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de Almeida Miranda D, Araripe J, de Morais Magalhães NG, de Siqueira LS, de Abreu CC, Pereira PDC, Henrique EP, da Silva Chira PAC, de Melo MAD, do Rêgo PS, Diniz DG, Sherry DF, Diniz CWP, Guerreiro-Diniz C. Shorebirds' Longer Migratory Distances Are Associated With Larger ADCYAP1 Microsatellites and Greater Morphological Complexity of Hippocampal Astrocytes. Front Psychol 2022; 12:784372. [PMID: 35185684 PMCID: PMC8855117 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.784372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For the epic journey of autumn migration, long-distance migratory birds use innate and learned information and follow strict schedules imposed by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, the details of which remain largely unknown. In addition, bird migration requires integrated action of different multisensory systems for learning and memory, and the hippocampus appears to be the integration center for this task. In previous studies we found that contrasting long-distance migratory flights differentially affected the morphological complexity of two types of hippocampus astrocytes. Recently, a significant association was found between the latitude of the reproductive site and the size of the ADCYAP1 allele in long distance migratory birds. We tested for correlations between astrocyte morphological complexity, migratory distances, and size of the ADCYAP1 allele in three long-distance migrant species of shorebird and one non-migrant. Significant differences among species were found in the number and morphological complexity of the astrocytes, as well as in the size of the microsatellites of the ADCYAP1 gene. We found significant associations between the size of the ADCYAP1 microsatellites, the migratory distances, and the degree of morphological complexity of the astrocytes. We suggest that associations between astrocyte number and morphological complexity, ADCYAP1 microsatellite size, and migratory behavior may be part of the adaptive response to the migratory process of shorebirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de Almeida Miranda
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética e Conservação, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Juliana Araripe
- Laboratório de Genética e Conservação, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Nara G de Morais Magalhães
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva de Siqueira
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Cintya Castro de Abreu
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Patrick Douglas Corrêa Pereira
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Ediely Pereira Henrique
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Pedro Arthur Campos da Silva Chira
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Mauro A D de Melo
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Péricles Sena do Rêgo
- Laboratório de Genética e Conservação, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil
| | - Daniel Guerreiro Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Belém, Brazil
| | - David Francis Sherry
- Department of Psychology, Advanced Facility for Avian Research, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cristovam W P Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Guerreiro-Diniz
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Campus Bragança, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Bragança, Brazil
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The Aromatase-Estrogen System in the Testes of Non-Mammalian Vertebrates. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061763. [PMID: 34204693 PMCID: PMC8231642 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are important physiological regulators of testicular activity in vertebrates. Estrogen levels depend on the activity of P450 aromatase, the enzyme responsible for the irreversible conversion of testosterone into 17β-estradiol. Therefore, P450 aromatase is the key player in the aromatase-estrogen system. The present review offers a comparative overview of P450 aromatase activity in male gonads of amphibians, reptiles, and birds, with a particular emphasis on the functions of the aromatase-estrogen system in these organisms during their developmental and adult stages. The aromatase-estrogen system appears to be crucial for the sex differentiation of gonads in vertebrates. Administration of aromatase inhibitors prior to sexual differentiation of gonads results in the development of males rather than females. In adults, both aromatase and estrogen receptors are expressed in somatic cells, Leydig and Sertoli cells, as well as germ cells, with certain differences among different species. In seasonal breeding species, the aromatase-estrogen system serves as an "on/off" switch for spermatogenesis. In some amphibian and reptilian species, increased estrogen levels in post-reproductive testes are responsible for blocking spermatogenesis, whereas, in some species of birds, estrogens function synergistically with testosterone to promote spermatogenesis. Recent evidence indicates that the production of the aromatase enzyme in excessive amounts reduces the reproductive performance in avian species of commercial interest. The use of aromatase inhibitors to improve fertility has yielded suitable positive results. Therefore, it appears that the role of the aromatase-estrogen system in regulating the testicular activity differs not only among the different classes of vertebrates but also among different species within the same class.
