1
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Pfeffer PL. The first lineage determination in mammals. Dev Biol 2024; 513:12-30. [PMID: 38761966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This review describes in detail the morphological, cytoskeletal and gene expression events leading to the gene regulatory network bifurcation point of trophoblast and inner cell mass cells in a variety of mammalian preimplantation embryos. The interrelated processes of compaction and polarity establishment are discussed in terms of how they affect YAP/WWTR activity and the location and fate of cells. Comparisons between mouse, human, cattle, pig and rabbit embryos suggest a conserved role for YAP/WWTR signalling in trophoblast induction in eutherian animals though the mechanisms for, and timing of, YAP/WWTR activation differs among species. Downstream targets show further differences, with the trophoblast marker GATA3 being a direct target in all examined mammals, while CDX2-positive and SOX2-negative regulation varies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Pfeffer
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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2
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Kumar S, De Leon EM, Granados J, Whitworth DJ, VandeBerg JL. Monodelphis domestica Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reveal Metatherian Pluripotency Architecture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12623. [PMID: 36293487 PMCID: PMC9604385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marsupials have been a powerful comparative model to understand mammalian biology. However, because of the unique characteristics of their embryology, marsupial pluripotency architecture remains to be fully understood, and nobody has succeeded in developing embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from any marsupial species. We have developed an integration-free iPSC reprogramming method and established validated iPSCs from two inbred strains of a marsupial, Monodelphis domestica. The monoiPSCs showed a significant (6181 DE-genes) and highly uniform (r2 [95% CI] = 0.973 ± 0.007) resetting of the cellular transcriptome and were similar to eutherian ESCs and iPSCs in their overall transcriptomic profiles. However, monoiPSCs showed unique regulatory architecture of the core pluripotency transcription factors and were more like marsupial epiblasts. Our results suggest that POU5F1 and the splice-variant-specific expression of POU5F3 synergistically regulate the opossum pluripotency gene network. It is plausible that POU5F1, POU5F3 splice variant XM_016427856.1, and SOX2 form a self-regulatory network. NANOG expression, however, was specific to monoiPSCs and epiblasts. Furthermore, POU5F1 was highly expressed in trophectoderm cells, whereas all other pluripotency transcription factors were significantly downregulated, suggesting that the regulatory architecture of core pluripotency genes of marsupials may be distinct from that of eutherians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Erica M. De Leon
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Jose Granados
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Deanne J. Whitworth
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - John L. VandeBerg
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
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3
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Abstract
Analogies between placentation, in particular the behavior of trophoblast cells, and cancer have been noted since the beginning of the twentieth century. To what degree these can be explained as a consequence of the evolution of placentation has been unclear. In this review, we conclude that many similarities between trophoblast and cancer cells are shared with other, phylogenetically older processes than placentation. The best candidates for cancer hallmarks that can be explained by the evolution of eutherian placenta are mechanisms of immune evasion. Another dimension of the maternal accommodation of the placenta with an impact on cancer malignancy is the evolution of endometrial invasibility. Species with lower degrees of placental invasion tend to have lower vulnerability to cancer malignancy. We finally identify several areas in which one could expect to see coevolutionary changes in placental and cancer biology but that, to our knowledge, have not been explored. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Volume 10 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter P Wagner
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; , , .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Storrs, Connecticut, USA;
| | - Anasuya Dighe
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; , , .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA; , , .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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4
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Kiyonari H, Kaneko M, Abe T, Shiraishi A, Yoshimi R, Inoue KI, Furuta Y. Targeted gene disruption in a marsupial, Monodelphis domestica, by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Curr Biol 2021; 31:3956-3963.e4. [PMID: 34293331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Marsupials represent one of three extant mammalian subclasses with very unique characteristics not shared by other mammals. Most notably, much of the development of neonates immaturely born after a relatively short gestation takes place in the external environment. Among marsupials, the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica; hereafter "the opossum") is one of very few established laboratory models. Due to many biologically unique characteristics and experimentally advantageous features, the opossum is used as a prototype species for basic research on marsupial biology.1,2 However, in vivo studies of gene function in the opossum, and thus marsupials in general, lag far behind those of eutherian mammals due to the lack of reliable means to manipulate their genomes. In this study, we describe the successful generation of genome edited opossums by a combination of refined methodologies in reproductive biology and embryo manipulation. We took advantage of the opossum's resemblance to popular rodent models, such as the mouse and rat, in body size and breeding characteristics. First, we established a tractable pipeline of reproductive technologies, from induction of ovulation, timed copulation, and zygote collection to embryo transfer to pseudopregnant females, that warrant an essential platform to manipulate opossum zygotes. Further, we successfully demonstrated the generation of gene knockout opossums at the Tyr locus by microinjection of pronuclear stage zygotes using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, along with germline transmission of the edited alleles to the F1 generation. This study provides a critical foundation for venues to expand mammalian reverse genetics into the metatherian subclass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Mari Kaneko
