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Hu A, Nussbaum YI, Mitchem J, Yoo J. Colorectal Cancer-Associated Myofibroblasts Exhibit Enhanced Angiogenin Expression and Signaling via the PLXNB2 Receptor. J Surg Res 2024; 296:273-280. [PMID: 38295715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dynamic cell-cell interactions shape the tumor microenvironment to regulate tumor growth and invasiveness. Myofibroblasts are gastrointestinal stromal cells that are upregulated in the setting of colorectal cancer (CRC) and may play an important role in tumor-stromal cell communication. Angiogenin is a 14-kDa ribonuclease that regulates myofibroblast function and has been implicated in myofibroblast-CRC cell communication in mouse models. However, its role in human patients has not been well established. METHODS Open access, annotated single-cell RNA sequencing data of paired normal human colon and CRC tissue were available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus Database. We supplemented and verified these data by analyzing scRNA-seq data from an independent set of paired normal human colon and CRC tissue. CellChat was used to quantitatively infer biologically meaningful cell-cell communication networks from scRNA-seq data. PLXNB2 and α-2 actin (ACTA2) are cell surface angiogenin receptors that regulate angiogenin signaling. Ligand-receptor interactions involving angiogenin, PLXNB2, and ACTA2 were analyzed between cell populations in each sample. RESULTS We found no difference in overall angiogenin expression comparing normal colon and CRC tissue. In normal colon tissue, myofibroblasts do not express angiogenin or the PLXNB2 receptor. In the presence of CRC, there was a striking increase in the number of myofibroblast cells within the surrounding stroma. CRC-associated myofibroblasts were characterized by a significant upregulation of both angiogenin and PLXNB2 receptor expression (P < 0.05), while no difference was seen in ACTA2. CRC cells not only use angiogenin for autocrine signaling but also communicate with myofibroblasts via the PLXNB2 receptor. CONCLUSIONS Compared to normal human colon tissue, CRC tissue is associated with an enrichment of myofibroblasts that exhibit upregulated expression of angiogenin and the angiogenin receptor PLXNB2. CRC cells engage in autocrine signaling via angiogenin and paracrine signaling with myofibroblasts via PLXNB2. Angiogenin appears to be directly involved in tumor-stromal cell communication in human CRC tissue and may play an important role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hu
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yulia I Nussbaum
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jonathan Mitchem
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; Department of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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2
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Garnett ER, Raines RT. Emerging biological functions of ribonuclease 1 and angiogenin. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 57:244-260. [PMID: 34886717 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.2004577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic-type ribonucleases (ptRNases) are a large family of vertebrate-specific secretory endoribonucleases. These enzymes catalyze the degradation of many RNA substrates and thereby mediate a variety of biological functions. Though the homology of ptRNases has informed biochemical characterization and evolutionary analyses, the understanding of their biological roles is incomplete. Here, we review the functions of two ptRNases: RNase 1 and angiogenin. RNase 1, which is an abundant ptRNase with high catalytic activity, has newly discovered roles in inflammation and blood coagulation. Angiogenin, which promotes neovascularization, is now known to play roles in the progression of cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as in the cellular stress response. Ongoing work is illuminating the biology of these and other ptRNases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Garnett
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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3
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Yu D, Sun J, Weng Y, Luo L, Sheng J, Xu Z. Serum angiogenin as a potential biomarker for early detection of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:703-708. [PMID: 33661188 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality, early-stage detection dramatically improves survival rate. To explore the feasibility of serum angiogenin (ANG) as a biomarker for early detection of colorectal neoplasia, we collected serum samples from 781 participants, including 369 patients with CRC, 133 with colorectal adenoma and 279 healthy controls. We examined the levels of serum ANG by ELISA, calculated the diagnostic accuracy of ANG by plotted receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs), and compared it with those obtained by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). We also analyzed the relationship between serum ANG level and TNM stage in CRC patients. The results showed that ANG serum levels were significantly elevated in patients with colorectal adenomas and CRC (P < 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ANG in distinguishing CRC patients from healthy controls was 0.740 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.705-0.744], comparable to that of CEA (0.770; 95% CI: 0.735-0.802; P = 0.26) but significantly higher than that of CA19-9 (0.636; 95% CI: 0.598-0.674, P < 0.01), with much higher sensitivity (67.75%) than CEA (36.86%) or CA19-9 (12.20%). We observed no significant differences in ANG serum levels among CRCs at different TNM stages. Furthermore, sensitivity and specificity of ANG for distinguishing colorectal adenomas patients from healthy controls were 66.20% and 64.90%, respectively. ANG has the potential to serve as a serum biomarker for early detection of colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine
