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Hong Y, Zhou J, Yu W, Iloputaife I, Bao D, Zhou Y, Manor B, Lipsitz LA, Jor'dan AJ. The Physiologic Complexity of Prefrontal Oxygenation Dynamics Is Associated With Age and Executive Function: An Exploratory Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae151. [PMID: 38853485 PMCID: PMC11372708 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hemodynamics of prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation are regulated by numerous processes operating over multiple temporal scales, producing complex patterns in its output fluctuations. Age may alter this multiscale regulation of PFC oxygenation, leading to diminished physiologic complexity of this important regulatory process. We aimed to characterize the effects of age on such complexity and its relationship to performance of an executive n-back task. METHODS Twenty-four younger (aged 28 ± 3 years) and 27 older (aged 78 ± 6 years) adults completed this study. Continuous oxygenation (HbO2) and deoxygenation (HHb) signals of PFC were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) while participants stood and watched a blank screen (blank), clicked a mouse when an X appeared (IdX), or when a letter was repeated from "2-back" in a sequence shown on a screen (2-back). We used multiscale entropy to quantify the HbO2 and HHb complexity of fNIRS signals. RESULTS Older adults exhibited lower HbO2 and HHb complexity compared to younger adults, regardless of task (p = .0005-.002). Both groups exhibited greater complexity during the IdX and 2-back than blank task (p = .02-.04). Across all participants, those with greater HbO2 and/or HHb complexity during the blank task exhibited faster IdX and 2-back reaction time (β = -0.56 to -0.6, p = .009-.02). Those demonstrating greater increase in HbO2 and/or HHb complexity from IdX to 2-back task had lower percent increase in reaction time from IdX to 2-back task (β = -0.41 to -0.37, p = .005-.01). CONCLUSIONS The complexity of fNIRS-measured PFC oxygenation fluctuations may capture the influence of aging on the regulation of prefrontal hemodynamics involved in executive-function-based task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Hong
- School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hebrew Senior Life Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wanting Yu
- Hebrew Senior Life Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ikechukwu Iloputaife
- Hebrew Senior Life Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dapeng Bao
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Zhou
- School of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Brad Manor
- Hebrew Senior Life Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lewis A Lipsitz
- Hebrew Senior Life Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Azizah J Jor'dan
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhong X, Dai Y, Xu M, Jiang C. Volleyball training improves working memory in children aged 7 to 12 years old: an fNIRS study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae275. [PMID: 39030744 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-wk extracurricular volleyball training on working memory from both behavioral and cerebral aspects. A total of 80 children were randomized assigned to (i) the experimental group, who engaged in extracurricular volleyball training for 60 min, thrice a week for 12 wk, and (ii) the control group, who maintained their regular daily routine. Working memory was evaluated in both groups using the N-back task before and after the intervention. Furthermore, functional near-infrared spectroscopy was employed to monitor the level of oxygenated hemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex. The experimental group performed better in the behavioral task than the control group, as evidenced by a shorter response time and a higher correct rate. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy results suggested that the activation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. In addition, correlation analyses showed that the enhancement of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation was significantly correlated with decreasing response time and improving response accuracy in the N-back task. These findings suggest that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is likely the neural substrate for improved working memory performance elicited by 12-wk open skill exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Zhong
- School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, No. 18, Wulongjiang Middle Avenue, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350108 Fujian, China
| | - Yuanfu Dai
- School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchao Xu
- School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Changhao Jiang
- The Center of Neuroscience and Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
