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Hassanain O, Alaa M, Khalifa MK, Kamal N, Albagoury A, El Ghoneimy AM. Genetic variants associated with osteosarcoma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3828. [PMID: 38360742 PMCID: PMC10869693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary bone malignancy. Common genetic variants including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with osteosarcoma risk, however, the results of published studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to systematically review genetic association studies to identify SNPs associated with osteosarcoma risk and the effect of race on these associations. We searched the Medline, Embase, Scopus from inception to the end of 2019. Seventy-five articles were eligible for inclusion. These studies investigated the association of 190 SNPs across 79 genes with osteosarcoma, 18 SNPs were associated with the risk of osteosarcoma in the main analysis or in subgroup analysis. Subgroup analysis displayed conflicting effects between Asians and Caucasians. Our review comprehensively summarized the results of published studies investigating the association of genetic variants with osteosarcoma susceptibility, however, their potential value should be confirmed in larger cohorts in different ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omneya Hassanain
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Clinical Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt-57357 (CCHE-57357), 1 Seket el Emam, el Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, 11441, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Alaa
- Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt-57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K Khalifa
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt-57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehal Kamal
- Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt-57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aseel Albagoury
- Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt-57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Ghoneimy
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Children's Cancer Hospital-57357 (CCHE-57357), Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Pharmacogenetics of the Primary and Metastatic Osteosarcoma: Gene Expression Profile Associated with Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065607. [PMID: 36982681 PMCID: PMC10059037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. In recent decades, OS treatment has reached a plateau and drug resistance is still a major challenge. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the expression of the genes related to pharmacogenetics in OS. The expression of 32 target genes in 80 paired specimens (pre-chemotherapeutic primary tumor, post-chemotherapeutic primary tumor and pulmonary metastasis) obtained from 33 patients diagnosed with OS were analyzed by the real-time PCR methodology. As the calibrators (control), five normal bone specimens were used. The present study identified associations between the OS outcome and the expression of the genes TOP2A, DHFR, MTHFR, BCL2L1, CASP3, FASLG, GSTM3, SOD1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC5, ABCC6, ABCC10, ABCC11, ABCG2, RALBP1, SLC19A1, SLC22A1, ERCC1 and MSH2. In addition, the expression of the ABCC10, GGH, GSTM3 and SLC22A1 genes were associated with the disease event, and the metastasis specimens showed a high expression profile of ABCC1, ABCC3 and ABCC4 genes and a low expression of SLC22A1 and ABCC10 genes, which is possibly an important factor for resistance in OS metastasis. Therefore, our findings may, in the future, contribute to clinical management as prognostic factors as well as possible therapeutic targets.
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Chen Y, Luo Z, Sun Y, Li F, Han Z, Qi B, Lin J, Lin WW, Yao M, Kang X, Huang J, Sun C, Ying C, Guo C, Xu Y, Chen J, Chen S. Exercise improves choroid plexus epithelial cells metabolism to prevent glial cell-associated neurodegeneration. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1010785. [PMID: 36188600 PMCID: PMC9523215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1010785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that physical activities can prevent aging-related neurodegeneration. Exercise improves the metabolic landscape of the body. However, the role of these differential metabolites in preventing neurovascular unit degeneration (NVU) is still unclear. Here, we performed single-cell analysis of brain tissue from young and old mice. Normalized mutual information (NMI) was used to measure heterogeneity between each pair of cells using the non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) method. Astrocytes and choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPC), two types of CNS glial cells, differed significantly in heterogeneity depending on their aging status and intercellular interactions. The MetaboAnalyst 5.0 database and the scMetabolism package were used to analyze and calculate the differential metabolic pathways associated with aging in the CPC. These mRNAs and corresponding proteins were involved in the metabolites (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid, 2-Hydroxyglutarate, 2-Ketobutyric acid, 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid, Fumaric acid, L-Leucine, and Oxidized glutathione pathways in CPC. Our results showed that CPC age heterogeneity-associated proteins (ECHS1, GSTT1, HSD17B10, LDHA, and LDHB) might be directly targeted by the metabolite of oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Further molecular dynamics and free-energy simulations confirmed the insight into GSSG's targeting function and free-energy barrier on these CPC age heterogeneity-associated proteins. By inhibiting these proteins in CPC, GSSG inhibits brain energy metabolism, whereas exercise improves the metabolic pathway activity of CPC in NVU by regulating GSSG homeostasis. In order to develop drugs targeting neurodegenerative diseases, further studies are needed to understand how physical exercise enhances NVU function and metabolism by modulating CPC-glial cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisheng Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangqi Li
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beijie Qi
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxuan Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Xueran Kang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Hebei
| | - Jiebin Huang
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chenting Ying
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyi Chen, ; Jiwu Chen, ; Yuzhen Xu,
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyi Chen, ; Jiwu Chen, ; Yuzhen Xu,
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyi Chen, ; Jiwu Chen, ; Yuzhen Xu,
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4