| | - Yu Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Ferguson R, Subramanian V. The secretion of the angiogenic and neurotrophic factor angiogenin is COPII and microtubule dependent. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:265-279. [PMID: 31128105 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The RNaseA superfamily member Angiogenin (ANG) is a secreted protein involved in neovascularization, cell proliferation and stress response. Dysregulation of ANG expression is found in many cancers with poor prognosis and mutations in ANG are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. While the uptake and nuclear translocation of ANG is relatively well characterised, little is known about how it reaches the plasma membrane and its mode of secretion. We generated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines constitutively expressing wild type (WT) Hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tagged mouse Ang1 (mAng1), and two amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated ANG variants (C39W and K40I). Herein, we show that these cell lines secrete mAng1 into the culture media. Using small molecule inhibitors we probed the route taken between the endoplasmic reticulum and trans-Golgi network during secretion and have characterised it as COPII and microtubule dependent. In addition, we show that disruption by the PI3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin of the later stages of transit to the plasma membrane leads to mAng1 trafficking to lysosomal compartments. This suggests an autophagy dependent regulation of secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Ferguson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Vasanta Subramanian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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5
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Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is involved in tissue size regulation and tumorigenesis. Genetic deletion or aberrant expression of some Hippo pathway genes lead to enhanced cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and cancer metastasis. Recently, multiple studies have identified a wide range of upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway, including mechanical cues and ligands of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Through the activation related G proteins and possibly rearrangements of actin cytoskeleton, GPCR signaling can potently modulate the phosphorylation states and activity of YAP and TAZ, two homologous oncogenic transcriptional co-activators, and major effectors of the Hippo pathway. Herein, we summarize the network, regulation, and functions of GPCR-Hippo signaling, and we will also discuss potential anti-cancer therapies targeting GPCR-YAP signaling.
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6
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Li S, Shi X, Chen M, Xu N, Sun D, Bai R, Chen H, Ding K, Sheng J, Xu Z. Angiogenin promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via tiRNA production. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1395-1407. [PMID: 30828790 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of CRC-associated mortality. Angiogenin (ANG), a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, not only activates endothelial cells to induce tumor angiogenesis, but also targets tumor cells to promote cell survival, proliferation and/or migration. However, its clinical significance and underlying mechanism in CRC metastasis are still largely unknown. Here, we reported that ANG was upregulated in CRC tissues and associated with metastasis in CRC patients. We then revealed that ANG enhanced CRC growth and metastasis in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Intriguingly, we characterized a bunch of tRNA-derived stress-induced small RNAs (tiRNAs), produced through ANG cleavage, that was enriched in both CRC tumor tissues and highly metastatic cells, and functioned in ANG-promoted CRC metastasis. Moreover, higher level of a 5'-tiRNA from mature tRNA-Val (5'-tiRNA-Val) was observed in CRC patients and was correlated with tumor metastasis. Taken together, we propose that a novel ANG-tiRNAs-cell migration and invasion regulatory axis promotes CRC metastasis, which might be of potential target for CRC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Shi
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muxiong Chen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningqin Xu
- Clinical Medicine Class 2017-03, Karamay College of Xinjiang Medical University, Karamay, China
| | - Desen Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongpan Bai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Department of Surgical Oncology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengping Xu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Cancer Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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7
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The Potential of Angiogenin as a Serum Biomarker for Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:1984718. [PMID: 29736193 PMCID: PMC5875026 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1984718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Angiogenin (ANG) is a multifunctional angiogenic protein that participates in both normal development and diseases. Abnormal serum ANG levels are commonly reported in various diseases. However, whether ANG can serve as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for different diseases remains a matter of debate. Methods Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature utilizing PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus search engines to identify all publications comparing plasma or serum ANG levels between patients with different diseases and healthy controls, as were studies evaluating circulating ANG levels in healthy populations, pregnant women, or other demographic populations. Results This study demonstrated that the serum ANG concentration in healthy populations was 336.14 ± 142.83 ng/ml and remained relatively stable in different populations and regions. We noted no significant differences in serum ANG levels between patients and healthy controls, except in cases in which patients suffered from cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The serum ANG concentrations were significantly higher in patients who developed colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes, and heart failure than those in healthy controls. Conclusion ANG has the potential of being a serum biomarker for cancers and cardiovascular diseases.
