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Ciralli B, Malfatti T, Hilscher MM, Leao RN, Cederroth CR, Leao KE, Kullander K. Unraveling the role of Slc10a4 in auditory processing and sensory motor gating: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders? Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110930. [PMID: 38160852 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, are complex and challenging to study, partly due to the lack of suitable animal models. However, the absence of the Slc10a4 gene, which codes for a monoaminergic and cholinergic associated vesicular transporter protein, in knockout mice (Slc10a4-/-), leads to the accumulation of extracellular dopamine. A major challenge for studying schizophrenia is the lack of suitable animal models that accurately represent the disorder. We sought to overcome this challenge by using Slc10a4-/- mice as a potential model, considering their altered dopamine levels. This makes them a potential animal model for schizophrenia, a disorder known to be associated with altered dopamine signaling in the brain. METHODS The locomotion, auditory sensory filtering and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of Slc10a4-/- mice were quantified and compared to wildtype (WT) littermates. Intrahippocampal electrodes were used to record auditory event-related potentials (aERPs) for quantifying sensory filtering in response to paired-clicks. The channel above aERPs phase reversal was chosen for reliably comparing results between animals, and aERPs amplitude and latency of click responses were quantified. WT and Slc10a4-/- mice were also administered subanesthetic doses of ketamine to provoke psychomimetic behavior. RESULTS Baseline locomotion during auditory stimulation was similar between Slc10a4-/- mice and WT littermates. In WT animals, normal auditory processing was observed after i.p saline injections, and it was maintained under the influence of 5 mg/kg ketamine, but disrupted by 20 mg/kg ketamine. On the other hand, Slc10a4-/- mice did not show significant differences between N40 S1 and S2 amplitude responses in saline or low dose ketamine treatment. Auditory gating was considered preserved since the second N40 peak was consistently suppressed, but with increased latency. The P80 component showed higher amplitude, with shorter S2 latency under saline and 5 mg/kg ketamine treatment in Slc10a4-/- mice, which was not observed in WT littermates. Prepulse inhibition was also decreased in Slc10a4-/- mice when the longer interstimulus interval of 100 ms was applied, compared to WT littermates. CONCLUSION The Slc10a4-/- mice responses indicate that cholinergic and monoaminergic systems participate in the PPI magnitude, in the temporal coding (response latency) of the auditory sensory gating component N40, and in the amplitude of aERPs P80 component. These results suggest that Slc10a4-/- mice can be considered as potential models for neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ciralli
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Programme in Genomics and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thawann Malfatti
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Programme in Genomics and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus M Hilscher
- Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richardson N Leao
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Programme in Genomics and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christopher R Cederroth
- Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina E Leao
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Programme in Genomics and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klas Kullander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Programme in Genomics and Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Ugras S, Daniels MJ, Fazelinia H, Gould NS, Yocum AK, Luk KC, Luna E, Ding H, McKennan C, Seeholzer S, Martinez D, Evans P, Brown D, Duda JE, Ischiropoulos H. Induction of the Immunoproteasome Subunit Lmp7 Links Proteostasis and Immunity in α-Synuclein Aggregation Disorders. EBioMedicine 2018; 31:307-319. [PMID: 29759483 PMCID: PMC6014061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein into Lewy bodies is thought to contribute to the onset and progression of dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders. Although protein aggregation is associated with perturbation of proteostasis, how α-synuclein aggregation affects the brain proteome and signaling remains uncertain. In a mouse model of α-synuclein aggregation, 6% of 6215 proteins and 1.6% of 8183 phosphopeptides changed in abundance, indicating conservation of proteostasis and phosphorylation signaling. The proteomic analysis confirmed changes in abundance of proteins that regulate dopamine synthesis and transport, synaptic activity and integrity, and unearthed changes in mRNA binding, processing and protein translation. Phosphorylation signaling changes centered on axonal and synaptic cytoskeletal organization and structural integrity. Proteostatic responses included a significant increase in the levels of Lmp7, a component of the immunoproteasome. Increased Lmp7 levels and activity were also quantified in postmortem human brains with PD and dementia with Lewy bodies. Functionally, the immunoproteasome degrades α-synuclein aggregates and generates potentially antigenic peptides. Expression and activity of the immunoproteasome may represent testable targets to induce adaptive responses that maintain proteome integrity and modulate immune responses in protein aggregation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ugras
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Malcolm J Daniels
- Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hossein Fazelinia
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Neal S Gould
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Kelvin C Luk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Esteban Luna
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hua Ding
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chris McKennan
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, 60637, USA
| | - Steven Seeholzer
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dan Martinez
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Perry Evans
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Brown
- Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center, Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John E Duda
- Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center, Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, USA; Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Benlloch JM, González AJ, Pani R, Preziosi E, Jackson C, Murphy J, Barberá J, Correcher C, Aussenhofer S, Gareis D, Visvikis D, Bert J, Langstrom B, Farde L, Toth M, Haggkvist J, Caixeta FV, Kullander K, Somlai-Schweiger I, Schwaiger M. The MINDVIEW project: First results. Eur Psychiatry 2018; 50:21-27. [PMID: 29398564 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first results of the MINDVIEW project. An innovative imaging system for the human brain examination, allowing simultaneous acquisition of PET/MRI images, has been designed and constructed. It consists of a high sensitivity and high resolution PET scanner integrated in a novel, head-dedicated, radio frequency coil for a 3T MRI scanner. Preliminary measurements from the PET scanner show sensitivity 3 times higher than state-of-the-art PET systems that will allow safe repeated studies on the same patient. The achieved spatial resolution, close to 1 mm, will enable differentiation of relevant brain structures for schizophrenia. A cost-effective and simple method of radiopharmaceutical production from 11C-carbon monoxide and a mini-clean room has been demonstrated. It has been shown that 11C-raclopride has higher binding potential in a new VAAT null mutant mouse model of schizophrenia compared to wild type control animals. A significant reduction in TSPO binding has been found in gray matter in a small sample of drug-naïve, first episode psychosis patients, suggesting a reduced number or an altered function of immune cells in brain at early stage schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Benlloch