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Aki Shiraishi
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Riko Yoshimi
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Furuta
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima Minami-machi, Chuou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Mouse Genetics Core Facility, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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5
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Ren C, Liu Q, Ma Y, Wang A, Yang Y, Wang D. TEAD4 transcriptional regulates SERPINB3/4 and affect crosstalk between keratinocytes and T cells in psoriasis. Immunobiology 2020; 225:152006. [PMID: 32962824 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.152006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease with the prevalence rate of approximately 1-3 %. Currently, it is generally believed that the pathogenesis of psoriasis is a T-cell immune-mediated skin disease mediated by multiple genes and factors, and the interaction between keratinocytes and T cells. TEA domain family member 4 (TEAD4) is a transcription factor which regulates the expression of downstream genes in Hippo pathway and affects several biological processes, such as regulating cell differentiation and embryonic development. However, few studies have reported the role of TEAD4 in psoriasis and its possible regulatory mechanism. In this study, we found the expression level of TEAD4 in the skin of psoriasis was significantly higher than that of normal skin. In patients with the pathological keratinocytes, TEAD4 can transcriptionally regulate the expression of SERPINB3/4 and affect the secretion of chemokines, and the depletion of SERPINB3/4 inhibited the secretion of chemokines. In addition, the supernatant of keratinocytes of patients can significantly increase the migration ability of T cells, and the supernatant of T cells cultured by the supernatant of keratinocytes of patients can significantly enhance the proliferation ability of keratinocytes. Therefore, our results suggested that TEAD4 is a key regulatory factor in progression of psoriasis, and the crosstalk between keratinocytes and T cells mediated by TEAD4 plays a critical role in the psoriasis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimin Ren
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yaohui Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Aixue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Dahu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China.
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Mahadevaiah SK, Sangrithi MN, Hirota T, Turner JMA. A single-cell transcriptome atlas of marsupial embryogenesis and X inactivation. Nature 2020; 586:612-617. [PMID: 32814901 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing of embryos can resolve the transcriptional landscape of development at unprecedented resolution. To date, single-cell RNA-sequencing studies of mammalian embryos have focused exclusively on eutherian species. Analysis of mammalian outgroups has the potential to identify deeply conserved lineage specification and pluripotency factors, and can extend our understanding of X dosage compensation. Metatherian (marsupial) mammals diverged from eutherians around 160 million years ago. They exhibit distinctive developmental features, including late implantation1 and imprinted X chromosome inactivation2, which is associated with expression of the XIST-like noncoding RNA RSX3. Here we perform a single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of embryogenesis and X chromosome inactivation in a marsupial, the grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica). We resolve the developmental trajectory and transcriptional signatures of the epiblast, primitive endoderm and trophectoderm, and identify deeply conserved lineage-specific markers that pre-date the eutherian-marsupial divergence. RSX coating and inactivation of the X chromosome occurs early and rapidly. This observation supports the hypothesis that-in organisms with early X chromosome inactivation-imprinted X chromosome inactivation prevents biallelic X silencing. We identify XSR, an RSX antisense transcript expressed from the active X chromosome, as a candidate for the regulator of imprinted X chromosome inactivation. Our datasets provide insights into the evolution of mammalian embryogenesis and X dosage compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahesh N Sangrithi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takayuki Hirota
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James M A Turner
- Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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7
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Pfeffer PL. Building Principles for Constructing a Mammalian Blastocyst Embryo. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7030041. [PMID: 30041494 PMCID: PMC6164496 DOI: 10.3390/biology7030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The self-organisation of a fertilised egg to form a blastocyst structure, which consists of three distinct cell lineages (trophoblast, epiblast and hypoblast) arranged around an off-centre cavity, is unique to mammals. While the starting point (the zygote) and endpoint (the blastocyst) are similar in all mammals, the intervening events have diverged. This review examines and compares the descriptive and functional data surrounding embryonic gene activation, symmetry-breaking, first and second lineage establishment, and fate commitment in a wide range of mammalian orders. The exquisite detail known from mouse embryogenesis, embryonic stem cell studies and the wealth of recent single cell transcriptomic experiments are used to highlight the building principles underlying early mammalian embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Pfeffer