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Chatzileontiadou DSM, Tsika AC, Diamantopoulou Z, Delbé J, Badet J, Courty J, Skamnaki VT, Parmenopoulou V, Komiotis D, Hayes JM, Spyroulias GA, Leonidas DD. Evidence for Novel Action at the Cell-Binding Site of Human Angiogenin Revealed by Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy, in silico and in vivo Studies. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:259-269. [PMID: 29314771 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, human angiogenin (hAng) is a potent angiogenic factor. Heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy combined with induced-fit docking revealed a dual binding mode for the most antiangiogenic compound of a series of ribofuranosyl pyrimidine nucleosides that strongly inhibit hAng's angiogenic activity in vivo. While modeling suggests the potential for simultaneous binding of the inhibitors at the active and cell-binding sites, NMR studies indicate greater affinity for the cell-binding site than for the active site. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations at 100 ns confirmed the stability of binding at the cell-binding site with the predicted protein-ligand interactions, in excellent agreement with the NMR data. This is the first time that a nucleoside inhibitor is reported to completely inhibit the angiogenic activity of hAng in vivo by exerting dual inhibitory activity on hAng, blocking both the entrance of hAng into the cell and its ribonucleolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra S M Chatzileontiadou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece.,Current address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Zoi Diamantopoulou
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), Université Paris-EST Créteil, CNRS ERL 9215, France.,Current address: Cancer Research (UK) Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean Delbé
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), Université Paris-EST Créteil, CNRS ERL 9215, France
| | - Josette Badet
- INSERM U1139, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
| | - José Courty
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), Université Paris-EST Créteil, CNRS ERL 9215, France
| | - Vassiliki T Skamnaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vanessa Parmenopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitri Komiotis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Joseph M Hayes
- Centre for Materials Science and School of Physical Sciences & Computing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | | | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
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9
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Huang B, Liu X, Sun C, Wang L, Yang L. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of Bcl-2 with the occurrence and prognosis of colorectal cancer: A case-control study. Cancer Biomark 2017; 18:433-439. [PMID: 28106544 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of Bcl-2 with the occurrence and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was used detect Bcl-2 gene polymorphisms (rs1800477A/G and rs1801018A/G) in 185 patients with CRC (case group) and 177 healthy subjects (control group). The relationships of Bcl-2 gene polymorphisms with clinicopathological features and prognosis of CRC patients were analyzed. RESULTS The frequency of GG genotype and G allele of rs1800477A/G in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P < 0.05). The GG genotype of rs1800477A/G was associated with lymph node metastasis and Dukes' staging of CRC (both P < 0.05). Haplotype analysis demonstrated that the case group had decreased frequency of GA haplotype, but increased frequency of GG haplotype in comparisons to the control group (GA: P = 0.014; GG: P = 0.003). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the risk of death (within 5 years) in patients carrying GG genotype (rs1800477A/G) was 2.159 as much as that in patients carrying AA + GA genotype. Multivariate analyses showed that Dukes' staging and GG genotype of rs1800477A/G are risk factors for poor prognosis in CRC (Dukes' staging: P = 0.001; GG genotype: P = 0.034). CONCLUSION Bcl-2 rs1800477A/G polymorphism may be related to the occurrence of CRC, and GG genotype could be a risk factor of poor prognosis in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Huang
- Department of Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Chengming Sun
- Department of Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
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10
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Xu L, Yan Y, Xue X, Li CG, Xu ZY, Chen HZ. Angiogenin elevates the invasive potential of squamous cell lung carcinoma cells through epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2836-2842. [PMID: 27667357 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung is one of the most aggressive cancers, and its aggressiveness is in part due to its intrinsic high rate of metastasis. Moreover, the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) appears to be involved in these neoplastic processes. Furthermore, EMT-type cells share many biological characteristics with the function of angiogenin (ANG) in squamous cell lung carcinoma. We conducted immunohistochemical analysis to detect the expression of ANG, E-cadherin, vimentin, N-cadherin, β-catenin and TGF-β1 in 60 cases of squamous cell lung carcinoma tissues. Western blot analysis was adopted to detect the protein expression levels of ANG and EMT markers. The effects of ANG on proliferation, migration and invasion of squamous cell lung carcinoma cells was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8, scratch assay and Transwell invasion chamber in order to reveal the role of ANG in the process of EMT in squamous cell lung