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Mechanisms of Resistance to Conventional Therapies for Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040683. [PMID: 33567616 PMCID: PMC7915189 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor, mainly occurring in children and adolescents. Current standard therapy includes tumor resection associated with multidrug chemotherapy. However, patient survival has not evolved for the past decades. Since the 1970s, the 5-year survival rate is around 75% for patients with localized OS but dramatically drops to 20% for bad responders to chemotherapy or patients with metastases. Resistance is one of the biological processes at the origin of therapeutic failure. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand and decipher molecular mechanisms of resistance to conventional chemotherapy in order to develop new strategies and to adapt treatments for patients, thus improving the survival rate. This review will describe most of the molecular mechanisms involved in OS chemoresistance, such as a decrease in intracellular accumulation of drugs, inactivation of drugs, improved DNA repair, modulations of signaling pathways, resistance linked to autophagy, disruption in genes expression linked to the cell cycle, or even implication of the micro-environment. We will also give an overview of potential therapeutic strategies to circumvent resistance development.
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Ayers J, Milner RJ, Cortés-Hinojosa G, Riva A, Bechtel S, Sahay B, Cascio M, Lejeune A, Shiomitsu K, Souza C, Hernandez O, Salute M. Novel application of single-cell next-generation sequencing for determination of intratumoral heterogeneity of canine osteosarcoma cell lines. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 33:261-278. [PMID: 33446089 PMCID: PMC7944434 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720985242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a highly aggressive and metastatic neoplasm of both the canine and human patient and is the leading form of osseous neoplasia in both species worldwide. To gain deeper insight into the heterogeneous and genetically chaotic nature of OSA, we applied single-cell transcriptome (scRNA-seq) analysis to 4 canine OSA cell lines. This novel application of scRNA-seq technology to the canine genome required uploading the CanFam3.1 reference genome into an analysis pipeline (10X Genomics Cell Ranger); this methodology has not been reported previously in the canine species, to our knowledge. The scRNA-seq outputs were validated by comparing them to cDNA expression from reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing bulk analysis of 4 canine OSA cell lines (COS31, DOUG, POS, and HMPOS) for 11 genes implicated in the pathogenesis of canine OSA. The scRNA-seq outputs revealed the significant heterogeneity of gene transcription expression patterns within the cell lines investigated (COS31 and DOUG). The scRNA-seq data showed 10 distinct clusters of similarly shared transcriptomic expression patterns in COS31; 12 clusters were identified in DOUG. In addition, cRNA-seq analysis provided data for integration into the Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software for canonical pathway analysis. Of the 81 distinct pathways identified within the clusters, 33 had been implicated in the pathogenesis of OSA, of which 18 had not been reported previously in canine OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Ayers
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Rowan J Milner
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Alberto Riva
- ICBR Bioinformatics Core, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Sandra Bechtel
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Matthew Cascio
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine
| | - Amandine Lejeune
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Keijiro Shiomitsu
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Carlos Souza
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Oscar Hernandez
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Marc Salute
- Departments of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine
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6
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Wang S, Yang J, You L, Dai M, Zhao Y. GSTM3 Function and Polymorphism in Cancer: Emerging but Promising. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10377-10388. [PMID: 33116892 PMCID: PMC7585806 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s272467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of human mortality; however, the molecular mechanisms and proteomic biomarkers that cause tumor progression in malignant tumors are either unknown or only partially revealed. Glutathione S-transferases mu3 (GSTM3), which belongs to a family of xenobiotic detoxifying phase II enzymes, is associated with carcinogen detoxification and the metabolism of exogenous electrophilic substances. It has been reported that GSTM3 has different polymorphisms in various tumor cells and regulates tumorigenesis, cell invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance, and oxidative stress. Deep research into the regulatory mechanisms involved in disorders of GSTM3 expression and the function of GSTM3 in different cancers may facilitate improvements in cancer prevention and targeted therapy. The combination of GSTM3 with other family members can regulate the carcinogenesis and susceptibility to different cancers in humans. GSTM3 also regulates the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and participates in oxidative stress-mediated pathology. Here, we provide a general introduction to GSTM3 in order to better understand the role of GSTM3 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunda Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghua Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Hattinger CM, Patrizio MP, Luppi S, Serra M. Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics in Osteosarcoma: Translational Studies and Clinical Impact. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4659. [PMID: 32629971 PMCID: PMC7369799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS) is a very aggressive bone tumor which primarily affects adolescents and young adults. Although not advanced as is the case for other cancers, pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic studies applied to HGOS have been providing hope for an improved understanding of the biology and the identification of genetic biomarkers, which may impact on clinical care management. Recent developments of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in HGOS are expected to: i) highlight genetic events that trigger oncogenesis or which may act as drivers of disease; ii) validate research models that best predict clinical behavior; and iii) indicate genetic biomarkers associated with clinical outcome (in terms of treatment response, survival probability and susceptibility to chemotherapy-related toxicities). The generated body of information may be translated to clinical settings, in order to improve both effectiveness and safety of conventional chemotherapy trials as well as to indicate new tailored treatment strategies. Here, we review and summarize the current scientific evidence for each of the aforementioned issues in view of possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Massimo Serra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.P.); (S.L.)
