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Hur K, Yoo RE, Mun JH, Seo K. Botulinumtoxin‐Injektion vermindert Parotis‐Hypertrophie: Analyse zweier Fälle. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:1156-1158. [PMID: 39105211 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15444_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Keunyoung Hur
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Roh-Eul Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Ho Mun
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyle Seo
- Modelo Clinic, Seoul, South Korea
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2
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Hur K, Yoo RE, Mun JH, Seo K. Botulinum toxin injection alleviates parotid gland hypertrophy: Analysis of two cases. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:1156-1158. [PMID: 38958406 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Keunyoung Hur
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Roh-Eul Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Ho Mun
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyle Seo
- Modelo Clinic, Seoul, South Korea
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Toyoda Y, Percec I. Discussion: The Volumetric Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection on the Parotid Gland: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:344-345. [PMID: 38266135 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000011034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Toyoda
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Ivona Percec
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pennsylvania
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Jeong WS, Hong DW, Ahn TJ, Han HH. The Volumetric Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection on the Parotid Gland: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:337-343. [PMID: 37010458 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BTX-A) to the masseter muscle is a useful tool for the aesthetic narrowing of the width of the lower face. The administration of BTX-A to visible parotid glands is also effective to reduce lower facial width. However, no studies have quantitatively analyzed the effect of BTX-A on the parotid glands. METHODS The purpose of this study was to confirm the impact of BTX-A injection on the parotid gland and to suggest the effective dosage of BTX-A in facial slimming. This study was conducted by selecting patients who desired facial slimming from among patients who required surgery for a facial bone fracture. Patients undergoing BTX-A injection were randomized to high-dose, low-dose, and placebo groups, and different doses of BTX-A for each group were injected into both parotid glands during facial bone surgery. RESULTS A total of 30 patients were enrolled in this study. Ten patients in the high-dose group, eight in the low-dose group, and nine in the control group completed the clinical trial. There were significant changes in both the high- and low-dose groups compared with the control group ( P < 0.001, P < 0.001), and in interaction of time and group ( P < 0.001). Volume recovery after 3 months was found in 7.6% in the high-dose group and in 4.8% in the low-dose group. CONCLUSION BTX-A injection into parotid glands can be an effective treatment option in managing salivary gland enlargement for lower face contouring. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Shik Jeong
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul Asan Medical Center
| | - Dae Won Hong
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul Asan Medical Center
| | | | - Hyun Ho Han
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul Asan Medical Center
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Liu S, Cong L, Pongprutthipan M, Lee W, Luo X, Han X, Li D, Moon HJ, Wang H. Use of LetibotulinumtoxinA for Aesthetic Treatment of Asians: A Consensus. Aesthet Surg J 2023; 43:NP962-NP974. [PMID: 37220644 PMCID: PMC10575620 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of wrinkles and dynamic lines with botulinum toxin has been a routine practice for years in aesthetic clinical settings. The effective treatment of wrinkles requires a comprehensive understanding of facial expression muscles and their interactions, the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin, and individual patient preferences. The dose adjustment practice and injection technique of physicians are affected by cultural differences; most Asian patients prefer natural-looking results. This article aims to present an expert consensus on the injection sites, doses, and levels of botulinum toxin for various indications in Asians, with the hope of providing guidance to some clinicians. This consensus paper reviews LetibotulinumtoxinA for patient evaluation, dosage, and delivery techniques in Asians from the time LetibotulinumtoxinA was approved up to December 2022. Panelists proposed individualized treatment plans for botulinum toxin type A (BTxA) treatments in 3 areas-wrinkle removal, contour adjustment, and face lifting-for Asians based on their extensive experience and knowledge of facial anatomy. When using a different BTxA, clinicians should start with a conservative dose and carefully individualize the treatment for each patient, and adjust it according to feedback to obtain a higher satisfaction level. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hang Wang
- Corresponding Author: Dr Hang Wang, Sichuan University, West China Coll Stomatol, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. E-mail: ; Twitter and Instagram: @plasticsurgeonhang
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Sermswan P, Tansatit T, Meevassana J, Panchaprateep R. A Cadaveric Study of Dye Spreading: Determining the Ideal Injection Pattern for Masseter Hypertrophy. Dermatol Surg 2021; 47:1354-1358. [PMID: 34417381 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Masseter hypertrophy is the main cause of an asymmetrical and squared lower facial contour in the Asian community. Botulinum toxin injection technique is crucial to treat this condition. OBJECTIVE To improve injection techniques for masseter hypertrophy by elucidating the distribution of the injections within the masseter. METHODS Thirty masseter muscles were divided into 6 groups of 5 muscles each. Each group received one 0.2- or 0.3-mL injection at Point A, B, or C according to a three-point technique. Muscle dimensions and dye of the primary and secondary dye spreading were measured. RESULTS The average muscle length, width, and thickness were 69.87, 33.50, and 11.23 mm, respectively. The average primary longitudinal and horizontal spreading was 36.56 and 15.60 mm, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between 0.2- and 0.3-mL injections at each point. CONCLUSION The three-point technique best fits in the safe zone and should be the standard injection technique for masseter hypertrophy. Injection at Points B and C may create secondary spreading that affect the risorius muscle and the parotid gland which are the cause of asymmetrical smiling and xerostomia, respectively. The dosage should be adjusted according to the muscle volume and not only the thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peerada Sermswan
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanvaa Tansatit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiraroch Meevassana
- Center of Excellence in Burn and Wound Care, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchathorn Panchaprateep
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) is a powerful neurotoxin that inhibits acetylcholine release from presynaptic vesicles. The potency and safety profile of BoNTA grant the toxin vast therapeutic potential. It has been used off-label for a variety of dermatologic conditions. This review aims to analyze published literature regarding the benefits and risks of the off-label use of BoNTA beyond facial lines, including eccrine hidrocystomas, enlarged pores, keloids and hypertrophic scars, hidradenitis suppurativa, hyperhidrosis, masseter muscle hypertrophy, and salivary gland hypertrophy, among others. A MEDLINE search from January 2000 to December 2019 was conducted on the off-label uses of botulinum toxin in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina S Alster
- Washington Institute of Dermatologic Laser Surgery, 1430 K St NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC, 20005, USA.