carcinoma. The results revealed that ANG was aberrantly expressed in the squamous cell lung carcinoma specimens and was closely correlated with the differentiation of the cell lines. The expression of ANG was also significantly associated with metastasis and the stage of the squamous cell lung carcinoma cases. In addition, we validated that ANG influenced the expression of vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, β-catenin and TGF-β1 in SK-MES-1 cells. Most importantly, overexpression of ANG enhanced the migration and invasion of SK-MES-1 cells, while knockdown resulted in opposite effects. In the present study, we found that ANG plays an important role in EMT in squamous cell lung carcinoma and may be a valuable therapeutic target for squamous cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Guang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - He-Zhong Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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11
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Peres R, Furuya H, Pagano I, Shimizu Y, Hokutan K, Rosser CJ. Angiogenin contributes to bladder cancer tumorigenesis by DNMT3b-mediated MMP2 activation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:43109-43123. [PMID: 27317771 PMCID: PMC5190012 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic-mediated gene activation/silencing plays a crucial role in human tumorigenesis. Eliciting the underlying mechanism behind certain epigenetic changes is essential for understanding tumor biology. Previous studies in human cancers revealed an unrecognized interplay between Angiogenin (ANG) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) leading to pronounced tumorigenesis. Here we provide multiple lines of evidence further indicating ANG oncogenic potential. ANG expression resulted in the hypomethylated state of the MMP2 gene, which led to increased gene expression of MMP2. More than that, our global DNA methylation microarray analysis showed that gene manipulation of ANG affected a variety of pathways, such as cell migration, angiogenesis and specifically, tumor suppressor genes. Mechanistically, ANG negatively regulated DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) enzymatic activity by down-regulating its expression and inhibiting its recruitment to the MMP2 promoter. Consistent with this, ANG-MMP2 overexpression and DNMT3b underexpression correlated with reduction in disease free survival of human bladder cancer patients. Together, the results continue to establish ANG as an oncoprotein and further reveal that ANG contributes to oncogenesis by the activation of MMP2 through modulation of DNMT3b functions.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- DNA Methylation
- Disease-Free Survival
- Down-Regulation
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/genetics
- Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortality
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
- DNA Methyltransferase 3B
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Peres
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical & Translational Research Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hideki Furuya
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical & Translational Research Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ian Pagano
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yoshiko Shimizu
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical & Translational Research Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kanani Hokutan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical & Translational Research Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Charles J. Rosser
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Clinical & Translational Research Program, Honolulu, HI, USA
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12
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Significance of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) for tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): possible marker of tumor progression and neovascularization? Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:2293-2300. [PMID: 26993659 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiogenesis and neovascularisation plays a crucial role for tumorigenesis and tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of our study was to investigate the neovascularization capacity by endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in tumor patient as a possible predictor for tumor progression and tumor stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Therefore, we investigated the cell number and biologic activity by cell migration and colony-forming ability of EPC. Cells were isolated from the peripheral venous blood of 79 patients who suffer HNSCC in different stages of disease. Thirty-three healthy individuals served as the control group. RESULTS Significantly increased biological activities were reflected by expression of the migration rate (1027 ± 1510) in comparison to the control group (632 ± 269) and the clonal potency measured by colony-forming unit (CFU) (tumor patients (19.7 ± 12.3) vs. control group (10.84 ± 4.8)). To determine whether or not EPC number can be used as a valid prognostic marker for clinical outcome of tumor patients, we furthermore compared a "high EPC-number-subgroup" (HI) with a "low EPC-number-subgroup" (LO) in a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The HI-subgroup shows herein clearly a worse outcome. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate a possible pathway for EPC to play a critical role in the vasculogenesis and consequently in the progression of HNSCC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings could serve as possible predictors for the neovascularisation potential in HNSCC tumor patients.
