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Imlay TL, Breau C, Dauphin GJR, Chaput G, April J, Douglas S, Hogan JD, McWilliam S, Notte D, Robertson MJ, Taylor A, Underhill K, Weir LK. Body length changes for Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) over five decades exhibit weak spatial synchrony over a broad latitudinal gradient. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11538. [PMID: 38859887 PMCID: PMC11163019 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that drive spatial synchrony among populations or species is important for management and recovery of populations. The range-wide declines in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations may be the result of broad-scale changes in the marine environment. Salmon undergo rapid growth in the ocean; therefore changing marine conditions may affect body size and fecundity estimates used to evaluate whether stock reference points are met. Using a dataset that spanned five decades, 172,268 individuals, and 19 rivers throughout Eastern Canada, we investigated the occurrence of spatial synchrony in changes in the body size of returning wild adult Atlantic salmon. Body size was then related to conditions in the marine environment (i.e., climate indices, thermal habitat availability, food availability, density-dependence, and fisheries exploitation rates) that may act on all populations during the ocean feeding phase of their life cycle. Body size increased during the 1980s and 1990s for salmon that returned to rivers after one (1SW) or two winters at sea (2SW); however, significant changes were only observed for 1SW and/or 2SW in some mid-latitude and northern rivers (10/13 rivers with 10 of more years of data during these decades) and not in southern rivers (0/2), suggesting weak spatial synchrony across Eastern Canada. For 1SW salmon in nine rivers, body size was longer when fisheries exploitation rates were lower. For 2SW salmon, body size was longer when suitable thermal habitat was more abundant (significant for 3/8 rivers) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation was higher (i.e., warmer sea surface temperatures; significant for 4/8 rivers). Overall, the weak spatial synchrony and variable effects of covariates on body size across rivers suggest that changes in Atlantic salmon body size may not be solely driven by shared conditions in the marine environment. Regardless, body size changes may have consequences for population management and recovery through the relationship between size and fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L. Imlay
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Cindy Breau
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | | | - Gérald Chaput
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Julien April
- Ministère de l'Environnement, de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, de la Faune et des ParcsQuébecQuébecCanada
| | - Scott Douglas
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - J. Derek Hogan
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaFrench VillageNew BrunswickCanada
| | | | - Daniela Notte
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaDartmouthNova ScotiaCanada
| | | | - Andrew Taylor
- Fisheries and Oceans CanadaDartmouthNova ScotiaCanada
| | | | - Laura K. Weir
- Department of BiologySaint Mary's UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
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Brivio F, Apollonio M, Anderwald P, Filli F, Bassano B, Bertolucci C, Grignolio S. Seeking temporal refugia to heat stress: increasing nocturnal activity despite predation risk. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20231587. [PMID: 38228177 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexibility in activity timing may enable organisms to quickly adapt to environmental changes. Under global warming, diurnally adapted endotherms may achieve a better energy balance by shifting their activity towards cooler nocturnal hours. However, this shift may expose animals to new or increased environmental challenges (e.g. increased predation risk, reduced foraging efficiency). We analysed a large dataset of activity data from 47 ibex (Capra ibex) in two protected areas, characterized by varying levels of predation risk (presence versus absence of the wolf-Canis lupus). We found that ibex increased nocturnal activity following warmer days and during brighter nights. Despite the considerable sexual dimorphism typical of this species and the consequent different predation-risk perception, males and females demonstrated consistent responses to heat in both predator-present and predator-absent areas. This supports the hypothesis that shifting activity towards nighttime may be a common strategy adopted by diurnal endotherms in response to global warming. As nowadays different pressures are pushing mammals towards nocturnality, our findings emphasize the urgent need to integrate knowledge of temporal behavioural modifications into management and conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brivio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Marco Apollonio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | | | | | - Bruno Bassano