| | - Iris S Harrison
- Washington Institute of Dermatologic Laser Surgery, 1430 K St NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC, 20005, USA
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8
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Kwon SY, Chun KJ, Kil HK, Oh KH, Kim C, Jang SJ, Kim MS. Botulinum Toxin Injection for Chronic Parotitis: A Multi-Center and Prospective Trial. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1903-E1909. [PMID: 33111982 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE When conservative therapy fails for chronic parotitis, sialendoscopic treatment or surgical excision can be considered. However, these are financially costly or invasive. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin (BTX) injection and to further analyze its effect on parotid gland function and volume using salivary single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-computed tomography (CT). METHODS This clinical trial has been registered in the Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea. Fourteen patients with chronic parotitis received BTX injections into the parotid glands. Pain, postprandial pain, swelling, aesthetic discomfort, and salivary flow rate were assessed before injection, at 2 weeks, and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Salivary SPECT-CT was performed before injection and again 3 and 6 months after to assess the volume and uptake changes. RESULTS All subjective symptoms decreased significantly until 1 month and then increased. However, at 6 months, all subjective symptoms were determined to be better than before injection. The unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate did not show a significant difference over time. No significant difference was noted in parotid gland volume or uptake on salivary SPECT-CT over time. CONCLUSION BTX injection can be an alternative treatment option for chronic parotitis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1903-E1909, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ju Chun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kwon Kil
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ho Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhan Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Jang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Harris JE, Lai SY, Chang JL. Metabolic, Radiation, and Medication Induced Sialadenitis. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-020-00311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Lee KL, Cho HJ, Bae H, Park HJ, Park MS, Kim HJ. Anatomical Considerations When Treating Compensatory Hypertrophy of the Upper Part of the Masseter after Long-Term Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injections. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12030202. [PMID: 32235784 PMCID: PMC7150825 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The masseter is the most targeted muscle when treating hypertrophy to produce a smooth face shape. Compensatory hypertrophy is a well known clinical sequela that occurs in botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatments and is limited to the lower part of the masseter. Based on the masseteric hypertrophy procedure, which targets a confined area, we predicted the possibility of compensatory hypertrophy occurring in the upper part of the masseter. If the patient complains about an unexpected result, additional injections must be performed, but the involved anatomical structures have not been revealed yet. The aim of this study was to identify the morphological patterns of the masseter. Deep tendons were observed in most specimens of the upper part of the masseter and mostly appeared in a continuous pattern (69.7%). The superficial and deep tendons could be classified into a simply connected form and forms surrounding part of the muscle. In 45.5% of cases there were tendon capsules that completely enclosed the muscle, which can interfere with how the injected toxin spreads. Interdigitation patterns in which the tendons could be identified independently between the muscles were present in 9.1% of cases. The present findings provide anatomical knowledge for use when injecting BoNT into the masseter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Lim Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (K.-L.L.); (H.B.); (H.J.P.)
| | - Hyun Jin Cho
- Labella clinic, 455 Gangnam-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06611, Korea;
| | - Hyungkyu Bae
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (K.-L.L.); (H.B.); (H.J.P.)
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (K.-L.L.); (H.B.); (H.J.P.)
| | - Min Sun Park
- Clinical Practitioner, 200 W 60th St, New York, 10023 NY, USA;
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (K.-L.L.); (H.B.); (H.J.P.)