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13
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Diebel KW, Zhou K, Clarke AB, Bemis LT. Beyond the Ribosome: Extra-translational Functions of tRNA Fragments. Biomark Insights 2016; 11:1-8. [PMID: 26843810 PMCID: PMC4734663 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s35904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing studies of small RNAs reveal a complex milieu of noncoding RNAs in biological samples. Early data analysis was often limited to microRNAs due to their regulatory nature and potential as biomarkers; however, many more classes of noncoding RNAs are now being recognized. A class of fragments initially excluded from analysis were those derived from transfer RNAs (tRNAs) because they were thought to be degradation products. More recently, critical cellular function has been attributed to tRNA fragments (tRFs), and their conservation across all domains of life has propelled them into an emerging area of scientific study. The biogenesis of tRFs is currently being elucidated, and initial studies show that a diverse array of tRFs are generated from all parts of a tRNA molecule. The goal of this review was to present what is currently known about tRFs and their potential as biomarkers for the earlier detection of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Diebel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Aaron B Clarke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Lynne T Bemis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus, Duluth, MN, USA
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Increased pre-surgical numbers of endothelial progenitor cells and circulating endothelial cells in colorectal cancer fail to predict outcome. Int J Colorectal Dis 2015; 30:315-21. [PMID: 25598043 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-014-2116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The endothelium and angiogenesis are therapeutic targets in cancer. Response to treatment may be assessed by laboratory plasma markers such as circulating endothelial cells (CECs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), von Willebrand factor (vWf), soluble E selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenin. We hypothesised that these markers, obtained before surgery, would predict 2-year outcome after surgery with or without anti-angiogenic therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We recruited 154 patients with CRC, of whom 51 were treated with surgery alone, 74 were treated with standard chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil) and 29 were treated with standard chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF therapy (Avastin). Peripheral blood was taken before surgery. CD34(+)/CD45(-)/CD146(+) CECs and CD34(+)/CD45(-)/CD309 [KDR](+) EPCs were measured by flow cytometry and plasma markers by ELISA. RESULTS After a mean of 2.1 years follow-up (range 1.9-2.3 years), 52 of the patients (33.7 %) experienced a poor outcome (radiological and/or histological evidence of tumour spread or recurrence, or death [n = 26]). In univariate analysis, poor outcome was linked to Dukes' stage (p < 0.001), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (p < 0.001), type of treatment (surgery alone, standard chemotherapy with or without anti-antigenic therapy) (p = 0.047), CECs (p < 0.02) and EPCs (p < 0.01). In subsequent binary logistic regression analysis, only Dukes' stage (hazard ratio 2.3, 95 % confidence interval 1.0-5.3, p = 0.047) and modified AJCC stage (4.62, 1.88-11.33, p < 0.001) predicted a poor outcome. CONCLUSION Endothelial cell markers (CECs, EPCs, vWf, soluble E selectin) and growth factors (VEGF and angiogenin), measured before surgery, have nothing extra to offer in predicting 2-year outcome in colorectal cancer when compared to Dukes' or AJCC stage.
