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Rickel JK, Zeeb D, Knake S, Urban H, Konczalla J, Weber KJ, Zeiner PS, Pagenstecher A, Hattingen E, Kemmling A, Fokas E, Adeberg S, Wolff R, Sebastian M, Rusch T, Ronellenfitsch MW, Menzler K, Habermehl L, Möller L, Czabanka M, Nimsky C, Timmermann L, Grefkes C, Steinbach JP, Rosenow F, Kämppi L, Strzelczyk A. Status epilepticus in patients with brain tumors and metastases: A multicenter cohort study of 208 patients and literature review. Neurol Res Pract 2024; 6:19. [PMID: 38570823 PMCID: PMC10993483 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-024-00314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain tumors and metastases account for approximately 10% of all status epilepticus (SE) cases. This study described the clinical characteristics, treatment, and short- and long-term outcomes of this population. METHODS This retrospective, multi-center cohort study analyzed all brain tumor patients treated for SE at the university hospitals of Frankfurt and Marburg between 2011 and 2017. RESULTS The 208 patients (mean 61.5 ± 14.7 years of age; 51% male) presented with adult-type diffuse gliomas (55.8%), metastatic entities (25.5%), intracranial extradural tumors (14.4%), or other tumors (4.3%). The radiological criteria for tumor progression were evidenced in 128 (61.5%) patients, while 57 (27.4%) were newly diagnosed with tumor at admission and 113 (54.3%) had refractory SE. The mean hospital length of stay (LOS) was 14.8 days (median 12.0, range 1-57), 171 (82.2%) patients required intensive care (mean LOS 8.9 days, median 5, range 1-46), and 44 (21.2%) were administered mechanical ventilation. All patients exhibited significant functional status decline (modified Rankin Scale) post-SE at discharge (p < 0.001). Mortality at discharge was 17.3% (n = 36), with the greatest occurring in patients with metastatic disease (26.4%, p = 0.031) and those that met the radiological criteria for tumor progression (25%, p < 0.001). Long-term mortality at one year (65.9%) was highest in those diagnosed with adult-type diffuse gliomas (68.1%) and metastatic disease (79.2%). Refractory status epilepticus cases showed lower survival rates than non-refractory SE patients (log-rank p = 0.02) and those with signs of tumor progression (log-rank p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SE occurrence contributed to a decline in functional status in all cases, regardless of tumor type, tumor progression status, and SE refractoriness, while long-term mortality was increased in those with malignant tumor entities, tumor progressions, and refractory SE. SE prevention may preserve functional status and improve survival in individuals with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K Rickel
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe-University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daria Zeeb
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Knake
- Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans Urban
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital and Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Konczalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina J Weber
- Frankturt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger-Institute), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pia S Zeiner
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital and Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankturt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Axel Pagenstecher
- Institute of Neuropathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - André Kemmling
- Department of Neuroradiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Frankturt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Adeberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (MIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wolff
- Gamma Knife Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Sebastian
- Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tillmann Rusch
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael W Ronellenfitsch
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital and Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankturt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katja Menzler
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lena Habermehl
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Leona Möller
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Czabanka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Nimsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe-University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- Dr Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital and Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankturt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT) Frankfurt-Marburg, Frankfurt, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe-University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Leena Kämppi
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe-University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- Epilepsia Helsinki, European Reference Network EpiCARE, Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adam Strzelczyk
- Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe-University and University Hospital Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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