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Glutathione Transferase P1-1 an Enzyme Useful in Biomedicine and as Biomarker in Clinical Practice and in Environmental Pollution. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081741. [PMID: 31357662 PMCID: PMC6723968 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) is expressed in some human tissues and is abundant in mammalian erythrocytes (here termed e-GST). This enzyme is able to detoxify the cell from endogenous and exogenous toxic compounds by using glutathione (GSH) or by acting as a ligandin. This review collects studies that propose GSTP1-1 as a useful biomarker in different fields of application. The most relevant studies are focused on GSTP1-1 as a biosensor to detect blood toxicity in patients affected by kidney diseases. In fact, this detoxifying enzyme is over-expressed in erythrocytes when unusual amounts of toxins are present in the body. Here we review articles concerning the level of GST in chronic kidney disease patients, in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to assess dialysis adequacy. GST is also over-expressed in autoimmune disease like scleroderma, and in kidney transplant patients and it may be used to check the efficiency of transplanted kidneys. The involvement of GSTP in the oxidative stress and in other human pathologies like cancer, liver and neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders is also reported. Promising applications of e-GST discussed in the present review are its use for monitoring human subjects living in polluted areas and mammals for veterinary purpose.
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Moghimi M, Sobhan MR, Jarahzadeh MH, Morovati-Sharifabad M, Aghili K, Ahrar H, Zare-Shehneh M, Neamatzadeh H. Association of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTM3, and GSTP1 Genes Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Osteosarcoma: a Case- Control Study and Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:675-682. [PMID: 30909663 PMCID: PMC6825775 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.3.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Some studies have investigated the association of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTM3, and GSTP1 polymorphisms with susceptibility to osteosarcoma; however, these studies results are inconsistent and inconclusive. In order to drive a more precise estimation, the present case-control study and meta-analysis was performed to investigate association of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTM3, and GSTP1 polymorphisms with osteosarcoma. Methods: Eligible articles were identified by a search of several electronic databases for the period up to May 5, 2018. Odds ratios were pooled using either fixed-effects or random effects models. Results: Finally, a total of 24 case-control studies with 2,405 osteosarcoma cases and 3,293 controls were included in the present meta-analysis. Overall, significantly increased osteosarcoma risk was found when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis of GSTT1 (Null vs. Present: OR= 1.247 95% CI 1.020-1.524, P= 0.031) and GSTP1 polymorphism (B vs. A: OR= 8.899 95% CI 2.722-29.094, P≤0.001). In the stratified, significantly increased osteosarcoma risk was observed for GSTT1 polymorphism among Asians (Null vs. Present: OR= 1.300 95% CI 1.034-1.635, P= 0.025), but not among Caucasians. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that GSTP1 and GSTT1 null genotype are associated with the risk of osteosarcoma. Future large welldesigned epidemiological studies are warranted to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Moghimi
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sobhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | | | | | - Kazem Aghili
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Ahrar
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Zare-Shehneh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Neamatzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Hattinger CM, Patrizio MP, Luppi S, Magagnoli F, Picci P, Serra M. Current understanding of pharmacogenetic implications of DNA damaging drugs used in osteosarcoma treatment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:299-311. [PMID: 30822170 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1588885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA damaging drugs are widely used for the chemotherapeutic treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS). In HGOS patients, several germline polymorphisms have been reported to impact on the development of adverse toxic events related to DNA damaging drugs treatment. Some of these polymorphisms, when present in tumor cells, may also influence treatment response and prognosis of HGOS patients. Area covered: In this review, the authors have focused on pharmacogenetic markers (mainly germline polymorphisms) described in patients with HGOS, which have proved or indicated to be related to the susceptibility to adverse toxic reactions and/or to influence response to DNA damaging drugs. The concordant and discordant results reported in different studies have also been discussed. Expert opinion: Response and toxicity predisposition to DNA damaging drugs are influenced by genes encoding proteins involved in their uptake, efflux, activation, inactivation, and in DNA repair, activity of which may vary according to specific gene variations. In HGOS, there is a substantial medical need for biomarkers predictive for individual response and toxicity predisposition to DNA-targeting drugs, which may be used to tailor therapy in order to decrease the occurrence of adverse side effects and increase treatment efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Maria Hattinger