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Falvo S, Rosati L, Di Fiore MM, Di Giacomo Russo F, Chieffi Baccari G, Santillo A. Proliferative and Apoptotic Pathways in the Testis of Quail Coturnix coturnix during the Seasonal Reproductive Cycle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061729. [PMID: 34207904 PMCID: PMC8226535 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The quail Coturnix coturnix exhibits an annual cycle of testis size, sexual steroid production, and spermatogenesis. The testicular levels of both 17β-estradiol (E2) and androgens are higher during the reproductive period compared to the non-reproductive period, suggesting that estrogens act in synergy with the androgens for the initiation of spermatogenesis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the estrogen responsive system in quail testis in relation to the reproduction seasons, with a focus on the molecular pathways activated in both active and regressive quail testes. The results indicated that estrogens participated in the activation of mitotic and meiotic events during the reproductive period by activating the ERK1/2 and Akt-1 pathways. In the non-reproductive period, when the E2/ERα levels are low, ERK1/2 and Akt-1 pathways remain inactive and apoptotic events occur. Our results suggest that the activation or inhibition of these molecular pathways plays a crucial role in the physiological switch “on/off” of the testicular activity in male quail during the seasonal reproductive cycle. Abstract The quail Coturnix coturnix is a seasonal breeding species, with the annual reproductive cycle of its testes comprising an activation phase and a regression phase. Our previous results have proven that the testicular levels of both 17β-estradiol (E2) and androgens are higher during the reproductive period compared to the non-reproductive period, which led us to hypothesize that estrogens and androgens may act synergistically to initiate spermatogenesis. The present study was, therefore, aimed to investigate the estrogen responsive system in quail testis in relation to the reproduction seasonality, with a focus on the molecular pathways elicited in both active and regressive quail testes. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the expression of ERα, which is the predominant form of estrogen receptors in quail testis, was correlated with E2 concentration, suggesting that increased levels of E2-induced ERα could play a key role in the resumption of spermatogenesis during the reproductive period, when both PCNA and SYCP3, the mitotic and meiotic markers, respectively, were also increased. In the reproductive period we also found the activation of the ERK1/2 and Akt-1 kinase pathways and an increase in second messengers cAMP and cGMP levels. In the non-reproductive phase, when the E2/ERα levels were low, the inactivation of ERK1/2 and Akt-1 pathways favored apoptotic events due to an increase in the levels of Bax and cytochrome C, with a consequent regression of the gonad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Falvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.F.); (M.M.D.F.); (F.D.G.R.); (G.C.B.)
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Maria Maddalena Di Fiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.F.); (M.M.D.F.); (F.D.G.R.); (G.C.B.)
| | - Federica Di Giacomo Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.F.); (M.M.D.F.); (F.D.G.R.); (G.C.B.)
| | - Gabriella Chieffi Baccari
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.F.); (M.M.D.F.); (F.D.G.R.); (G.C.B.)
| | - Alessandra Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (S.F.); (M.M.D.F.); (F.D.G.R.); (G.C.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Jung Y, Bang H, Kim YH, Park NE, Park YH, Park C, Lee SR, Lee JW, Song BS, Kim JS, Sim BW, Seol DW, Wee G, Kim S, Kim SU, Kim E. V-Set and Immunoglobulin Domain-Containing 1 (VSIG1), Predominantly Expressed in Testicular Germ Cells, Is Dispensable for Spermatogenesis and Male Fertility in Mice. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041037. [PMID: 33916888 PMCID: PMC8067554 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the functional role of V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 1 (VSIG1) in spermatogenesis and fertilization, we knocked out (KO) VSIG1 in a mouse embryo using CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9) -mediated genome editing. Reverse transcription PCR was performed using cDNA synthesized from VSIG1 KO testis RNA. Although Western blot analysis using a specific antibody to VSIG1 confirmed VSIG1 protein defects in the KO mice, hematoxylin-eosin staining analysis was similar in the KO and wild-type mice. Additionally, computer-assisted sperm analysis and in vitro fertilization experiments were conducted to confirm the activity and fertilization ability of sperm derived from the KO mouse. Mice lacking VSIG1 were viable and had no serious developmental defects. As they got older, the KO mice showed slightly higher weight loss, male mice lacking VSIG1 had functional testes, including normal sperm number and motility, and both male and female mice lacking VSIG1 were fertile. Our results from VSIG1 KO mice suggest that VSIG1 may not play essential roles in spermatogenesis and normal testis development, function, and maintenance. VSIG1 in sperm is dispensable for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice. As several genes are known to possess slightly different functions depending on the species, the importance and molecular mechanism of VSIG1 in tissues of other species needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yena Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea; (Y.J.); (H.B.); (N.-E.P.); (C.P.)
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Hyewon Bang
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea; (Y.J.); (H.B.); (N.-E.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea;
| | - Na-Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea; (Y.J.); (H.B.); (N.-E.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Chaeli Park
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea; (Y.J.); (H.B.); (N.-E.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Deajeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Dong-Won Seol
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (D.-W.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Gabbine Wee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (D.-W.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Sunhyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea;
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 28116, Korea; (Y.-H.P.); (B.-S.S.); (J.-S.K.); (B.-W.S.); (S.-U.K.)
