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Abushahba F, Kylmäoja E, Areid N, Hupa L, Vallittu PK, Tuukkanen J, Närhi T. Osteoblast Attachment on Bioactive Glass Air Particle Abrasion-Induced Calcium Phosphate Coating. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:74. [PMID: 38247951 PMCID: PMC10813256 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Air particle abrasion (APA) using bioactive glass (BG) effectively decontaminates titanium (Ti) surface biofilms and the retained glass particles on the abraded surfaces impart potent antibacterial properties against various clinically significant pathogens. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of BG APA and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion of sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) Ti surfaces on osteoblast cell viability. Another goal was to study the antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans. Square-shaped 10 mm diameter Ti substrates (n = 136) were SA by grit blasting with aluminum oxide particles, then acid-etching in an HCl-H2SO4 mixture. The SA substrates (n = 68) were used as non-coated controls (NC-SA). The test group (n = 68) was further subjected to APA using experimental zinc-containing BG (Zn4) and then mineralized in SBF for 14 d (Zn4-CaP). Surface roughness, contact angle, and surface free energy (SFE) were calculated on test and control surfaces. In addition, the topography and chemistry of substrate surfaces were also characterized. Osteoblastic cell viability and focal adhesion were also evaluated and compared to glass slides as an additional control. The antibacterial effect of Zn4-CaP was also assessed against S. mutans. After immersion in SBF, a mineralized zinc-containing Ca-P coating was formed on the SA substrates. The Zn4-CaP coating resulted in a significantly lower Ra surface roughness value (2.565 μm; p < 0.001), higher wettability (13.35°; p < 0.001), and higher total SFE (71.13; p < 0.001) compared to 3.695 μm, 77.19° and 40.43 for the NC-SA, respectively. APA using Zn4 can produce a zinc-containing calcium phosphate coating that demonstrates osteoblast cell viability and focal adhesion comparable to that on NC-SA or glass slides. Nevertheless, the coating had no antibacterial effect against S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Libyan International Medical University (LIMU), Benghazi 339P+62Q, Libya
| | - Elina Kylmäoja
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Nagat Areid
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Center, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500 Turku, Finland;
| | - Pekka K. Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- The Wellbeing Service County Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (E.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterial Center—TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland;
- The Wellbeing Service County Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
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Liang J, Lu X, Zheng X, Li YR, Geng X, Sun K, Cai H, Jia Q, Jiang HB, Liu K. Modification of titanium orthopedic implants with bioactive glass: a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro studies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1269223. [PMID: 38033819 PMCID: PMC10686101 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1269223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are ideal biomaterials in the field of bio-restoration due to their excellent biocompatibility. Titanium alloys are widely used as a bone graft substitute material because of their excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties; however, their biological inertness makes them prone to clinical failure. Surface modification of titanium alloys with bioactive glass can effectively combine the superior mechanical properties of the substrate with the biological properties of the coating material. In this review, the relevant articles published from 2013 to the present were searched in four databases, namely, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, and after screening, 49 studies were included. We systematically reviewed the basic information and the study types of the included studies, which comprise in vitro experiments, animal tests, and clinical trials. In addition, we summarized the applied coating technologies, which include pulsed laser deposition (PLD), electrophoretic deposition, dip coating, and magnetron sputtering deposition. The superior biocompatibility of the materials in terms of cytotoxicity, cell activity, hemocompatibility, anti-inflammatory properties, bioactivity, and their good bioactivity in terms of osseointegration, osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and soft tissue adhesion are discussed. We also analyzed the advantages of the existing materials and the prospects for further research. Even though the current research status is not extensive enough, it is still believed that BG-coated Ti implants have great clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XinYue Lu
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XinRu Zheng
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Ru Li
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - XiaoYu Geng
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - KeXin Sun
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - HongXin Cai