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15
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Manzoni M, Comolli G, Torchio M, Mazzini G, Danova M. Circulating endothelial cells and their subpopulations: role as predictive biomarkers in antiangiogenic therapy for colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2014; 14:11-7. [PMID: 25591800 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several anticancer therapies have been developed to block angiogenesis, a key mechanism in tumor growth and metastasis. The predominantly cytostatic action of these compounds makes an assessment of their clinical activities inadequate if based only on the reduction of the tumor dimensions, as this may not reflect their true biologic efficacy. Thus, it is crucial to identify biomarkers that permit the recognition of potentially responsive subjects and to spare toxicity in those who are unlikely to benefit from treatment. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) have been recently indicated as potential surrogate biomarkers of angiogenesis in several types of cancer. The possibility of rapidly quantifying these cells represents a promising tool for monitoring the clinical outcome of tumors with the potential to assess response to various treatments. However, the identification and quantification of CECs is technically difficult and not well standardized. A variety of methods to detect CECs in patients with solid tumors have been used; these are based on different technical approaches, combinations of surface markers, sample handling, and staining protocols. With an expanding interest in the field of potential clinical applications for CECs in oncology, the development of standardized protocols for analysis is mandatory. The aim of this review was to critically summarize the available data concerning the clinical value of CECs and their subpopulations as biomarkers of antiangiogenic therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Manzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera "Ospedale Maggiore", Crema, Italy.
| | - Giuditta Comolli
- Laboratories of Biotechnology and Virology/Microbiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Torchio
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Mazzini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology, Ospedale di Vigevano, Vigevano, Italy
| | - Marco Danova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
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16
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Circulating endothelial progenitor cell: a promising biomarker in clinical oncology. Med Oncol 2014; 32:332. [PMID: 25428376 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human cancers are endowed with sustained vascularization capability, and their growth, invasion, and metastasis are vascularization dependent. Recently, accumulated body of evidence suggests that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can support vasculogenesis and induce angiogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. In addition, numerous clinical studies have revealed the increase in the number of EPCs in the peripheral blood of cancer patients and demonstrated the correlation of circulating EPCs (CEPCs) with the clinical outcomes. This review highlights current enrichment procedures and methods for the detection of CEPCs and different biomarkers to identify CEPCs as well as the functions of EPCs in tumor vascularization. Furthermore, we systematically review available studies on the clinical relevance of CEPCs in cancer patients to explore the potential diagnostic and prognostic values of CEPCs. Although several contrasting results exist, CEPCs can conceivably serve as a promising biomarker for the early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment response indication in the future. Additionally, further well-designed clinical studies with larger sample size and unique, specific enumeration procedures are warranted to achieve further insight into the clinical implications of CEPCs.
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17
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Ramcharan KS, Lip GYH, Stonelake PS, Blann AD. Effect of standard chemotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy on plasma markers and endothelial cells in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1742-9. [PMID: 25211664 PMCID: PMC4453738 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The importance of the endothelium in angiogenesis and cancer is undisputed, and its integrity may be assessed by laboratory markers such as circulating endothelial cells (CECs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), plasma von Willebrand factor (vWf), soluble E selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenin. Antiantigenic therapy may be added to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy as a new treatment modality. We hypothesised that additional antiangiogenic therapy acts in a contrasting manner to that of standard chemotherapy on the laboratory markers. Methods: We recruited 68 patients with CRC, of whom 16 were treated with surgery alone, 32 were treated with surgery followed by standard chemotherapy (5-flurouracil), and 20 were treated with surgery followed by standard chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF therapy (Avastin). Peripheral blood was taken before surgery, and again 3 months and 6 months later. CD34+/CD45−/CD146+ CECs and CD34+/CD45−/CD309[KDR]+ EPCs were measured by flow cytometry, plasma markers by ELISA. Results: In each of the three groups, CECs and EPCs fell at 3 months but were back at pre-surgery levels at 6 months (P<0.05). VEGF was lower in both 3-and 6-month samples in the surgery-only and surgery plus standard chemotherapy groups (P<0.05), but in those on surgery followed by standard chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF therapy, low levels at 3 months (P<0.01) increased to pre-surgery levels at 6 months. In those having surgery and standard chemotherapy, soluble E selectin was lower, whereas angiogenin was higher at 6 months than at baseline (both P<0.05). Conclusions: We found disturbances in endotheliod cells regardless of treatment, whereas VEGF returned to levels before surgery in those on antiangiogenic therapy. These observations may have clinical and pathophysiological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Ramcharan