- Gran Paradiso National Park, Via Pio VII 9, Torino 10135, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bertolucci
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Stefano Grignolio
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
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Lassis R, Festa-Bianchet M, Pelletier F. Effects of hunting pressure and timing of harvest on bighorn sheep horn size. CAN J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trophy hunting can affect weapon size of wild animals through both demographic and evolutionary changes. In bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis Shaw, 1804), intense harvest of young males with fast-growing horns may have partly driven long-term decreases in horn size. These selective effects could be dampened if migrants from protected areas, not subject to artificial selection, survived and reproduced within hunted populations. Bighorn rams undertake long-distance breeding migrations in the weeks preceding the late-November rut. We analysed records of >7 800 trophy bighorn rams shot from 1974 to 2019 in Alberta, Canada, to test the hypothesis that high harvest pressure during breeding migrations was correlated with a greater decrease in horn size. We compared areas with and without a pronounced harvest peak in late October, when male breeding migrations begin. Areas without a pronounced harvest peak in late October, that likely experienced a lower harvest rate, showed a similar temporal decline in horn size, but no increase in age at harvest suggesting a possibly weaker decline in horn growth. Our study suggests that unselected immigrants from protected areas could partly buffer the effects of intense trophy hunting only if harvest pressure was reduced when breeding migrations commence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Lassis
- Université de Sherbrooke, 7321, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Universite de Sherbrooke, 7321, Département de biologie, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Université de Sherbrooke, Biologie, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Rice C, Larue B, Festa-Bianchet M. Variation in age of primiparity in mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) estimated from horn growth increments. CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2021-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Variation in age of primiparity is important for population dynamics and wildlife management because it can affect population growth. Using a novel technique based on the trade-off between annual horn growth and reproduction, we estimated the age of primiparity for 2274 female mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus (Blainville, 1816)) harvested across British Columbia, Canada, from 1976 to 2019. We then investigated spatio-temporal variation in the probability that harvested females were primiparous when aged 3, 4, or 5 years and older using Bayesian ordinal regressions. We found that the probability of primiparity at 3 years decreased over time in nearly all mountain ranges. In the Coastal Mountain range, however, the probability of primiparity at age 3 significantly increased. These results suggest that the large coastal populations of mountain goats could be more resilient to harvest than other populations in British Columbia, which may be experiencing environmental effects promoting later primiparity. Models predicting age of primiparity from annual growth measures are a valuable tool for wildlife management and could help conservation of many species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Rice
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Benjamin Larue
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
- Département de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
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Willisch CS, Neuhaus P. Reproductive effort affects subsequent horn growth in sexually dimorphic male ungulates. Evol Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-021-10128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTrade-offs between reproductive effort and subsequent growth in males are not well explored, despite their relevance in questions of individual energy allocation. Regarding the growth of sexual secondary characters in polygynous breeding male mammals, indeed, no conclusive studies exist. We investigated in male Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) the relationship between their behavioral reproductive effort, current horn size, and subsequent horn growth. While controlling for age, no evidence was found for male behavioral reproductive effort during the rut being affected by their horn size. On the other hand, reproductive effort significantly decreased age-specific horn growth during the following summer. Our study provides evidence that growth of secondary sexual characters is traded against behavioral investments in reproduction in a male mammal. It bears important implications for the understanding of energy allocation between various life-history components and the evolutionary ecology of secondary sexual characters.