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Yu Y, Zhang X, Nitsche MA, Vicario CM, Qi F. Does a single session of transcranial direct current stimulation enhance both physical and psychological performance in national- or international-level athletes? A systematic review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1365530. [PMID: 38962069 PMCID: PMC11220198 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1365530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Some studies showed that a single session of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has the potential of modulating motor performance in healthy and athletes. To our knowledge, previously published systematic reviews have neither comprehensively investigated the effects of tDCS on athletic performance in both physical and psychological parameters nor investigated the effects of tDCS on high-level athletes. We examined all available research testing a single session of tDCS on strength, endurance, sport-specific performance, emotional states and cognitive performance for better application in competition and pre-competition trainings of national- or international-level athletes. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Embase, and Scopus up until to June 2023. Studies were eligible when participants had sports experience at a minimum of state and national level competitions, underwent a single session of tDCS without additional interventions, and received either sham tDCS or no interventions in the control groups. A total of 20 experimental studies (224 participants) were included from 18 articles. The results showed that a single tDCS session improved both physical and psychological parameters in 12 out of the 18 studies. Of these, six refer to the application of tDCS on the motor system (motor cortex, premotor cortex, cerebellum), five on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and two on temporal cortex. The most sensitive to tDCS are strength, endurance, and emotional states, improved in 67%, 75%, and 75% of studies, respectively. Less than half of the studies showed improvement in sport-specific tasks (40%) and cognitive performance (33%). We suggest that tDCS is an effective tool that can be applied to competition and pre-competition training to improve athletic performance in national- or international-level athletes. Further research would explore various parameters (type of sports, brain regions, stimulation protocol, athlete level, and test tasks) and neural mechanistic studies in improving efficacy of tDCS interventions. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022326989, identifier CRD42022326989.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sport Training of General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Sports, Exercise and Brain Sciences Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sport Training of General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Sports, Exercise and Brain Sciences Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Carmelo M. Vicario
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fengxue Qi
- Key Laboratory of Sport Training of General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- Sports, Exercise and Brain Sciences Laboratory, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Zhang JN, Xiang LS, Shi Y, Xie F, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Normal pace walking is beneficial to young participants’ executive abilities. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:195. [DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Exercise can improve cognitive function. The impact of acute exercise on cognition is related to exercise intensity. This study aimed to explore whether normal walking had a beneficial effect on cognition.
Methods
Compared with standing still, thirty healthy young men walked on a treadmill at a normal pace, and completed the Stroop test. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the hemodynamic changes of the prefrontal cortex during the entire experiment.
Results
Studies showed that normal walking did not stimulate higher average cerebral oxygen in the PFC, but the peak cerebral oxygen in cognitive tests during walking was higher (Stroop Word: 2.56 ± 0.43 and 3.80 ± 0.50, P < 0.01, Stroop Color: 2.50 ± 0.37 and 3.66 ± 0.59, P < 0.05, Stroop Color-Word: 4.13 ± 0.55 and 5.25 ± 0.66, P < 0.01, respectively), and better results were achieved in the Stroop Color-Word test, which was reflected in faster reaction times (49.18 ± 1.68 s, 56.92 ± 2.29 s, respectively, P < 0.001) and higher accuracies (46.19 ± 0.69, 44.15 ± 0.91, respectively, P = 0.018).
Conclusion
For healthy young people, even a normal walk is therefore good for cognition.
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De Sanctis P, Solis-Escalante T, Seeber M, Wagner J, Ferris DP, Gramann K. Time to move: Brain dynamics underlying natural action and cognition. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:8075-8080. [PMID: 34904290 PMCID: PMC10454984 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advances in Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) technology allows for real-time measurements of human brain dynamics during every day, natural, real-life situations. This special issue Time to Move brings together a collection of experimental papers, targeted reviews and opinion articles that lay out the latest MoBI findings. A wide range of topics across different fields are covered including art, athletics, virtual reality, and mobility. What unites these diverse topics is the common goal to enhance and restore human abilities by reaching a better understanding on how cognition is implemented by the brain-body relationship. The breadth and novelty of paradigms and findings reported here positions MoBI as a new frontier in the field of human cognitive neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfilippo De Sanctis
- The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive & Motor Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Teodoro Solis-Escalante
- Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martin Seeber
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Wagner
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel P Ferris
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Klaus Gramann
- Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Psychology and Ergonomics, Berlin Institute of Technology, Berlin, Germany
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