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK [2] Department of Surgery, Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley DY1 2HQ, UK
| | - G Y H Lip
- Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
| | - P S Stonelake
- Department of Surgery, Russell's Hall Hospital, Dudley DY1 2HQ, UK
| | - A D Blann
- Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
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Reumer A, Maes E, Mertens I, Cho WCS, Landuyt B, Valkenborg D, Schoofs L, Baggerman G. Colorectal cancer biomarker discovery and validation using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics in blood: truth or dare? Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:449-463. [PMID: 24702250 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.905743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant neoplasm. However, highly sensitive, specific, noninvasive tests that allow CRC diagnosis at an early stage are still needed. As circulatory blood reflects the physiological status of an individual and/or the disease status for several disorders, efforts have been undertaken to identify candidate diagnostic CRC markers in plasma and serum. In this review, the challenges, bottlenecks and promising properties of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics in blood are discussed. More specifically, important aspects in clinical design, sample retrieval, sample preparation, and MS analysis are presented. The recent developments in targeted MS approaches in plasma or serum are highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ank Reumer
- KU Leuven, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Naamsestraat 59, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Jiang Q, Ding S, Wu J, Liu X, Wu Z. Norepinephrine stimulates mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells after limb ischemia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101774. [PMID: 25007164 PMCID: PMC4090158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective During several pathological processes such as cancer progression, thermal injury, wound healing and hindlimb ischemia, the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilization was enhanced with an increase of sympathetic nerve activity and norepinephrine (NE) secretion, yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the effects of NE on EPCs has less been investigated. Methods and Results EPCs from BMs, peripheral circulation and spleens, the VEGF concentration in BM, skeletal muscle, peripheral circulation and spleen and angiogenesis in ischemic gastrocnemius were quantified in mice with hindlimbs ischemia. Systemic treatment of NE significantly increased EPCs number in BM, peripheral circulation and spleen, VEGF concentration in BM and skeletal muscle and angiogenesis in ischemic gastrocnemius in mice with hind limb ischemia, but did not affair VEGF concentration in peripheral circulation and spleen. EPCs isolated from healthy adults were cultured with NE in vitro to evaluate proliferation potential, migration capacity and phosphorylations of Akt and eNOS signal moleculars. Treatment of NE induced a significant increase in number of EPCs in the S-phase in a dose-dependent manner, as well as migrative activity of EPCs in vitro (p<0.05). The co-treatment of Phentolamine, I127, LY294002 and L-NAME with NE blocked the effects of NE on EPCs proliferation and migration. Treatment with NE significantly increased phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS of EPCs. Addition of phentolamine and I127 attenuated the activation of Akt/eNOS pathway, but metoprolol could not. Pretreatment of mice with either Phentolamine or I127 significantly attenuated the effects of NE on EPCs in vivo, VEGF concentration in BM, skeletal muscle and angiogenesis in ischemic gastrocnemius, but Metoprolol did not. Conclusion These results unravel that sympathetic nervous system regulate EPCs mobilization and their pro-angiogenic capacity via α adrenoceptor, β 2 adrenoceptor and meanwhile Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zonggui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Reeves F, Sapre N, Corcoran N, Hovens C. Tumor vascularity in prostate cancer: an update on circulating endothelial cells and platelets as noninvasive biomarkers. Biomark Med 2013; 7:879-91. [PMID: 24266820 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to individually tailor prostate cancer (PCa) treatment, clinicians need better tools to predict prognosis and treatment response. Given the relationship between angiogenesis and cancer progression, circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their progenitors have logically been proposed as potential biomarkers. The utility of their baseline levels and kinetics has been investigated for years. However, owing to a lack of standardization and validation of CEC and circulating endothelial progenitors enumeration protocols, results have been inconsistent in prostate and other cancers. Similarly, platelets play a significant part in cancer progression, yet the role of platelet-related biomarkers in PCa is unclear. While there have been a number of theoretically interesting platelet-related markers proposed, limited research has been conducted in PCa patients. Currently, CECs and platelets do not have a clear role as biomarkers in routine PCa care. Given the theoretical merits of these cells, prospective trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fairleigh Reeves
- Department of Urology & Surgery, University of Melbourne, Level 3 Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
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