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Büntgen U, Jenny H, Galván JD, Piermattei A, Krusic PJ, Bollmann K. Stable body size of Alpine ungulates. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200196. [PMID: 32874622 PMCID: PMC7428221 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In many species, decreasing body size has been associated with increasing temperatures. Although climate-induced phenotypic shifts, and evolutionary impacts, can affect the structure and functioning of marine and terrestrial ecosystems through biological and metabolic rules, evidence for shrinking body size is often challenged by (i) relatively short intervals of observation, (ii) a limited number of individuals, and (iii) confinement to small and isolated populations. To overcome these issues and provide important multi-species, long-term information for conservation managers and scientists, we compiled and analysed 222 961 measurements of eviscerated body weight, 170 729 measurements of hind foot length and 145 980 measurements of lower jaw length, in the four most abundant Alpine ungulate species: ibex (Capra ibex), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Regardless of age, sex and phylogeny, the body mass and size of these sympatric animals, from the eastern Swiss Alps, remained stable between 1991 and 2013. Neither global warming nor local hunting influenced the fitness of the wild ungulates studied at a detectable level. However, we cannot rule out possible counteracting effects of enhanced nutritional resources associated with longer and warmer growing seasons, as well as the animals' ability to migrate along extensive elevational gradients in the highly diversified alpine landscape of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place CB2 3EN, UK
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstr. 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hannes Jenny
- Department of Wildlife and Fishery Service Grisons, Canton of Grisons, Loëstrasse 14, 7001 Chur, Switzerland
| | - J. Diego Galván
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstr. 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Alma Piermattei
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place CB2 3EN, UK
| | - Paul J. Krusic
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place CB2 3EN, UK
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kurt Bollmann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstr. 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Brambilla A, Von Hardenberg A, Nelli L, Bassano B. Distribution, status, and recent population dynamics of Alpine ibexCapra ibexin Europe. Mamm Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Brambilla
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 1908057Zurich ZH Switzerland
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre Gran Paradiso National Park Frazione Jamonin 510080Noasca TO Italy
| | - Achaz Von Hardenberg
- Conservation Biology Research Group Department of Biological Sciences University of Chester Parkgate RoadCH2 4BJChester UK
| | - Luca Nelli
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr BuildingG12 8QQGlasgow UK
| | - Bruno Bassano
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre Gran Paradiso National Park Frazione Jamonin 510080Noasca TO Italy
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Carvalho J, Büntgen U, Pettorelli N, Mentaberre G, Olivé‐boix X, Eizaguirre O, Pérez JM, Fandos P, Torres RT, Lavín S, Fonseca C, Serrano E. Habitat and Harvesting Practices Influence Horn Growth of Male Ibex. J Wildl Manage 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João Carvalho
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM)University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Department of GeographyUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Pettorelli
- Institute of ZoologyZoological Society of London Regent's Park London United Kingdom
| | - Gregorio Mentaberre
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Olivé‐boix
- Reserva Nacional de Caça dels Ports de Tortosa i Beseit, RoquetesTarragona Spain
| | - Oihana Eizaguirre
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Jesús M. Pérez
- Departamento de Biología AnimalBiología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén Campus Las Lagunillas Jaén Spain
| | - Paulino Fandos
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Isla de la Cartuja Sevilla Spain
| | - Rita T. Torres
- Department of Biology and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM)University of AveiroAveiro Portugal
| | - Santiago Lavín
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Carlos Fonseca
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM)University of AveiroAveiro Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Serrano
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia AnimalsUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
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9
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Büntgen U, Liebhold A, Nievergelt D, Wermelinger B, Roques A, Reinig F, Krusic PJ, Piermattei A, Egli S, Cherubini P, Esper J. Return of the moth: rethinking the effect of climate on insect outbreaks. Oecologia 2020; 192:543-552. [PMID: 31919693 PMCID: PMC7002459 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The sudden interruption of recurring larch budmoth (LBM; Zeiraphera diniana or griseana Gn.) outbreaks across the European Alps after 1982 was surprising, because populations had regularly oscillated every 8–9 years for the past 1200 years or more. Although ecophysiological evidence was limited and underlying processes remained uncertain, climate change has been indicated as a possible driver of this disruption. An unexpected, recent return of LBM population peaks in 2017 and 2018 provides insight into this insect’s climate sensitivity. Here, we combine meteorological and dendrochronological data to explore the influence of temperature variation and atmospheric circulation on cyclic LBM outbreaks since the early 1950s. Anomalous cold European winters, associated with a persistent negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, coincide with four consecutive epidemics between 1953 and 1982, and any of three warming-induced mechanisms could explain the system’s failure thereafter: (1) high egg mortality, (2) asynchrony between egg hatch and foliage growth, and (3) upward shifts of outbreak epicentres. In demonstrating that LBM populations continued to oscillate every 8–9 years at sub-outbreak levels, this study emphasizes the relevance of winter temperatures on trophic interactions between insects and their host trees, as well as the importance of separating natural from anthropogenic climate forcing on population behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK.
