1
|
Yuan Y, Zhang G, Fang H, Peng S, Xia Y, Wang F. The ecology of the sewer systems: Microbial composition, function, assembly, and network in different spatial locations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121107. [PMID: 38728984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbial induced concrete corrosion (MICC) is the primary deterioration affecting global sewers. Disentangling ecological mechanisms in the sewer system is meaningful for implementing policies to protect sewer pipes using trenchless technology. It is necessary to understand microbial compositions, interaction networks, functions, alongside assembly processes in sewer microbial communities. In this study, sewer wastewater samples and microbial samples from the upper part (UP), middle part (MP) and bottom part (BP) of different pipes were collected for 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis. It was found that BP harbored distinct microbial communities and the largest proportion of unique species (1141) compared to UP and MP. The community in BP tended to be more clustered. Furthermore, significant differences in microbial functions existed in different spatial locations, including the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle and sulfur cycle. Active microbial sulfur cycling indicated the corrosion risk of MICC. Among the environmental factors, the oxidation‒reduction potential drove changes in BP, while sulfate managed changes in UP and BP. Stochasticity dominated community assembly in the sewer system. Additionally, the sewer microbial community exhibited numerous positive links. BP possessed a more complex, modular network with higher modularity. These deep insights into microbial ecology in the sewer system may guide engineering safety and disaster prevention in sewer infrastructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yuan
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Major Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Conservancy and Transportation Infrastructure Safety, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guangyi Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hongyuan Fang
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Major Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Conservancy and Transportation Infrastructure Safety, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Siwei Peng
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yangyang Xia
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Major Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Conservancy and Transportation Infrastructure Safety, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fuming Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; Yellow River Laboratory, Zhengzhou University. Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Major Infrastructure Testing and Rehabilitation Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Conservancy and Transportation Infrastructure Safety, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feigenwinter I, Hörtnagl L, Buchmann N. N 2O and CH 4 fluxes from intensively managed grassland: The importance of biological and environmental drivers vs. management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166389. [PMID: 37625710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is the main contributor to anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions. Therefore, mitigation options are urgently needed. In contrast to carbon dioxide, eddy covariance measurements of N2O and CH4 fluxes are still scarce, and thus little is known how environmental and biotic drivers as well as management affect the net N2O and CH4 exchange in grasslands. Thus, we investigated the most important drivers of net ecosystem N2O and CH4 fluxes in a temperate grassland, and continued a N2O mitigation experiment (increased clover proportion vs. fertilization with slurry). Random forest gap-filling models were able to capture intermittent emission peaks, performing better for half-hourly N2O than for CH4 fluxes. The unfertilized clover parcel (parcel B) continued to show lower N2O emissions (4.4 and 2.7 kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1) compared to the fertilized parcel (parcel A; 6.9 and 5.9 kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1) for 2019 and 2020, respectively. Tier 1 nitrogen (N) emission factors of 2.6 % and 1.9 % were observed at the fertilized parcel during the study period. Lower soil N concentrations indicated a lower N leaching risk at the clover than at the fertilized parcel. Annual CH4 emissions (including periods with sheep grazing) were similar from both parcels, and ranged from 25 to 38.5 kg CH4-C ha-1. The most important drivers of both N2O and CH4 fluxes were lagged precipitation and water filled pore space, but also management (for N2O from parcel B; CH4 from parcel A). Biotic variables such as vegetation height and leaf area index were important predictors for the N2O exchange, while grazing temporarily increased CH4 emissions. Overall, reducing N fertilization and increasing the legume proportion were effective N2O reduction measures. In particular, adjusting N fertilization to plant N demands can help to avoid high N2O emissions from grasslands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Feigenwinter
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lukas Hörtnagl
