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Pagano S, Bakker SJL, Juillard C, Vossio S, Moreau D, Brandt KJ, Mach F, Dullaart RPF, Vuilleumier N. Antibody against apolipoprotein-A1, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a translational study. J Transl Med 2023; 21:694. [PMID: 37798764 PMCID: PMC10552329 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-1 (AAA-1) are a possible novel CVD risk factor promoting inflammation and disrupting cellular lipid homeostasis, two prominent pathogenic features of NAFLD. We explored the role of AAA-1 in NAFLD and their association with CVD risk. METHODS HepaRG cells and liver sections from ApoE-/- mice exposed to AAA-1 were used for lipid quantification and conditional protein expression. Randomly selected sera from 312 subjects of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease (PREVEND) general population cohort were used to measure AAA-1. A Fatty Liver Index (FLI) ≥ 60 and a 10-year Framingham Risk Score (FRS) ≥ 20% were used as proxy of NAFLD and high CVD risk, respectively. RESULTS In-vitro and mouse models showed that AAA-1 increased triglyceride synthesis leading to steatosis, and promoted inflammation and hepatocyte injury. In the 112 PREVEND participants with FLI ≥ 60, AAA-1 were associated with higher FRS, alkaline phosphatase levels, lower HDL cholesterol and tended to display higher FLI values. Univariate linear and logistic regression analyses (LRA) confirmed significant associations between AAA-1, FLI and FRS ≥ 20%, while in adjusted LRA, FLI was the sole independent predictor of FRS ≥ 20% (OR: 1.05, 95%CI 1.01-1.09, P = 0.003). AAA-1 was not an independent FLI predictor. CONCLUSIONS AAA-1 induce a NAFLD-compatible phenotype in vitro and in mice. Intricate associations exist between AAA-1, CVD risk and FLI in the general population. Further work is required to refine the role of AAA-1 in NAFLD and to determine if the AAA-1 association with CVD is affected by hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Pagano
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostics Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Department of Medicine Specialties, Medical Faculty, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Juillard
- Department of Medicine Specialties, Medical Faculty, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Vossio
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Moreau
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karim J Brandt
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostics Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine Specialties, Medical Faculty, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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Khalil M, Shanmugam H, Abdallah H, John Britto JS, Galerati I, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G, Portincasa P. The Potential of the Mediterranean Diet to Improve Mitochondrial Function in Experimental Models of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153112. [PMID: 35956289 PMCID: PMC9370259 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal expansion of body fat paves the way for several metabolic abnormalities including overweight, obesity, and diabetes, which ultimately cluster under the umbrella of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients with MetS are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, morbidity, and mortality. The coexistence of distinct metabolic abnormalities is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, as components of low-to-medium grade systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Adopting healthy lifestyles, by using appropriate dietary regimens, contributes to the prevention and treatment of MetS. Metabolic abnormalities can influence the function and energetic capacity of mitochondria, as observed in many obesity-related cardio-metabolic disorders. There are preclinical studies both in cellular and animal models, as well as clinical studies, dealing with distinct nutrients of the Mediterranean diet (MD) and dysfunctional mitochondria in obesity and MetS. The term “Mitochondria nutrients” has been adopted in recent years, and it depicts the adequate nutrients to keep proper mitochondrial function. Different experimental models show that components of the MD, including polyphenols, plant-derived compounds, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, can improve mitochondrial metabolism, biogenesis, and antioxidant capacity. Such effects are valuable to counteract the mitochondrial dysfunction associated with obesity-related abnormalities and can represent the beneficial feature of polyphenols-enriched olive oil, vegetables, nuts, fish, and plant-based foods, as the main components of the MD. Thus, developing mitochondria-targeting nutrients and natural agents for MetS treatment and/or prevention is a logical strategy to decrease the burden of disease and medications at a later stage. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the effects of the MD and its bioactive components on improving mitochondrial structure and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Harshitha Shanmugam
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Jerlin Stephy John Britto
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Ilaria Galerati
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-A.); (G.F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, 28029 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-A.); (G.F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, 28029 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-328-4687215
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