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (CzechGlobe), Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrew Liebhold
- USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Forestry and Wood Sciences, 165 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Nievergelt
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beat Wermelinger
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Alain Roques
- INRA, UR633 Unité de Recherche de Zoologie Forestière, Orléans, 45075, France
| | - Frederick Reinig
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul J Krusic
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK
| | - Alma Piermattei
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK
| | - Simon Egli
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cherubini
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jan Esper
- Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099, Mainz, Germany
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Inter- and intra-site differences in wild goat (Capra aegagrus) habitat quality detected through male horn size comparisons in Greek islands. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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LaSharr TN, Long RA, Heffelfinger JR, Bleich VC, Krausman PR, Bowyer RT, Shannon JM, Klaver RW, Brewer CE, Cox M, Holland AA, Hubbs A, Lehman CP, Muir JD, Sterling B, Monteith KL. Hunting and mountain sheep: Do current harvest practices affect horn growth? Evol Appl 2019; 12:1823-1836. [PMID: 31548860 PMCID: PMC6752155 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of human harvest on evolution of secondary sexual characteristics has implications for sustainable management of wildlife populations. The phenotypic consequences of selectively removing males with large horns or antlers from ungulate populations have been a topic of heightened concern in recent years. Harvest can affect size of horn-like structures in two ways: (a) shifting age structure toward younger age classes, which can reduce the mean size of horn-like structures, or (b) selecting against genes that produce large, fast-growing males. We evaluated effects of age, climatic and forage conditions, and metrics of harvest on horn size and growth of mountain sheep (Ovis canadensis ssp.) in 72 hunt areas across North America from 1981 to 2016. In 50% of hunt areas, changes in mean horn size during the study period were related to changes in age structure of harvested sheep. Environmental conditions explained directional changes in horn growth in 28% of hunt areas, 7% of which did not exhibit change before accounting for effects of the environment. After accounting for age and environment, horn size of mountain sheep was stable or increasing in the majority (~78%) of hunt areas. Age-specific horn size declined in 44% of hunt areas where harvest was regulated solely by morphological criteria, which supports the notion that harvest practices that are simultaneously selective and intensive might lead to changes in horn growth. Nevertheless, phenotypic consequences are not a foregone conclusion in the face of selective harvest; over half of the hunt areas with highly selective and intensive harvest did not exhibit age-specific declines in horn size. Our results demonstrate that while harvest regimes are an important consideration, horn growth of harvested male mountain sheep has remained largely stable, indicating that changes in horn growth patterns are an unlikely consequence of harvest across most of North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayler N. LaSharr
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWYUSA
| | - Ryan A. Long
- Department of Fish and Wildlife SciencesUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA
| | | | - Vernon C. Bleich
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Nevada RenoRenoNVUSA
| | - Paul R. Krausman
- School of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | - R. Terry Bowyer
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAKUSA
| | | | - Robert W. Klaver
- US Geological Survey, Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and ManagementIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Clay E. Brewer
- Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies—Wild Sheep Working GroupTexas Parks and Wildlife DepartmentRochelleTXUSA
| | - Mike Cox
- Nevada Department of WildlifeRenoNVUSA
| | | | - Anne Hubbs
- Alberta Environment and ParksRocky Mountain HouseABCanada
| | | | | | | | - Kevin L. Monteith
- Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of WyomingLaramieWYUSA
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Espunyes J, Lurgi M, Büntgen U, Bartolomé J, Antonio Calleja J, Gálvez-Cerón A, Peñuelas J, Claramunt-López B, Serrano E. Different effects of alpine woody plant expansion on domestic and wild ungulates. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:1808-1819. [PMID: 30737872 PMCID: PMC6522367 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Changes in land-use and climate affect the distribution and diversity of plant and animal species at different spatiotemporal scales. The extent to which species-specific phenotypic plasticity and biotic interactions mediate organismal adaptation to changing environments, however, remains poorly understood. Woody plant expansion is threatening the extent of alpine grasslands worldwide, and evaluating and predicting its effects on herbivores is of crucial importance. Here, we explore the impact of shrubification on the feeding efficiency of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica), as well as on the three most abundant coexisting domestic ungulate species: cattle, sheep and horses. We use observational diet composition from May to October and model different scenarios of vegetation availability where shrubland and woodland proliferate at the expense of grassland. We then predicted if the four ungulate species could efficiently utilize their food landscapes with their current dietary specificities measuring their niche breath in each scenario. We observed that the wild counterpart, due to a higher trophic plasticity, is less disturbed by shrubification compared to livestock, which rely primarily on herbaceous plants and will be affected 3.6 times more. Our results suggest that mixed feeders, such as chamois, could benefit from fallow landscapes, and that mountain farmers are at a growing economic risk worldwide due to changing land-use practices and climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Espunyes