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiao S, Wang C, Yu K, Liu G, Wu S, Wang J, Niu S, Zou J, Liu S. Enhanced CO 2 uptake is marginally offset by altered fluxes of non-CO 2 greenhouse gases in global forests and grasslands under N deposition. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5829-5849. [PMID: 37485988 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing impact of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on terrestrial greenhouse gas (GHG) budget, through driving both the net atmospheric CO2 exchange and the emission or uptake of non-CO2 GHGs (CH4 and N2 O), few studies have assessed the climatic impact of forests and grasslands under N deposition globally based on different bottom-up approaches. Here, we quantify the effects of N deposition on biomass C increment, soil organic C (SOC), CH4 and N2 O fluxes and, ultimately, the net ecosystem GHG balance of forests and grasslands using a global comprehensive dataset. We showed that N addition significantly increased plant C uptake (net primary production) in forests and grasslands, to a larger extent for the aboveground C (aboveground net primary production), whereas it only caused a small or insignificant enhancement of SOC pool in both upland systems. Nitrogen addition had no significant effect on soil heterotrophic respiration (RH ) in both forests and grasslands, while a significant N-induced increase in soil CO2 fluxes (RS , soil respiration) was observed in grasslands. Nitrogen addition significantly stimulated soil N2 O fluxes in forests (76%), to a larger extent in grasslands (87%), but showed a consistent trend to decrease soil uptake of CH4 , suggesting a declined sink capacity of forests and grasslands for atmospheric CH4 under N enrichment. Overall, the net GHG balance estimated by the net ecosystem production-based method (forest, 1.28 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 vs. grassland, 0.58 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 ) was greater than those estimated using the SOC-based method (forest, 0.32 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 vs. grassland, 0.18 Pg CO2 -eq year-1 ) caused by N addition. Our findings revealed that the enhanced soil C sequestration by N addition in global forests and grasslands could be only marginally offset (1.5%-4.8%) by the combined effects of its stimulation of N2 O emissions together with the reduced soil uptake of CH4 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Genyuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon and Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions on Soil N2O Emissions and CH4 Uptake in a Phosphorus-Limited Subtropical Chinese Fir Plantation. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increased nitrogen (N) inputs in subtropical forest ecosystems were widely reported. Extra N additions were reported to cause nutrient imbalance and phosphorus (P) limitation in many tropical and subtropical forests, and further result in changes in soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes. Here, we conducted experiments with N (high N addition: 15 g N/m2, HN), P (low: 5 g P/m2, LP; high: 15 g P/m2, HP) and their interactive (HNLP and HNHP) treatments to investigate how N and P additions affected CH4 and N2O exchanges in an N-rich Chinese fir plantation (Cunninghamia lanceolata), and further explored the underlying mechanisms through the structural equation model (SEM) analysis. The results indicated that N addition alone (HN) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the soil N2O emissions by 30.15% and 80.47% over annual and 4-month periods, mainly owing to the elevated NH4+-N content. P addition alone (LP and HP) did not significantly affect the soil N2O emissions as compared with the control. The SEM analysis indicated that increased N2O emissions under N addition were primarily explained by the increase in available N and contributed more to the stimulated NH4+-N contents. N and P interactive additions slightly (not significant) stimulated the N2O emissions as compared with that under the N addition alone treatment. High-dose P addition significantly increased the soil CH4 uptake by 15.80% and 16.23% under the HP and HNHP treatments, respectively, while N addition alone and low P addition (LP and HNLP) did not significantly affect CH4 uptake as compared with the control. The increased water-soluble organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon explained the increased CH4 uptake under high P addition. The fertilization effects on N2O emissions and CH4 uptake mainly occurred in the first 4 months and diminished after that. Our results suggested that the direction, magnitude and timing of the N and P addition effects on N2O emissions and CH4 uptake would depend on the soil nutrient status and plant–microbial competition for N and P in subtropical forests.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kashi NN, Hobbie EA, Varner RK, Wymore AS, Ernakovich JG, Giesler R. Nutrients Alter Methane Production and Oxidation in a Thawing Permafrost Mire. Ecosystems 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-022-00758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
6
|
Xia N, Du E, Wu X, Tang Y, Wang Y, de Vries W. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil methane uptake in global forest biomes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114751. [PMID: 32417581 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition has been conventionally thought to decrease forest soil methane (CH4) uptake, while the biome specific and dose dependent effect is poorly understood. Based on a meta-analysis of 63 N addition trials from 7 boreal forests, 8 temperate forests, 13 subtropical and 4 tropical forests, we evaluated the effects of N addition on soil CH4 uptake fluxes across global forest biomes. When combining all N addition levels, soil CH4 uptake was insignificantly decreased by 7% in boreal forests, while N addition significantly decreased soil CH4 uptake by 39% in temperate forests and by 21% in subtropical and tropical forests, respectively. Meta-regression analyses, however, indicated a shift from a positive to a negative effect on soil CH4 uptake with increasing N additions both in boreal forests (threshold = 48 kg N ha-1 yr-1) and temperate forests (threshold = 27 kg N ha-1 yr-1), while no such shift was found in subtropical and tropical forests. Considering that current N deposition to most boreal and temperate forests is below the abovementioned thresholds, N deposition likely exerts a positive to neutral effect on soil CH4 uptake in both forest biomes. Our results provide new insights on the biome specific and dose dependent effect of N addition on soil CH4 sink in global forests and suggest that the current understanding that N deposition decreases forest soil CH4 uptake is flawed by high levels of experimental N addition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wim de Vries
- Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Research, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen University and Research, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|