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Luo L, Lin L, Huang S, Zhou Y, Yang S, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Xiong D, Wu Y, Wu M. Sensitive, precise fingerprint profiling for monosaccharide analysis of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin polysaccharide and nucleic acid isolates. Carbohydr Res 2024; 540:109124. [PMID: 38701680 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
A sensitive and precise HPLC-DAD method with pre-column PMP derivatization was established and validated, for analyzing the polysaccharides in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin polysaccharide and nucleic acid (BCG-PSN) isolates, after acid hydrolysis. And the HPLC fingerprint profiling was used to analyze its monosaccharide composition. The monosaccharide concentration-peak area calibration curve was of good linearity (R2 > 0.99), over the range of 0.016-0.08 mg/mL for mannose or 0.24-1.20 mg/mL for glucose, with high recovery of 93-105 % for quality control samples. The intra-day RSD values of mannose and glucose concentration were less than 2.5 % and 2.1 %, respectively, and their inter-day RSD values were less than 4.3 % and 2.2 %, respectively, and remained stable for up to 14 days. This method also remained durable against changes in chromatographic parameters, but it's susceptible to the flow rate of mobile phase. Additionally, the method was applied to analyze the content of mannose and glucose in 22 batches BCG-PSN powder and 17 batches BCG-PSN injection. The results showed that the HPLC-DAD fingerprint spectra of all the BCG-PSN powder and BCG-PSN injection samples had a high degree of similarity, with the similar indexes up to 0.999 and 0.998, respectively. The HPLC-DAD method with pre-column PMP derivatization is highly rapid, effective, visual, and accurate for determination of monosaccharide contents. The validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of polysaccharide in both BCG-PSN powder and injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Hunan Siqi BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China; Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Yunxi Zhou
- Hunan Siqi BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- Hunan Siqi BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Lanyan Zhang
- Hunan Siqi BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China
| | - Donghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yongsheng Wu
- Hunan Siqi BioPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China; Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410205, China.
| | - Mingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Deng X, Wang Y, Jiang L, Li J, Chen Q. Updates on immunological mechanistic insights and targeting of the oral lichen planus microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1023213. [PMID: 36700192 PMCID: PMC9870618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immune inflammatory disease that is an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), occurs in the oral mucosa and affects approximately 0.5% to 4% of the general population. There are usually five types of OLP: reticular/papular, plaque-like, atrophic/erythematous, erosive/ulcerative, and bullous. Furthermore, the chance of causing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is 1.4%. Although the etiology of OLP is still unknown, accumulating evidence supports that immune dysregulation may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of OLP, especially the massive production of various inflammatory cells and inflammatory mediators. In this review, we focus on the relationship between OLP and its immune microenvironment. We summarize current developments in the immunology of OLP, summarizing functional cell types and crucial cytokines in the OLP immune microenvironment and the underlying mechanisms of key signaling pathways in the OLP immune microenvironment. We highlight the application potential of targeted immune microenvironment therapy for OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lu Jiang
- *Correspondence: Jing Li, ; Lu Jiang,
| | - Jing Li
- *Correspondence: Jing Li, ; Lu Jiang,
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Mi J, Liang Y, Liang J, Gong W, Wang S, Zhang J, Li Z, Wu X. The Research Progress in Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:763591. [PMID: 34869066 PMCID: PMC8634162 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.763591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem worldwide. The combination of various anti-TB drugs is mainly used to treat TB in clinical practice. Despite the availability of effective antibiotics, effective treatment regimens still require long-term use of multiple drugs, leading to toxicity, low patient compliance, and the development of drug resistance. It has been confirmed that immune recognition, immune response, and immune regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) determine the occurrence, development, and outcome of diseases after Mtb infection. The research and development of TB-specific immunotherapy agents can effectively regulate the anti-TB immune response and provide a new approach toward the combined treatment of TB, thereby preventing and intervening in populations at high risk of TB infection. These immunotherapy agents will promote satisfactory progress in anti-TB treatment, achieving the goal of "ultra-short course chemotherapy." This review highlights the research progress in immunotherapy of TB, including immunoreactive substances, tuberculosis therapeutic vaccines, chemical agents, and cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xueqiong Wu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Naguib RM, El-Rifaie AEA, Abd El Wahab AM, Rashed LA. The role of autophagy-related gene 9B in lichen planus. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021; 88:62-64. [PMID: 34245541 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1031_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP) is an idiopathic, chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, autoimmune dermatological disease. The etiopathogenesis of LP is still unclear. Autophagy is a strictly regulated lysosomal degradation pathway that is crucial for maintaining intracellular homeostasis and normal development. The dysregulation of autophagy-associated genes was recognized to increase the susceptibility to multiple diseases, including inflammation, autoimmune disorders and cancer. AIMS Our study aimed to detect the expression of autophagy-related gene 9 b (ATG9B) in LP patients compared to normal control persons to investigate the possible role of autophagy in pathogenesis of this disease. METHODS This case-control study included 30 LP patients and 30 age-, gender-matched healthy controls. Four millimeters punch skin biopsies were obtained from LP lesions and from the controls and they were kept in lysis solution for the stability of the studied parameters and were kept frozen at -80°C till analysis of ATG9B using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The level of ATG9B in lesional skin of LP was significantly decreased compared to normal control persons (P < 0.01); also, there was a non-significant relation between ATG9B level and age, sex, duration and family history among LP patients. LIMITATIONS Limited number of patients included in our study (30 patients). CONCLUSION Autophagy may play a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Mohamed Naguib
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abd-El Aziz El-Rifaie
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Ebrahim HM, Asaad AM, El Desoky F, Morsi HM. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid vs Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine in the treatment of warts: A comparative, double-blind, controlled study. Dermatol Ther 2020; 34:e14549. [PMID: 33200844 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid (BCG-PSN) is a relatively new generation, bacteria lipopolysaccharide fraction extracted from BCG vaccine. It has a strong immunomodulatory effect with higher efficacy and fewer side effects. To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of BCG-PSN vs the viable BCG vaccine in treatment of multiple warts. One hundred twenty patients with warts were allocated into three groups each containing 40 patients. Each group received intralesionally 0.1 mL of BCG-PSN, BCG vaccine, saline in group A, B, and C, respectively, for a maximum of five sessions, 3 weeks apart. Complete response occurred in 77.5% of group A vs 63.8% in group B. Partial response detected in 7.9% of control group (P < .0001). The distant warts showed 72.5% complete clearance in group A compared to 58.3% in group B (P = .19). Group A showed fewer number of sessions (P = .03) and earlier response than group B (P = .0003). A significant increase in the frequency of adverse effects was found among group B than group A (P < .0001). No recurrence was seen in both groups. BCG-PSN immunotherapy has a higher therapeutic efficacy with almost no serious side effects compared to the BCG vaccine in warts therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howyda Mohamed Ebrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Morad Asaad
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fatma El Desoky
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hala Mohamed Morsi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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