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Lurgi
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling. Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS-Paul Sabatier University, Moulis, France
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jordi Bartolomé
- Grup de Recerca en Remugants, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelon, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Calleja
- Unitat de botánica, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Arturo Gálvez-Cerón
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de ciencias pecuarias, Universidad de Nariño, Pasto, Colombia
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Bernat Claramunt-López
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, Edifici Ciències, Bellaterra Catalunya, Spain
- Unitat d’Ecologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Ciències, Bellaterra Catalunya, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Serrano
- Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Forecasting the response to global warming in a heat-sensitive species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3048. [PMID: 30816191 PMCID: PMC6395821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Avoiding hyperthermia entails considerable metabolic costs for endotherms. Such costs increase in warm conditions, when endotherms may trade food intake for cooler areas to avoid heat stress and maximize their energy balance. The need to reduce heat stress may involve the adoption of tactics affecting space use and foraging behaviour, which are important to understand and predict the effects of climate change and inform conservation. We used resource selection models to examine the behavioural response to heat stress in the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex), a cold-adapted endotherm particularly prone to overheating. Ibex avoided heat stress by selecting the space based on the maximum daily temperature rather than moving hourly to ‘surf the heat wave’, which minimised movement costs but prevented optimal foraging. By integrating these findings with new climate forecasts, we predict that rising temperatures will force mountain ungulates to move upward and overcrowd thermal refugia with reduced carrying capacity. Our approach helps in identifying priority areas for the conservation of mountain species.
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15
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Rattenbury KL, Schmidt JH, Swanson DK, Borg BL, Mangipane BA, Sousanes PJ. Delayed spring onset drives declines in abundance and recruitment in a mountain ungulate. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kumi L. Rattenbury
- Arctic Network U.S. National Park Service 4175 Geist Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
| | - Joshua H. Schmidt
- Central Alaska Network U.S. National Park Service 4175 Geist Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
| | - David K. Swanson
- Arctic Network U.S. National Park Service 4175 Geist Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
| | - Bridget L. Borg
- Denali National Park and Preserve P.O. Box 9 Denali Park Alaska 99755 USA
| | - Buck A. Mangipane
- Lake Clark National Park and Preserve U.S. National Park Service General Delivery Port Alsworth Alaska 99653 USA
| | - Pam J. Sousanes
- Arctic Network U.S. National Park Service 4175 Geist Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
- Central Alaska Network U.S. National Park Service 4175 Geist Road Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
- Denali National Park and Preserve P.O. Box 9 Denali Park Alaska 99755 USA
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16
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17
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Kavčić K, Brivio F, Grignolio S, Ugarković D, Stankić I, Safner T, Apollonio M, Šprem N. Is chamois hybridization in the northern Dinaric Mountains an important factor for horn development? WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krešimir Kavčić
- K. Kavčić and N. Šprem, Dept of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special
| | - Francesca Brivio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Stefano Grignolio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Damir Ugarković
- D. Ugarković, Dept of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of Zagreb, Zagreb,
| | - Igor Stankić
- I. Stankić, Energy and Environmental Protection Inst. (EKONERG), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toni Safner
- T. Safner, Dept of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Zagreb,
| | - Marco Apollonio
- F. Brivio, S. Grignolio and M. Apollonio, Dept of Veterinary Medicine, Univ. of Sassari, Sassari, It
| | - Nikica Šprem
- K. Kavčić and N. Šprem, Dept of Fisheries, Beekeeping, Game Management and Special
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18
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Büntgen U, Galván JD, Mysterud A, Krusic PJ, Hülsmann L, Jenny H, Senn J, Bollmann K. Horn growth variation and hunting selection of the Alpine ibex. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:1069-1079. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Juan D. Galván
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Atle Mysterud
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES); Department of Biosciences; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Paul J. Krusic