| | - Ekyune Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea; (Y.J.); (H.B.); (N.-E.P.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-850-3619; Fax: +82-53-850-3602
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Di Lorenzo M, Mileo A, Laforgia V, De Falco M, Rosati L. Alkyphenol Exposure Alters Steroidogenesis in Male Lizard Podarcis siculus. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1003. [PMID: 33918463 PMCID: PMC8065914 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonylphenol (NP) and Octylphenol (OP) are persistent and non-biodegradable environmental contaminants classified as endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs). These compounds are widely used in several industrial applications and present estrogen-like properties, which have extensively been studied in aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to verify the interference of these compounds alone, and in mixture, on the reproductive cycle of the male terrestrial vertebrate Podarcis siculus, focusing mainly on the steroidogenesis process. METHODS Male lizards have been treated with different injections of both NP and OP alone and in mixture, and evaluation has been carried out using a histological approach. RESULTS Results obtained showed that both substances are able to alter both testis histology and localization of key steroidogenic enzymes, such as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and P450 aromatase. Moreover, OP exerts a preponderant effect, and the P450 aromatase represents the major target of both chemicals. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, NP and OP inhibit steroidogenesis, which in turn may reduce the reproductive capacity of the specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.L.); (A.M.); (V.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Aldo Mileo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.L.); (A.M.); (V.L.); (L.R.)
| | - Vincenza Laforgia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.L.); (A.M.); (V.L.); (L.R.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.L.); (A.M.); (V.L.); (L.R.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.D.L.); (A.M.); (V.L.); (L.R.)
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), 80055 Portici, Italy
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Rosati L, Agnese M, Di Lorenzo M, Barra T, Valiante S, Prisco M. Spermatogenesis and regulatory factors in the wall lizard Podarcis sicula. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 298:113579. [PMID: 32777222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is an extraordinarily complex process, regulated by several factors, which leads to the differentiation of spermatogonia into spermatozoa. Among vertebrates, several reports have been focused on the lizard Podarcis sicula, a seasonal breeder and a good model for the study of reproductive processes. The goal of this review is to resume all the available data about systemic and above all local control factors involved in the control of P. sicula testicular activity. During the seasonal reproductive cycle, the variation of the expression levels of these factors determines significant variations that induce the activation or blocking of spermatogenesis. The data supplied in this review, in addition to analyze the current literature regarding the main actors of Podarcis sicula spermatogenesis, will hopefully provide a basic model that can be used for further studies on the intratesticular interaction between molecular factors that control spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marisa Agnese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Barra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Valiante
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Prisco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Rosati L, Prisco M, Di Lorenzo M, De Falco M, Andreuccetti P. Immunolocalization of aromatase P450 in the epididymis of Podarcis sicula and Rattus rattus. Eur J Histochem 2020; 64:3080. [PMID: 31988532 PMCID: PMC7029622 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate P450 aromatase localization in the epididymis of two different vertebrates: the lizard Podarcis sicula, a seasonal breeder, and Rattus rattus, a continuous breeder. P450 aromatase is a key enzyme involved in the local control of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis and we proved for the first time that this enzyme is represented in the epididymis of both P. sicula and R. rattus. In details, P450 aromatase was well represented in epithelial and myoid cells and in the connective tissue of P. sicula epididymis during the reproductive period; instead, during autumnal resumption this enzyme was absent in the connective tissue. During the non-reproductive period, P450 aromatase was localized only in myoid cells of P. sicula epididymis, whereas in R. rattus it was localized both in myoid cells and connective tissue. Our findings, the first on the epididymis aromatase localization in the vertebrates, suggest a possible role of P450 aromatase in the control of male genital tract function, particularly in sperm maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II.
