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Njaramba F. Transformational leadership in a crisis: Dimensional analysis with psychological capital. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35900. [PMID: 39224329 PMCID: PMC11366892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research attests to the benefits of transformational leadership (as a unitary construct) for various employee outcomes. Less is known about how specific dimensions of transformational leadership relate to outcomes during crisis. In the present paper, we investigate how each dimension of transformational leadership, namely, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence relate to employees' psychological capital in a crisis, specifically the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted where employees from 301 small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya completed a survey containing the variables of interest. Quantitative data analysis using partial least squares structural equation modelling was utilized to test the study hypotheses using Smart PLS 4 software. Results showed that only two of the four transformational leadership dimensions had a positive and significant impact on employees' psychological capital: Intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration. In terms of the theorized hypotheses, fear of COVID-19 moderated the relationship between (a) idealized influence, (b) intellectual, and (c) individualized consideration, and employees' psychological capital. However, only intellectual stimulation reached a significant effect size. The present study reveals the varied relevance of transformation leadership dimensions to psychological capital in a crisis. A new condition (emotional assessment of a crisis) for assessing this relationship was proposed. We discuss theoretical and practical implications, strengths, limitations, and suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith Njaramba
- Strathmore Business School, Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya
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Zhang S, Zhao B, Li X, Zhang C, Lin X, Zhang Y, Li J, Lai C. Chinese nursing students' academic self-concept and deep learning in online courses: Does psychological capital play a moderating role? Heliyon 2024; 10:e35150. [PMID: 39161810 PMCID: PMC11332870 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of online education has become indispensable for nursing students seeking to acquire knowledge. However, the efficacy of online education often falls short of initial expectations. Deep learning (DL) can assist learners tackle complex problems and make innovative decisions. Despite its potential, there has been limited exploration into the underlying mechanisms of DL among nursing students, both domestically and globally. This study examined the potential moderating effect of psychological capital (PC) on the association between academic self-concept (AS-c) and DL among nursing students from China enrolled in online courses. Conducted from October 2022 to January 2023, the survey involved 635 nursing students from four public universities in eastern China, utilizing convenience sampling. Data was collected using the AS-c scale, psychological capital scale, and DL scale in online courses. Correlation analyses, univariate analyses, multiple linear regression analyses, and the PROCESS macro were employed for a comprehensive examination. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between nursing students' DL and both their AS-c (r = 0.766, P < 0.01) and PC (r = 0.714, P < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, the effect of AS-c on DL was stronger among individuals with high PC (β = 0.34, SE = 0.03, P < 0.001) compared to those with low (β = 0.29, SE = 0.02, P < 0.001) or medium (β = 0.24, SE = 0.02, P < 0.001) levels of PC, indicating that PC exerts moderating effects and promotes DL among nursing students enrolled in online courses. Based on these findings, several implications are suggested for the theory and practice of facilitating DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siai Zhang
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Bingyan Zhao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Lin
- Nursing Department, ShunDe Hospital GuangZhou University of Chinese Medicine (ShunDe District Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Foshan City), Foshan, Guangdong province, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Cuiwei Lai
- Nursing Department, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, Guangdong province, China
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Khan A, Zeb I, Zhang Y, Fazal S, Ding J. Relationship between psychological capital and mental health at higher education: Role of perceived social support as a mediator. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29472. [PMID: 38644826 PMCID: PMC11033138 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Research in Positive Psychology has indicated a correlation between Psychological Capital (PsyCap) and Mental health (MH). However, the specific contribution of Perceived Social Support (PSS) in the connection between PsyCap and MH, particularly within higher education, remains uninvestigated. This study investigated how PSS could mediate the effect of PsyCap on students' MH using a cross-sectional research design. The sample encompassed 443 undergraduate graduate students at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China. Results from Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) showed that both PsyCap (β = 0.815, t = 31.074, p < 0.000) and PSS (β = 0.405, t = 28.051, p < 0.000) have a positive impact on students' MH. Additionally, PSS was identified as a significant mediator in relation to students' MH (b = 0.080, t = 2.319, p < 0.020). This study emphasizes the importance of developing these factors in educational and support programs to enhance students' well-being. Moreover, the results offer significant conceptual and practical insights for higher education faculty, psychologists, and curriculum designers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashiq Khan
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Irum Zeb
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shawana Fazal
- Department of Education, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Journalism and Information Communication, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Maillet S, Read EA. Areas of work-life, psychological capital and emotional intelligence on compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction among nurses: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2024; 11:e2098. [PMID: 38391103 PMCID: PMC10851087 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the impact of six areas of work-life, emotional intelligence and psychological capital on compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction among Canadian Registered Nurses and licensed practical nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey study. METHODS A convenience sample of 296 Registered Nurses and 110 licensed practical nurses answered a self-administered questionnaire measuring areas of work-life, psychological capital, emotional intelligence, compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in September 2019. The association between variables were analysed with descriptive and correlational analyses, while the hypothesized models were tested using multiple regression analyses. RESULTS This study identified several areas of work-life and intrapersonal resources that impacted compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. Among Registered Nurses, compassion satisfaction was predicted by psychological capital, rewards, values and workload. Compassion fatigue was predicted by psychological capital, workload, control and community. Among licensed practical nurses, compassion satisfaction was predicted by psychological capital and emotional intelligence. Compassion fatigue was predicted