- Department of Geography; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Department of Physical Geography; Stockholm University; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Lisa Hülsmann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Forest Ecology; Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems; Department of Environmental Sciences; ETH Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Theoretical Ecology; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Hannes Jenny
- Department of Wildlife and Fishery Service Grisons; Chur Switzerland
| | - Josef Senn
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Kurt Bollmann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; Birmensdorf Switzerland
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19
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Douhard M, Guillemette S, Festa-Bianchet M, Pelletier F. Drivers and demographic consequences of seasonal mass changes in an alpine ungulate. Ecology 2018; 99:724-734. [PMID: 29336476 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We know little about the determinants and demographic consequences of the marked seasonal mass changes exhibited by many northern and alpine mammals. We analysed 43 years of data on individual winter mass loss (the difference between mass in early June and mass in mid-September the previous year) and summer mass gain (the difference between mass in mid-September and in early June of the same year) in adult bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). We calculated relative seasonal mass change as a proportion of individual body mass at the start of each season. We first examined the effects of weather and population density on relative changes in body mass. We then assessed the consequences of relative seasonal mass changes on reproduction. Mean April-May temperature was the main driver of relative seasonal mass changes: warm springs reduced both relative winter mass loss and summer mass gain of both sexes, likely partially due to a trade-off between growth rate of plants and duration of access to high-quality forage. Because these effects cancelled each other, spring temperature did not influence mass in mid-September. Mothers that lost relatively more mass during the winter had lambs that gained less mass during summer, likely because these females allocated fewer resources to lactation. Winter survival of lambs increased with their summer mass gain. In males, relative mass loss during winter, which includes the rut, did not influence the probability of siring at least one lamb, possibly indicating that greater mating effort did not necessarily translate into greater reproductive success. Our findings improve our understanding of how weather influences recruitment and underline the importance of cryptic mechanisms behind the effects of climate change on demographic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Douhard
- Département de Biologie et Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Simon Guillemette
- Département de Biologie et Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Département de Biologie et Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de Biologie et Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
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20
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Monteith KL, Long RA, Stephenson TR, Bleich VC, Bowyer RT, Lasharr TN. Horn size and nutrition in mountain sheep: Can ewe handle the truth? J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Monteith
- Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitDepartment of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming 804 East Fremont St. Laramie WY 82072 USA
| | - Ryan A. Long
- Department of Fish and Wildlife SciencesUniversity of Idaho 875 Perimeter Dr., MS 1142 Moscow ID 83844 USA
| | - Thomas R. Stephenson
- Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep Recovery ProgramCalifornia Department of Fish and Wildlife 787 North Main Street, Suite 220 Bishop CA 93514 USA
| | - Vernon C. Bleich
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Nevada Reno Mail Stop 186, 1664 North Virginia Street Reno NV 89557 USA
| | - R. Terry Bowyer
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of Alaska Fairbanks Box 757000 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA
| | - Tayler N. Lasharr
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and PhysiologyUniversity of Wyoming Dept. 3166, 1000 E. University Ave Laramie WY 82071 USA
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21
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Schindler S, Festa-Bianchet M, Hogg JT, Pelletier F. Hunting, age structure, and horn size distribution in bighorn sheep. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schindler
- University of Zurich; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; Winterthurer Str. 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Université de Sherbrooke; Departement de biologie; 2500 boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke QC J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - John T. Hogg
- Montana Conservation Science Institute; 5200 Upper Miller Creek Road Missoula MT 59803 USA
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Université de Sherbrooke; Departement de biologie; 2500 boulevard de l'Université Sherbrooke QC J1K 2R1 Canada
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22
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Büntgen U, Greuter L, Bollmann K, Jenny H, Liebhold A, Galván JD, Stenseth NC, Andrew C, Mysterud A. Elevational range shifts in four mountain ungulate species from the
S
wiss
A
lps. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Büntgen
- Department of Geography University of Cambridge CB2 3EN Cambridge UK
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
- Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University Brno 613 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Greuter
- Department of Wildlife and Fishery Service Grisons 7001 Chur Switzerland