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Prisco M, Rosati L, Morgillo E, Mollica MP, Agnese M, Andreuccetti P, Valiante S. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and its receptors in Mus musculus testis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 286:113297. [PMID: 31604076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To enlighten the involvement of PACAP/receptors system in the control of mammal testis, we investigated the expression of PACAP and the localization of PACAP and its receptors PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2 in the testis of Mus musculus. By molecular and immunohistochemical investigations, we highlighted that PACAP and its receptors are widely represented in germ cells of Mus testis, particularly in spermatocytes I, spermatids, and spermatozoa, strongly suggesting their involvement in spermatogenesis process. Moreover, for the first time in the adult mouse testis we highlighted that PACAP is present within Leydig cells, as PACAP receptors, confirming its involvement in the control of steroidogenesis in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Prisco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eliana Morgillo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Agnese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Rosati L, Di Fiore MM, Prisco M, Di Giacomo Russo F, Venditti M, Andreuccetti P, Chieffi Baccari G, Santillo A. Seasonal expression and cellular distribution of star and steroidogenic enzymes in quail testis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2019; 332:198-209. [PMID: 31433565 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The quail Coturnix coturnix is a seasonal breeder with a physiological switch on/off of gonadic activity. Photoperiod and temperature are the major environmental factors regulating the spermatogenesis. To more thoroughly comprehend the steroidogenic pathways that govern the seasonal reproductive cycle, we have investigated the localization of StAR protein and steroidogenic enzymes (3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α-Red) as well as androgen and estrogen levels, in the testis of reproductive and nonreproductive quails. We demonstrated that StAR, 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α-Red were always present in the somatic (Leydig and Sertoli cells) and germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocytes I and II, spermatids, and spermatozoa). In addition, by western blot analysis, we demonstrated that 17β-HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α-Red showed the highest expression levels during the reproductive testis compared with nonreproductive one. Accordingly, we also found that during the reproductive phase the highest titres of testosterone, 17β-estradiol, and 5α-dihydrotestosterone are recorded. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that in C. coturnix: (a) both somatic and germ cells are involved in the local synthesis of sex hormones; (b) 17β-HSD, P450 aromatase, and 5α-Red expressions, as well as testicular androgens and estrogens, increased in reproductive quail testis. This study strongly indicates that the steroidogenic process in quail testis exhibits seasonal changes with the promotion of both androgenic and estrogenic pathways in the reproductive period, suggesting their synergic mechanism in the spermatogenesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Di Fiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Marina Prisco
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Di Giacomo Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Piero Andreuccetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Chieffi Baccari
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessandra Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
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Akmal M, Gholib G, Rinidar R, Fitriani F, Helmi TZ, Sugito S, Isa M, Nurliana N, Wahyuni S, Dasrul D, Yaman MA. The concentration of testosterone, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, and protamine 1 in the serum of male chicken following administration of epididymis and testicular extracts and their combination. Vet World 2019; 12:1101-1107. [PMID: 31528039 PMCID: PMC6702581 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1101-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bakcground and Aim Testis and epididymis are male reproductive organs that play an important role in spermatogenesis. These two organs are rich in the content of hormones and other molecules needed in the process of spermatogenesis which affect the quality of the spermatozoa. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the administration of epididymis and testicular extracts and their combination on testosterone, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), and protamine 1 (PRM1) concentrations in the serum of male chicken. Materials and Methods Twenty male chickens (broiler strain Cp707), aged 3 weeks and weighing 800-1000 g, were randomly divided into four different groups including a control group (T0) = injected with 1 ml normal saline and treatment groups: T1 = injected with 1 ml epididymis extract, T2 = injected with 1 ml testicular extract, and T3 = injected with a combination of 1 ml epididymis + 1 ml testicular extract. The experiment was conducted for 13 days and at the end of the study (day 14), the chickens were sacrificed to obtain the serum. Furthermore, the concentrations of testosterone, PACAP, and PRM1 were then measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results The concentrations of PACAP and PRM1 did not show a significant difference between treatment groups (T1, T2, and T3) and control group (T0) (p>0.05). However, the concentration of testosterone showed a significantly higher difference in a group injected with a combination of 1 ml epididymis and 1 ml testicular extracts (T3) compared to the control group (T0) (p<0.05). Conclusion The administration of epididymis and testicular extracts and their combination did not affect the increase of PACAP and PRM1 concentration. However, a combination of these extracts significantly affects the increase of testosterone concentration in the serum of male chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muslim Akmal
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Gholib Gholib
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rinidar Rinidar
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Fitriani Fitriani
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - T Zahrial Helmi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Sugito Sugito
- Laboratory of Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - M Isa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Nurliana Nurliana
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Sri Wahyuni
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Dasrul Dasrul
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
| | - M Aman Yaman
- Field Laboratory of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
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Agnese M, Rosati L, Prisco M, Borzacchiello L, Abagnale L, Andreuccetti P. The expression of estrogen receptors during the Mytilus galloprovincialis ovarian cycle. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2019; 331:367-373. [PMID: 31145556 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to assess, by real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization, the expression of estrogen receptors ER1 and ER2 during the ovarian cycle of Mytilus galloprovincialis. By considering four phases of the reproductive cycle, that is stasis and previtellogenic stage (Stage 0), early vitellogenesis (Stage I), vitellogenesis (Stage II), full-grown oocyte (Stage III), our investigation demonstrates that the two receptors are differently expressed during the phases investigated of the ovarian cycle: ER1 reaches the highest level at Stage III, whereas ER2 reaches the highest level at Stage II, with ER2 always present at higher levels than ER1. The stage-dependent receptor expression was recorded within oocytes, follicle cells, and adipogranular cells. No ER1 and ER2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were found within vesicular cells. It is to be noted that the ER1 and ER2 expression within the growing oocytes, the follicular, and adipogranular cells overlaps with that of the mRNA for vitellogenin in the same cells, strongly suggesting that in Mytilus, as in vertebrates studied so far, the vitellogenin expression is under the control of estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Agnese
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Prisco
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, Naples, Italy
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