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maria Pia Patrizio
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Silvia Luppi
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Federica Magagnoli
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- b Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decade, accumulated evidence has suggested that genetic variation is related to the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Although there are a large number of studies on the association between genetic variation and osteosarcoma, their results are inconsistent. To clarify these findings, we performed a systematic meta-analysis using allelic contrasts for each gene-specific single nucleotide variants with all available data in the field of osteosarcoma. METHODS The literature search for relevant studies was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Pooled ORs and 95% CI values were calculated by the random-effects model using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis version 2.0 software package. Heterogeneity between studies was examined by the Cochran's Q-test. RESULTS The 32 genome-wide case-control population-based studies, involving 15,336 study subjects (6924 cases and 8412 controls), were included in this meta-analysis. We analyzed 24 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 14 genes. We identified 12 SNVs in CTLA-4, IL-8, MDM2, PRCKG, RECQL5, TNF-a, TP53, XRCC3, and VEGF that correlated with osteosarcoma susceptibility. The average pooled odds ratio for the 9 risk alleles was 2.082 (range: 1.585 to 3.262). These included CTLA-4 rs231775, CTLA-4 rs5742909, PRCKG rs454006, RECQL5 rs820196, TNF-α rs1800629, TP53 rs1042522, XRCC3 rs861539, VEGF rs699947, and VEGF rs3025039. The average pooled odds ratio for the 3 protective alleles, IL-8 rs4073, MDM2 rs1690916, and VEGF rs2010963, was 0.606 (range: 0.510-0.719). Publication bias was not observed among the studies reporting positively correlated SNVs. The pooled odds ratios for the SNVs that correlated with osteosarcoma risk showed homogeneity. CONCLUSION Our results provide powerful information for tracking the most viable gene candidates. Further studies with larger multiethnicity populations and investigations of the potential biological roles of these genetic variants in osteosarcoma should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Vos HI, Coenen MJH, Guchelaar HJ, Te Loo DMWM. The role of pharmacogenetics in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1775-1786. [PMID: 27352631 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In osteosarcoma, large variation is observed in the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs among similarly treated patients. Treatment optimization using predictive factors or algorithms is of importance, because there has been a lack of improvement of treatment outcome and survival for decades. The outcome of cancer treatment is influenced by the genome, thus studying genetic variants involved in the efficacy and toxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of osteosarcoma could be an opportunity to optimize current treatments and improve our understanding of the individual's drug response in osteosarcoma patients. This review discusses the current insights in the pharmacogenetics of the treatment response of osteosarcoma patients regarding efficacy and toxicity, and implications for future research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke I Vos
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Dept of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J H Coenen
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Dept of Human Genetics, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- Dept of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Dunja Maroeska W M Te Loo
- Dept of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dept of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hattinger CM, Serra M. Role of pharmacogenetics of drug-metabolizing enzymes in treating osteosarcoma. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1449-63. [PMID: 26095223 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1060220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) biotransform several toxins and xenobiotics in both tumor and normal cells, resulting in either their detoxification or their activation. Since DMEs also metabolize several chemotherapeutic drugs, they can significantly influence tumor response to chemotherapy and susceptibility of normal tissues to collateral toxicity of anticancer treatments. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the pharmacogenetics of DMEs involved in the metabolism of drugs which constitute the backbone of osteosarcoma (OS) chemotherapy, highlighting what is presently known for this tumor and their possible impact on the modulation of future treatment approaches. EXPERT OPINION Achieving further insight into pharmacogenetic markers and biological determinants related to treatment response in OS may ultimately lead to individualized treatment regimens, based on a combination of genotype and tumor characteristics of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Maria Hattinger
- a Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit , Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy +390 516 366 762 ; +390 516 366 763 ;
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