- Institute for Instrumentation in Molecular Imaging (I3 M), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio J González
- Institute for Instrumentation in Molecular Imaging (I3 M), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Roberto Pani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Preziosi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dimitris Visvikis
- INSERM, UMR1101, LaTIM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Julien Bert
- INSERM, UMR1101, LaTIM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | | | - Lars Farde
- Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Precision Medicine & Genomics, AstraZeneca, PET Science Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miklos Toth
- Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Haggkvist
- Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio V Caixeta
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klas Kullander
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Markus Schwaiger
- Technische Universität München, Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Munich, Germany
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Pettersson H, Zarnegar B, Westin A, Persson V, Peuckert C, Jonsson J, Hallgren J, Kullander K. SLC10A4 regulates IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation in vitro and mast cell-mediated reactions in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1085. [PMID: 28439090 PMCID: PMC5430724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells act as sensors in innate immunity and as effector cells in adaptive immune reactions. Here we demonstrate that SLC10A4, also referred to as the vesicular aminergic-associated transporter, VAAT, modifies mast cell degranulation. Strikingly, Slc10a4 -/- bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) had a significant reduction in the release of granule-associated mediators in response to IgE/antigen-mediated activation, whereas the in vitro development of mast cells, the storage of the granule-associated enzyme mouse mast cell protease 6 (mMCP-6), and the release of prostaglandin D2 and IL-6 were normal. Slc10a4-deficient mice had a strongly reduced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and a less intense itching behaviour in response to the mast cell degranulator 48/80. Live imaging of the IgE/antigen-mediated activation showed decreased degranulation and that ATP was retained to a higher degree in mast cell granules lacking SLC10A4. Furthermore, ATP was reduced by two thirds in Slc10a4 -/- BMMCs supernatants in response to IgE/antigen. We speculate that SLC10A4 affects the amount of granule-associated ATP upon IgE/antigen-induced mast cell activation, which affect the release of granule-associated mast cell mediators. In summary, SLC10A4 acts as a regulator of degranulation in vitro and of mast cell-related reactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pettersson
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyv, 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Behdad Zarnegar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annika Westin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Viktor Persson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christiane Peuckert
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Jonsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallgren
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Klas Kullander
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Schmidt S, Moncada M, Burger S, Geyer J. Expression, sorting and transport studies for the orphan carrier SLC10A4 in neuronal and non-neuronal cell lines and in Xenopus laevis oocytes. BMC Neurosci 2015; 16:35. [PMID: 26084360 PMCID: PMC4472396 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-015-0174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SLC10A4 belongs to the solute carrier family SLC10 whose founding members are the Na+/taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP, SLC10A1) and the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT, SLC10A2). These carriers maintain the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids between the liver and the gut. SLC10A4 was identified as a novel member of the SLC10 carrier family with the highest phylogenetic relationship to NTCP. The SLC10A4 protein was detected in synaptic vesicles of cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system, suggesting a transport function for any kind of neurotransmitter. Therefore, in the present study, we performed systematic transport screenings for SLC10A4 and also aimed to identify the vesicular sorting domain of the SLC10A4 protein. Results We detected a vesicle-like expression pattern of the SLC10A4 protein in the neuronal cell lines SH-SY5Y and CAD. Differentiation of these cells to the neuronal phenotype altered neither SLC10A4 gene expression nor its vesicular expression pattern. Functional transport studies with different neurotransmitters, bile acids and steroid sulfates were performed in SLC10A4-transfected HEK293 cells, SLC10A4-transfected CAD cells and in Xenopus laevis oocytes. For these studies, transport by the dopamine transporter DAT, the serotonin transporter SERT, the choline transporter CHT1, the vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT2, the organic cation transporter Oct1, and NTCP were used as positive control. SLC10A4 failed to show transport activity for dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, histamine, acetylcholine, choline, acetate, aspartate, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, pregnenolone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, estrone-3-sulfate, and adenosine triphosphate, at least in the transport assays used. When the C-terminus of SLC10A4 was replaced by the homologous sequence of NTCP, the SLC10A4-NTCP chimeric protein revealed clear plasma membrane expression in CAD and HEK293 cells. But this chimera also did not show any transport activity, even when the N-terminal domain of SLC10A4 was deleted by mutagenesis. Conclusions Although different kinds of assays were used to screen for transport function, SLC10A4 failed to show transport activity for a series of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, indicating that SLC10A4 does not seem to represent a typical neurotransmitter transporter such as DAT, SERT, CHT1 or VMAT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Marcela Moncada
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Simone Burger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Joachim Geyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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