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- The CONVERSATIONALIST Club and Department of Stomatological Technology, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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In-Vitro Phenotypic Response of Human Osteoblasts to Different Degrees of Titanium Surface Roughness. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10080140. [PMID: 36005238 PMCID: PMC9406766 DOI: 10.3390/dj10080140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate human osteoblast (HOB) responses towards different degrees of titanium (Ti) implant surface roughness. Methods: Four degrees of Ti surface roughness were investigated on a micrometer roughness scale: smooth (S: 0.08−0.1 µm), minimally rough (MM: 0.3−0.5 µm), moderately rough (MR: 1.2−1.4 µm), and rough (R: 3.3−3.7 µm). HOB cells were cultured, expanded, and maintained according to the supplier’s protocol. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were assessed at day 1, 3, 5, and 10 using alamarBlue and lactate dehydrogenase colorimetric assays. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test (p = 0.05 for all tests). Results: There was no significant difference in the cell proliferation or cytotoxicity of the HOB cells in contact with the different degrees of Ti surface roughness. There was, however, a significant time effect on cell proliferation (p < 0.0001) with different exposure durations for each roughness degree. Furthermore, a positive correlation (non-significant) between proliferation and cytotoxicity was observed for all investigated degrees of surface roughness. Conclusion: All investigated roughness degrees showed comparable HOB proliferation, with the MR surface presenting the highest percentage, followed by the R, MM, ad S, surfaces, respectively. The S surface showed the highest cytotoxic effect on HOBs; however, it did not reach the cytotoxic level suggested by the ISO for any medical device to be considered cytotoxic.
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Meng F, Yin Z, Ren X, Geng Z, Su J. Construction of Local Drug Delivery System on Titanium-Based Implants to Improve Osseointegration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051069. [PMID: 35631656 PMCID: PMC9146791 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are the most widely applied orthopedic and dental implant materials due to their high biocompatibility, superior corrosion resistance, and outstanding mechanical properties. However, the lack of superior osseointegration remains the main obstacle to successful implantation. Previous traditional surface modification methods of titanium-based implants cannot fully meet the clinical needs of osseointegration. The construction of local drug delivery systems (e.g., antimicrobial drug delivery systems, anti-bone resorption drug delivery systems, etc.) on titanium-based implants has been proved to be an effective strategy to improve osseointegration. Meanwhile, these drug delivery systems can also be combined with traditional surface modification methods, such as anodic oxidation, acid etching, surface coating technology, etc., to achieve desirable and enhanced osseointegration. In this paper, we review the research progress of different local drug delivery systems using titanium-based implants and provide a theoretical basis for further research on drug delivery systems to promote bone–implant integration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanying Meng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China;
| | - Xiaoxiang Ren
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
- Correspondence: (X.R.); (Z.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Zhen Geng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
- Correspondence: (X.R.); (Z.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
- Correspondence: (X.R.); (Z.G.); (J.S.)
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Abushahba F, Gürsoy M, Hupa L, Närhi TO. Effect of bioactive glass air-abrasion on Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm formed on moderately rough titanium surface. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12783. [PMID: 33724569 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three types of air-abrasion particles on dual-species biofilms of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, both of which were cultured on sandblasted and acid-etched (SA) titanium discs. Out of 24 SA discs with biofilm, 18 were exposed to either air-abrasion using Bioglass 45S5 (45S5 BG; n = 6), novel zinc (Zn)-containing bioactive glass (Zn4 BG; n = 6), or inert glass (n = 6). The efficiency of biofilm removal was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and culturing techniques. Air-abrasion using 45S5 BG or Zn4 BG demonstrated a significant decrease in the total number of viable bacteria compared to discs air-abraded with inert glass or intact biofilm without abrasion. Moreover, P. gingivalis could not be detected from SEM images nor culture plates after air-abrasion with 45S5 BG or Zn4 BG. The present study showed that air-abrasion with 45S5 or Zn4 bioactive glasses can successfully eradicate dual-biofilm of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis from sandblasted and acid-etched titanium discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Hupa
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo O Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
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