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence:
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11
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Lee MH, Chung SR, Youn CS, Won CH. Quantitative Evaluation of the Effects of Botulinum Toxin Injection Into the Temporalis Muscles and Parotid Glands. Dermatol Surg 2019; 46:436-439. [PMID: 31490304 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Rom Chung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Schwalje AT, Hoffman HT. Intraductal Salivary Gland Infusion With Botulinum Toxin. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2019; 4:520-525. [PMID: 31637296 PMCID: PMC6793609 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Administration of botulinum toxin through intraductal salivary infusion may decrease the risks of percutaneous needle injection and improve delivery to permeate the entire gland parenchyma. Methods The safety of intraductal salivary gland infusion was tested with prospective evaluation of two patients using interviews, clinical examination, and pressure measurement during infusion. Retrospective chart review of two subsequently treated patients assessed treatment of a parotid-cutaneous fistula and sialorrhea. Results No complications were identified in the safety study. Pressure changes during infusion supported the concept of botulinum neurotoxin delivery to permeate the gland. Patient-assessed success was subjectively reported as a reduction in the parotid-cutaneous output "by 95%" and the sialorrhea "by 90%" at 2-week follow-up. Conclusions The intraductal route of botulinum toxin delivery to salivary glands was without complication and was effective in two patients treated therapeutically. Pressure measurements during infusion may be helpful to direct treatment. Level of Evidence 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Schwalje
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa U.S.A
| | - Henry T Hoffman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa City Iowa U.S.A
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13
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The Masseter Muscle and Its Role in Facial Contouring, Aging, and Quality of Life. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:39e-48e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Giordano CN, Matarasso SL, Ozog DM. Injectable and topical neurotoxins in dermatology: Indications, adverse events, and controversies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76:1027-1042. [PMID: 28522039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of neuromodulators for therapeutic and cosmetic indications has proven to be remarkably safe. While aesthetic and functional adverse events are uncommon, each anatomic region has its own set of risks of which the physician and patient must be aware before treatment. The therapeutic usages of botulinum toxins now include multiple specialties and multiple indications. New aesthetic indications have also developed, and there has been an increased utilization of combination therapies to combat the effects of global aging. In the second article in this continuing medical education series, we review the prevention and treatment of adverse events, therapeutic and novel aesthetic indications, controversies, and a brief overview of combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth L Matarasso
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - David M Ozog
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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15
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Aesthetic Applications of Botulinum Toxin A in Asians: An International, Multidisciplinary, Pan-Asian Consensus. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2016; 4:e872. [PMID: 28293488 PMCID: PMC5222633 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Botulinum toxin type A remains the most popular nonsurgical aesthetic treatment worldwide. Previous consensus statements have focused on Caucasians and on Koreans as generally representative of Asians. However, indications and dosages vary among different ethnic groups. This publication reports the results of a multidisciplinary, pan-Asian consensus focusing on incobotulinumtoxinA. Methods: A consensus group of plastic surgeons and dermatologists from Asia, Europe, and the United States convened for a live meeting in Asia, followed by a questionnaire-based Delphi procedure. Treatment of Asians in both their native countries and countries of migration was discussed. Results: For most items, the group achieved a majority consensus. A number of treatment indications, strategies, and dosages were identified in Asians, which are distinct to those previously described for Caucasians due to differences in facial morphotypes, anatomy, and cultural expectations. The group also formulated position statements for intradermal botulinum toxin type A (“mesotoxin”), body shaping with the calves as a paradigm, and reduction of parotid glands. While Asians have previously been considered a homogeneous group for the purposes of aesthetic treatment, this publication considers regional variations. A new classification of Asian facial morphotypes is proposed to aid treatment planning and implementation. Conclusions: This is the first pan-Asian consensus for aesthetic use of botulinum toxin type A. Its unique objective is to optimize treatment safety and efficacy for patients of complete or part-Asian ancestry in all regions. The recommendations for incobotulinumtoxinA may be extended with care to other botulinum toxin formulations.
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El Khoury J, Habre S, Nasr M, Hokayem N. Botulinum Neurotoxin A for Parotid Enlargement in Cystic Fibrosis: The First Case Report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 74:1771-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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A Pilot Study on the Treatment of Posterior Cheek Enlargement in HIV+ Patients With Botulinum Toxin A. Dermatol Surg 2016; 41:1300-8. [PMID: 26469200 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior cheek enlargement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ individuals can lead to significant cosmetic disfigurement. Both parotid gland and masseter muscle overlie the mandibular ramus, contributing to lower facial contour. However, posterior cheek enlargement has not been well characterized anatomically. There are also limited treatment options. Botulinum toxin is a highly efficacious minimally invasive option for improving the shape of the lower face. OBJECTIVE A pilot study was undertaken to better characterize posterior cheek enlargement in HIV+ patients and explore treatment with botulinum toxin A. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five HIV+ patients with posterior cheek enlargement were treated with botulinum toxin A. Clinical, photographic, and radiological evaluations allowed the precise calculation of any change in volumes resulting from botulinum toxin A. RESULTS All 5 patients had a good response with a mean decrease of 21.4% and 11.2% in the volumes of the masseter muscle and parotid gland, respectively. The effect was long lasting even at 6 months after injection and well tolerated. CONCLUSION Botulinum toxin A may be a less invasive treatment of posterior cheek enlargement in HIV+ patients, with advantages of a good result that is long lasting with good tolerability and minimal risk.
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18
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Jones D. Erratum. Dermatol Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek Jones
- Department of Dermatology; UCLA; Los Angeles California
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