by workload and psychological capital. Study results also revealed significant differences in Registered Nurses' and licensed practical nurses' perceptions of workload, rewards and fairness at work, and both compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. Registered Nurses perceived their workload to be more manageable and perceived greater rewards and greater fairness at work than licensed practical nurses. Compassion fatigue was higher for Registered Nurses than licensed practical nurses, while compassion satisfaction was higher for licensed practical nurses than Registered Nurses. Future studies should investigate the nature and span of these differences to suggest relevant strategies to mitigate compassion fatigue and promote compassion satisfaction for each of these nursing roles. CONCLUSION The results of this study underscore the need to create nursing work environments that foster a manageable workload and positive social relationships, where nurses have professional autonomy, decision-making capacities and access to adequate resources to do their job effectively. The nursing work environment should also provide recognition of nurses' contributions and an alignment between personal and organizational values. Investments in the development and improvement of nurses' psychological capital and emotional intelligence should be prioritized since they are malleable and impactful intrapersonal resources on compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. REPORTING METHOD This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION A total of 406 nurses were involved in this study by answering a self-administered study survey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Maillet
- Faculty of business administrationUniversité de MonctonMonctonNew‐BrunswickCanada
| | - Emily A. Read
- Faculty of NursingUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickCanada
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Song Z, Zhang H, Li J. Exploring the mediating role of PsyCap in the relationship between orientation training and work engagement: the perspective of COR and SRT theories. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1263658. [PMID: 37818425 PMCID: PMC10561258 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1263658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the domain of organizational socialization, a new research paradigm and trend concerns work engagement path way to studying newcomer assimilation through the lens of socialization resource theory (SRT). Drawing on theories of SRT and COR (conservation of resources), the present study develops and validates an integrative model, in which the effect of orientation training on work engagement involves the mediator of PsyCap and moderators of leader-member exchange (LMX) and education. SmartPLS 3.0 was used to analyze the data with 567 respondents with 5,000 bootstraps from 3- to 5-star hotels in Mainland China. The empirical results indicate that newcomers' PsyCap fully mediates the relationship between orientation training and work engagement. They also suggest that education and LMX, respectively, moderate the effects of orientation training on PsyCap and work engagement. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are drawn in the context of organizational socialization and human resources development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Houchen Zhang
- School of Tourism, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Babu N, Fletcher L, Pichler S, Budhwar P. What's trust got to do with it? Examining trust in leadership, psychological capital, and employee well‐being in a cross‐national context during Covid‐19. EUROPEAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/emre.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaun Pichler
- California State University Fullerton California USA
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Ikeda M, Hatano K, Tanaka S, Nakahara J. Validation of the Japanese version of the revised version of the compound psychological capital scale (CPC-12R). Front Psychol 2023; 13:1053601. [PMID: 36743639 PMCID: PMC9896786 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1053601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study developed a Japanese version of the Revised Version of the Compound Psychological Capital Scale (CPC-12R) and tested its reliability and construct validity. The participants were 1,000 young adults (500 university students and 500 employees) recruited through an internet survey. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four first-order factors (hope, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy) and one second-order factor (PsyCap) model of the previous study is appropriate for the Japanese context. In addition, Cronbach's α and omega-higher-order of CPC-12R were sufficient. The measurement invariance analysis suggested sufficient scalar invariances for the employees and university students and across genders. The Japanese version of the CPC-12R had moderate positive correlations with job satisfaction, work engagement, conscientiousness, and extraversion, as well as a moderate negative correlation with negative emotionality. These findings provide evidence for sufficient reliability and construct validity of the Japanese version of the CPC-12R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Ikeda
- Institute of Social Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Megumi Ikeda, ✉
| | - Kai Hatano
- Graduate School of Sustainable System Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Jun Nakahara
- College of Business, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Elsey V, Van der Heijden B, Smith MA, Moss M. Examining the role of employability as a mediator in the relationship between psychological capital and objective career success amongst occupational psychology professionals. Front Psychol 2022; 13:958226. [PMID: 36591007 PMCID: PMC9794865 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.958226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Employability is core to our understanding of career sustainability, and at an individual level, identifying the personal resources that support employability in the achievement of career success is warranted. This study builds on the conservation of resources theory, examining the role of employability as a mediator in the relationship between psychological capital and objective career success. To test our hypotheses, we utilised a context-specific practitioner sample of 135 individuals with UK-accredited occupational psychology qualifications. Employability was conceptualised using the competence-based model, underpinned by occupational expertise. Psychological capital and employability were measured using self-report questionnaires, whilst career success was determined via gross annual salary and practitioner status, ensuring objective measures of this outcome variable. Structural equation modelling identified that the relationship between psychological capital and objective career success was fully mediated by employability. These novel findings have important theoretical and practical implications for the role of psychological capital as a personal resource in achieving career success via its influence on employability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Elsey
- Applied Work Psychology Group, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Vicki Elsey,
| | - Beatrice Van der Heijden
- Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands,School of Management, Open Universiteit Nederland, Heerlen, Netherlands,Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Hubei Business School, Hubei University, Wuhan, China,Kingston Business School, Kingston University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Smith
- Applied Work Psychology Group, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Moss
- Applied Work Psychology Group, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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