| | - Kurt Bollmann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Hannes Jenny
- Department of Wildlife and Fishery Service Grisons 7001 Chur Switzerland
| | - Andrew Liebhold
- Northern Research Station USDA Forest Service Morgantown West Virginia 26505 USA
| | - J. Diego Galván
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Nils C. Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis CEES University of Oslo Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway
| | - Carrie Andrew
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Atle Mysterud
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis CEES University of Oslo Blindern 0316 Oslo Norway
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23
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Mason TH, Brivio F, Stephens PA, Apollonio M, Grignolio S. The behavioral trade-off between thermoregulation and foraging in a heat-sensitive species. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Douhard M, Pigeon G, Festa-Bianchet M, Coltman DW, Guillemette S, Pelletier F. Environmental and evolutionary effects on horn growth of male bighorn sheep. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.03799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Douhard
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Gabriel Pigeon
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Marco Festa-Bianchet
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - David W. Coltman
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
- Dept of Biological Sciences; Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton; AB, T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - Simon Guillemette
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Dépt de biologie et Centre d’Études Nordiques; Univ. de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC; J1K 2R1 Canada
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25
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Ohashi H, Kominami Y, Higa M, Koide D, Nakao K, Tsuyama I, Matsui T, Tanaka N. Land abandonment and changes in snow cover period accelerate range expansions of sika deer. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7763-7775. [PMID: 30128126 PMCID: PMC6093158 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing climate change and land‐use change have the potential to substantially alter the distribution of large herbivores. This may result in drastic changes in ecosystems by changing plant–herbivore interactions. Here, we developed a model explaining sika deer persistence and colonization between 25 years in terms of neighborhood occupancy and habitat suitability. We used climatic, land‐use, and topographic variables to calculate the habitat suitability and evaluated the contributions of the variables to past range changes of sika deer. We used this model to predict the changes in the range of sika deer over the next 100 years under four scenario groups with the combination of land‐use change and climate change. Our results showed that both climate change and land‐use change had affected the range of sika deer in the past 25 years. Habitat suitability increased in northern or mountainous regions, which account for 71.6% of Japan, in line with a decrease in the snow cover period. Habitat suitability decreased in suburban areas, which account for 28.4% of Japan, corresponding to land‐use changes related to urbanization. In the next 100 years, the decrease in snow cover period and the increase in land abandonment were predicted to accelerate the range expansion of sika deer. Comparison of these two driving factors revealed that climate change will contribute more to range expansion, particularly from the 2070s onward. In scenarios that assumed the influence of both climate change and land‐use change, the total sika deer range increased by between +4.6% and +11.9% from the baseline scenario. Climate change and land‐use change will require additional efforts for future management of sika deer, particularly in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Ohashi
- Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan.,Center for International Partnerships and Research on Climate Change Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan
| | - Yuji Kominami
- Kansai Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 68 Nagaikyutaro, Momoyama-cho Fushimi Kyoto Kyoto 612-0855 Japan
| | - Motoki Higa
- Faculty of Science Kochi University 2-5-1 Akebono-cho Kochi Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Dai Koide
- Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan.,Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Nakao
- Kansai Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 68 Nagaikyutaro, Momoyama-cho Fushimi Kyoto Kyoto 612-0855 Japan
| | - Ikutaro Tsuyama
- Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 7 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira Sapporo Hokkaido 062-8516 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsui
- Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan.,Center for International Partnerships and Research on Climate Change Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Plant Ecology Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8687 Japan.,Department of International Agricultural Development Tokyo University of Agriculture 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka Setagaya Tokyo 156-8502 Japan
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26
