealed similar results. Conclusions Our results suggest that miR-488-5p promotes ESCC progression by suppressing the P53 pathway. These findings should provide novel ideas for ESCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Qin Y, Wu CW, Taylor WR, Sawas T, Burger KN, Mahoney DW, Sun Z, Yab TC, Lidgard GP, Allawi HT, Buttar NS, Smyrk TC, Iyer PG, Katzka DA, Ahlquist DA, Kisiel JB. Discovery, Validation, and Application of Novel Methylated DNA Markers for Detection of Esophageal Cancer in Plasma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:7396-7404. [PMID: 31527170 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The burden of esophageal cancer continues to rise, and noninvasive screening tools are needed. Methylated DNA markers (MDM) assayed from plasma show promise in detection of other cancers. For esophageal cancer detection, we aimed to discover and validate MDMs in tissue, and determine their feasibility when assayed from plasma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Whole-methylome sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from 37 tissues (28 EC; 9 normal esophagus) and 8 buffy coat samples. Top MDMs were validated by methylation specific PCR on tissue from 76 EC (41 adeno, 35 squamous cell) and 17 normal esophagus. Quantitative allele-specific real-time target and signal amplification was used to assay MDMs in plasma from 183 patients (85 EC, 98 controls). Recursive partitioning (rPART) identified MDM combinations predictive of esophageal cancer. Validation was performed in silico by bootstrapping. RESULTS From discovery, 23 candidate MDMs were selected for independent tissue validation; median area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for individual MDMs was 0.93. Among 12 MDMs advanced to plasma testing, rPART modeling selected a 5 MDM panel (FER1L4, ZNF671, ST8SIA1, TBX15, ARHGEF4) which achieved an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.96) on best-fit and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75-0.88) on cross-validation. At 91% specificity, the panel detected 74% of esophageal cancer overall, and 43%, 64%, 77%, and 92% of stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Discrimination was not affected by age, sex, smoking, or body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Novel MDMs assayed from plasma detect esophageal cancer with moderate accuracy. Further optimization and clinical testing are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chung W Wu
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William R Taylor
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tarek Sawas
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kelli N Burger
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Douglas W Mahoney
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tracy C Yab
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Navtej S Buttar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thomas C Smyrk
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Prasad G Iyer
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David A Katzka
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David A Ahlquist
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John B Kisiel
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Xue Y, Zhou X, Xue L, Zhou R, Luo J. The role of pretreatment prognostic nutritional index in esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19655-19662. [PMID: 31344989 PMCID: PMC6766897 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of esophageal cancer (EC) patients with decreased prognostic nutritional index (PNI) have not been well investigated. So, we conducted this meta‐analysis. We performed comprehensive research in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The effect size was hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI were used to assess the association between PNI and clinicopathological features. A total of 3,425 EC patients were included in the present meta‐analysis. Male patients, advanced age, higher tumor stage, and lymph node metastases were associated with reduced PNI level (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.10‐1.79; OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10‐1.66; OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.91‐2.94; OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.04‐2.56). And, the EC patients with decreased PNI held a worse OS and CSS compared with those who carried a higher PNI (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10‐1.50; HR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.15‐5.57). This meta‐analysis demonstrated PNI level was associated with tumor stage and lymph nodes metastases and was an independent prognostic factor in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruhua Zhou
- College of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yao C, Liu HN, Wu H, Chen YJ, Li Y, Fang Y, Shen XZ, Liu TT. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:2876-2884. [PMID: 30123356 PMCID: PMC6096380 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: MicroRNAs, dysregulated in the circulation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patient, have been assumed to be with great potential in the diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal cancer. We aimed to review previous articles on ESCC. Methods: A search of electronic databases was performed before Nov 12, 2017. We summarized the identification of microRNA imbalance in the blood of ESCC compared with the healthy controls, with the objective to evaluate the efficiency of microRNAs in diagnosing and forecasting ESCC. Results: A total of 35 studies investigating plasma or serum microRNAs were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the consequences of the quality assessment of each study, the articles involved were appropriate for quantitative synthesis. For diagnostic meta-analysis. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of circulating microRNA is 0.794 (95% CI: 0.765 - 0.820), 0.779 (95%CI: 0.746 - 0.808), 0.86 (95%CI: 0.82 - 0.88). The diagnostic value of each microRNA was calculated respectively. For prognostic meta-analysis, the overall pooled hazard ratios of higher microRNA expression in circulation was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.14-1.58), which could significantly predict poorer survival in ESCC. Conclusions: Circulating microRNAs distinguish patients with ESCC from healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity, compared to other invasive currently used screening methods. Simultaneously, there was prognostic value for the prognosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Ning Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xi-Zhong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao-Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhang L, Dong B, Ren P, Ye H, Shi J, Qin J, Wang K, Wang P, Zhang J. Circulating plasma microRNAs in the detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3303-3318. [PMID: 30127929 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been reported as diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal cancer (EC) diagnosis. However, contrasting results have been achieved in different studies. In the present study, a meta-analysis was performed, based on the systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science, to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miRNAs in the peripheral blood in EC. The top 5 most-studied miRNAs were selected for confirmation by reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction using the blood plasma of 125 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and 125 healthy individuals from Henan, China. A total of 45 studies from 22 articles, regarding 33 miRNAs were considered in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were both 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.82 for both). Among the 5 miRNAs considered (miR-21, miR-223, miR-375, miR-25 and miR-100), miR-21 and miR-223 were significantly overexpressed whereas miR-375 expression was reduced in patients with ESCC compared with healthy individuals (all P<0.001). The areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.80, 0.73, and 0.69 for miR-21, miR-223, and miR-375, respectively. The AUCs increased when discriminating between patients with early ESCC in stage 0-I and the non-invasive carcinoma stage Tis-T1 stage from controls. Thus, it was concluded that plasma miR-21, miR-223 and miR-375 may serve as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers in patients with ESCC, especially early ESCC in stages 0-I and Tis-T1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Identification of molecular targets for esophageal carcinoma diagnosis using miRNA-seq and RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas: a study of 187 cases. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35681-35699. [PMID: 28415685 PMCID: PMC5482608 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and its pathogenesis is complex. In this study, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) of ESCA from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The diagnostic values of DEMs were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and validated based on data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The top five DEMs with the best diagnostic values were selected, and their potential targets were predicted by various in silico methods. These target genes were then identified among the DEGs from TCGA. Furthermore, the overlapping genes were subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. The miRNA-transcription factor (TF) regulatory relations were determined using CircuitsDB and TransmiR. Finally, the regulatory networks of miRNA-TF and miRNA-gene were constructed and analyzed. A total of 136 DEMs and 3541 DEGs were identified in ESCA. The top five DEMs with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values were miRNA-93 (0.953), miRNA-21 (0.928), miRNA-4746 (0.915), miRNA-196a-1 (0.906) and miRNA-196a-2 (0.906). The combined AUC of these five DEMs was 0.985. The KEGG analysis with 349 overlapping genes showed that the calcium signaling pathway and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction were the most relevant pathways. The regulatory networks of miRNA-TF and miRNA-gene, including 38 miRNA-TF and 560 miRNA-gene pairs, were successfully established. Our findings may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ESCA pathogenesis. Future research will aim to explore the role of novel miRNAs in the pathogenesis and improve the early diagnosis of ESCA.
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