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
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8
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Sorensen D, Sackett A, Urban DJ, Maier J, Vargesson N, Sears KE. A new mammalian model system for thalidomide teratogenesis: Monodelphis domestica. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 70:126-132. [PMID: 28130151 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
From 1957 to 1962, thalidomide caused birth defects in >10,000 children. While the drug was pulled from the market, thalidomide is currently prescribed to treat conditions including leprosy. As a result, a new generation of babies with thalidomide defects is being born in the developing world. This represents a serious problem, as the mechanisms by which thalidomide disrupts development remain unresolved. This lack of resolution is due, in part, to the absence of an appropriate mammalian model for thalidomide teratogenesis. We test the hypothesis that opossum (Monodelphis domestica) is well suited to model human thalidomide defects. Results suggest that opossum embryos exposed to thalidomide display a range of phenotypes (e.g., heart, craniofacial, limb defects) and penetrance similar to humans. Furthermore, all opossums with thalidomide defects exhibit vascular disruptions. Results therefore support the hypotheses that opossums make a good mammalian model for thalidomide teratogenesis, and that thalidomide can severely disrupt angiogenesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sorensen
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amanda Sackett
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel J Urban
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer Maier
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Neil Vargesson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition. Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Karen E Sears
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, 1206 W Gregory Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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9
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Roberts RM, Green JA, Schulz LC. The evolution of the placenta. Reproduction 2016; 152:R179-89. [PMID: 27486265 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The very apt definition of a placenta is coined by Mossman, namely apposition or fusion of the fetal membranes to the uterine mucosa for physiological exchange. As such, it is a specialized organ whose purpose is to provide continuing support to the developing young. By this definition, placentas have evolved within every vertebrate class other than birds. They have evolved on multiple occasions, often within quite narrow taxonomic groups. As the placenta and the maternal system associate more intimately, such that the conceptus relies extensively on maternal support, the relationship leads to increased conflict that drives adaptive changes on both sides. The story of vertebrate placentation, therefore, is one of convergent evolution at both the macromolecular and molecular levels. In this short review, we first describe the emergence of placental-like structures in nonmammalian vertebrates and then transition to mammals themselves. We close the review by discussing the mechanisms that might have favored diversity and hence evolution of the morphology and physiology of the placentas of eutherian mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Michael Roberts
- C.S. Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA Division of Animal SciencesUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jonathan A Green
- Division of Animal SciencesUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Laura C Schulz
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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10
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Familari M, Au PCK, de Iongh RU, Cruz Y, Selwood L. Expression analysis of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 in a marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart, during early development. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:108-23. [PMID: 26613191 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first lineage allocation during mouse development forms the trophectoderm and inner cell mass, in which Cdx2 and Pou5f1 display reciprocal expression. Yet Cdx2 is not required for trophectoderm specification in other mammals, such as the human, cow, pig, or in two marsupials, the tammar and opossum. The role of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 in the first lineage allocation of Sminthopsis macroura, the stripe-faced dunnart, is unknown. In this study, expression of Cdx2 and Pou5f1 during oogenesis, development from cleavage to blastocyst stages, and in the allocation of the first three lineages was analyzed for this dunnart. Cdx2 mRNA was present in late antral-stage oocytes, but not present again until Day 5.5. Pou5f1 mRNA was present from primary follicles to zygotes, and then expression resumed starting at the early unilaminar blastocyst stage. All cleavage stages and the pluriblast and trophoblast cells co-expressed CDX2 and POU5F1 proteins, which persisted until early stages of hypoblast formation. Hypoblast cells also show co-localisation of POU5F1 and CDX2 once they were allocated, and this persisted during their division and migration. Our studies suggest that CDX2, and possibly POU5F1, are maternal proteins, and that the first lineage to differentiate is the trophoblast, which differentiates to trophectoderm after shell loss one day before implantation. In the stripe-faced dunnart, cleavage cells, as well as trophoblast and pluriblast cells, are polarized, suggesting the continued presence of CDX2 in both lineages until late blastocyst stages may play a role in the formation and maintenance of polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Familari
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phil Chi Khang Au
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robb U de Iongh
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yolanda Cruz
- Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio
| | - Lynne Selwood
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Sheng G. Epiblast morphogenesis before gastrulation. Dev Biol 2015; 401:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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