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Canale CI, Ozgul A, Allainé D, Cohas A. Differential plasticity of size and mass to environmental change in a hibernating mammal. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:3286-3303. [PMID: 26994312 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Morphological changes following changes in species' distribution and phenology have been suggested to be the third universal response to global environmental change. Although structural size and body mass result from different genetic, physiological, and ecological mechanisms, they are used interchangeably in studies evaluating population responses to environmental change. Using a 22-year (1991-2013) dataset including 1768 individuals, we investigated the coupled dynamics of size and mass in a hibernating mammal, the Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota), in response to local environmental conditions. We (i) quantified temporal trends in both traits, (ii) determined the environmental drivers of trait dynamics, and (iii) identified the life-history processes underlying the observed changes. Both phenotypic traits were followed through life: we focused on the initial trait value (juvenile size and mass) and later-life development (annual change in size [Δsize] and mass [Δmass]). First, we demonstrated contrasting dynamics between size and mass over the study period. Juvenile size and subsequent Δsize showed significant declines, whereas juvenile mass and subsequent Δmass remained constant. As a consequence of smaller size associated with a similar mass, individuals were in better condition in recent years. Second, size and mass showed different sensitivities to environmental variables. Both traits benefited from early access to resources in spring, whereas Δmass, particularly in early life, also responded to summer and winter conditions. Third, the interannual variation in both traits was caused by changes in early life development. Our study supports the importance of considering the differences between size and mass responses to the environment when evaluating the mechanisms underlying population dynamics. The current practice of focusing on only one trait in population modeling can lead to misleading conclusions when evaluating species' resilience to contemporary climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy I Canale
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arpat Ozgul
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Allainé
- UMR-CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Aurelie Cohas
- UMR-CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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27
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Schenk-Jäger KM, Egli S, Hanimann D, Senn-Irlet B, Kupferschmidt H, Büntgen U. Introducing Mushroom Fruiting Patterns from the Swiss National Poisons Information Centre. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162314. [PMID: 27648562 PMCID: PMC5029870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the ecology of macrofungi are poorly understood, not only because much of their life cycle is hidden belowground, but also because experiments often miss real-world complexity and most fruitbody inventories are limited in space and time. The National Poisons Information Centre ‘Tox Info Suisse’ provides countrywide 24hours/7days medical advice in case of poisonings since 1966. Here, we introduce a total of 12,126 mushroom-related phone calls that were received by Tox Info Suisse between 1966 and 2014. This indirect source of mycological information is dominated by the families of Boletaceae (11%), Agaricaceae (10%) and Amanitaceae (8%), which account for ~30% of all cases. Mushroom fruiting patterns revealed by the Poisons Centre inventory statistically resemble changes in fungal phenology, productivity and diversity as reflected by the Swiss National Data Centre ‘SwissFungi’. Although the newly developed Tox Info Suisse dataset provides an innovative basis for timely environmental research, caution is advised when interpreting some of the observed long-term changes and autumnal extremes. Uncertainty of the new record relates to possible data incompleteness, imprecise species description and/or identification, as well as the inclusion of cultivated and non-indigenous mushrooms. Nevertheless, we hope that the Tox Info Suisse inventory will stimulate and enable a variety of ecological-oriented follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Schenk-Jäger
- National Poisons Information Centre, Tox Info Suisse, Associated Institute of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Egli
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - David Hanimann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Hugo Kupferschmidt
- National Poisons Information Centre, Tox Info Suisse, Associated Institute of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulf Büntgen
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, Bern, Switzerland
- Global Change Research Centre AS CR, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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28
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Festa‐Bianchet M. When does selective hunting select, how can we tell, and what should we do about it? Mamm Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Festa‐Bianchet
- Département de biologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Québec J1K 2R1 Canada
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29
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Anderwald P, Herfindal I, Haller RM, Risch AC, Schütz M, Schweiger AK, Filli F. Influence of migratory ungulate management on competitive interactions with resident species in a protected area. Ecosphere 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/es15-00365.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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30
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Morrongiello JR, Thresher RE. A statistical framework to explore ontogenetic growth variation among individuals and populations: a marine fish example. ECOL MONOGR 2015. [DOI: 10.1890/13-2355.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Willisch CS, Biebach I, Marreros N, Ryser-Degiorgis MP, Neuhaus P. Horn Growth and Reproduction in a Long-Lived Male Mammal: No Compensation for Poor Early-Life Horn Growth. Evol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-014-9294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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