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Soffritti I, D’Accolti M, Bini F, Mazziga E, Di Luca D, Maccari C, Arcangeletti MC, Caselli E. Virus-Induced MicroRNA Modulation and Systemic Sclerosis Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1360. [PMID: 38927567 PMCID: PMC11202132 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways, related to both physiological and pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Specifically, SSc is recognized as a complex and multifactorial disease, characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune dysfunction, and progressive fibrosis, affecting skin and internal organs. Among predisposing environmental triggers, evidence supports the roles of oxidative stress, chemical agents, and viral infections, mostly related to those sustained by beta-herpesviruses such as HCMV and HHV-6. Dysregulated levels of miRNA expression have been found in SSc patients compared to healthy controls, at both the intra- and extracellular levels, providing a sort of miRNA signature of the SSc disease. Notably, HCMV/HHV-6 viral infections were shown to modulate the miRNA profile, often superposing that observed in SSc, potentially promoting pathological pathways associated with SSc development. This review summarizes the main data regarding miRNA alterations in SSc disease, highlighting their potential as prognostic or diagnostic markers for SSc disease, and the impact of the putative SSc etiological agents on miRNA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D’Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Di Luca
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Clara Maccari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Maria-Cristina Arcangeletti
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
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Yu J, Tang R, Ding K. Epigenetic Modifications in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3155-3166. [PMID: 35342304 PMCID: PMC8942200 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s356877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare chronic autoimmune disease, which mainly manifests as immune disorders, vascular damage, and progressive fibrosis. The etiology of SSc is complex and involves multiple factors. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in its pathogenesis. As one of the molecular mechanisms of environmental factors, epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of systemic sclerosis, which involves DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA regulation. This review summarizes research advances in epigenetics, including exosomes, lncRNA, and mentions possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ke Ding, Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Assar S, Khazaei H, Naseri M, El-Senduny F, Momtaz S, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Natural Formulations: Novel Viewpoint for Scleroderma Adjunct Treatment. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9920416. [PMID: 34258301 PMCID: PMC8253639 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scleroderma is a complex disease involving autoimmune, vascular, and connective tissues, with unknown etiology that can progress through any organ systems. OBJECTIVE Yet, no cure is available; the thorough treatment of scleroderma and current treatments are based on controlling inflammation. Nowadays, medicinal plants/natural-based formulations are emerging as important regulators of many diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Here, we provided an overview of scleroderma, also focused on recent studies on medicinal plants/natural-based formulations that are beneficial in scleroderma treatment/prevention. METHODS This study is the result of a search in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library with "scleroderma", "systemic sclerosis", "plant", "herb", and "phytochemical" keywords. Finally, 22 articles were selected from a total of 1513 results entered in this study. RESULTS Natural products can modulate the inflammatory and/or oxidative mediators, regulate the production or function of the immune cells, and control the collagen synthesis, thereby attenuating the experimental and clinical manifestation of the disease. CONCLUSION Natural compounds can be considered an adjunct treatment for scleroderma to improve the quality of life of patients suffering from this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Assar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Fardous El-Senduny
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Dichev V, Mehterov NH, Kazakova MH, Karalilova RV, Batalov AZ, Sarafian VS. Serum protein levels of YKL-40 and plasma miR-214 expression in patients with systemic sclerosis. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 31:1010-1018. [PMID: 33274678 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2020.1859726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with incompletely revealed etiology and pathophysiology. There are still no specific and reliable biomarkers. Here we examined YKL-40 as a biomarker of inflammation and fibrosis, and suggest a possible mechanism for its regulation. METHODS Forty female patients with SSc (26 with diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and 14 with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc)) and 14 healthy female controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Bioinformatic tools identified miR-214 binding site in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of YKL-40 mRNA. Serum levels of YKL-40 were examined by ELISA, while YKL-40 mRNA and miR-214 was measured by qPCR. RESULTS The in silico analysis revealed several microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting YKL-40 mRNA, from which miR-214 was selected. YKL-40 serum levels were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p = .0042). In contrary, miR-214 expression in plasma of SSc patients was significantly down-regulated compared to controls (p = .0058). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) analysis showed that both serum YKL-40 and plasma miR-214 levels had good capacity to distinguish patients with SSc, dcSSc and lcSSc from healthy subjects. CONCLUSION YKL-40 and miR-214 have different expression profile in SSc. Increased serum levels of YKL-40 could be associated with down-regulation of miR-214 expression in plasma. Both, YKL-40 concentrations and miR-214 plasma fold change values might serve as possible biomarkers in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Dichev
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Hristov Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Hristova Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Rositsa Valerieva Karalilova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'Kaspela', Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Anastas Zgurov Batalov
- Department of Internal Diseases, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital 'Kaspela', Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Stepan Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Zhang L, Wu H, Zhao M, Lu Q. Meta‐analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in systemic sclerosis. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:1297-1304. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Central South University Changsha China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Central South University Changsha China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Central South University Changsha China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics Central South University Changsha China
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Luo Y, Xiao R. The Epigenetic Regulation of Scleroderma and Its Clinical Application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1253:375-403. [PMID: 32445102 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3449-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis; SSc) is a complex and highly heterogeneous multisystem rheumatic disease characterized by vascular abnormality, immunologic derangement, and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. To date, the etiology of this life-threatening disorder remains not fully clear. More and more studies show epigenetic modifications play a vital role. The aberrant epigenetic status of certain molecules such as Fli-1, BMPRII, NRP1, CD70, CD40L, CD11A, FOXP3, KLF5, DKK1, SFRP1, and so on contributes to the pathogenesis of progressive vasculopathy, autoimmune dysfunction, and tissue fibrosis in SSc. Meanwhile, numerous miRNAs including miR-21, miR-29a, miR-196a, miR-202-3p, miR-150, miR-let-7a, and others are involved in the process. In addition, the abnormal epigenetic biomarker levels of CD11a, Foxp3, HDAC2, miR-30b, miR-142-3p, miR-150, miR-5196 in SSc are closely correlated with disease severity. In this chapter, we not only review new advancements on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SSc and potential epigenetic biomarkers, but also discuss the therapeutic potential of epigenetic targeting therapeutics such as DNA methylation inhibitors, histone acetylase inhibitors, and miRNA replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Walczyk M, Paradowska-Gorycka A, Olesinska M. Epigenetics: The Future Direction in Systemic Sclerosis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:427-435. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Walczyk
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - M. Olesinska
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
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Li Y, Zhang J, Lei Y, Lyu L, Zuo R, Chen T. MicroRNA-21 in Skin Fibrosis: Potential for Diagnosis and Treatment. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 21:633-642. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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9
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Tsou PS, Sawalha AH. Unfolding the pathogenesis of scleroderma through genomics and epigenomics. J Autoimmun 2017; 83:73-94. [PMID: 28526340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With unknown etiology, scleroderma (SSc) is a multifaceted disease characterized by immune activation, vascular complications, and excessive fibrosis in internal organs. Genetic studies, including candidate gene association studies, genome-wide association studies, and whole-exome sequencing have supported the notion that while genetic susceptibility to SSc appears to be modest, SSc patients are genetically predisposed to this disease. The strongest genetic association for SSc lies within the MHC region, with loci in HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DPB1, and HLA-DOA1 being the most replicated. The non-HLA genes associated with SSc are involved in various functions, with the most robust associations including genes for B and T cell activation and innate immunity. Other pathways include genes involved in extracellular matrix deposition, cytokines, and autophagy. Among these genes, IRF5, STAT4, and CD247 were replicated most frequently while SNPs rs35677470 in DNASE1L3, rs5029939 in TNFAIP3, and rs7574685 in STAT4 have the strongest associations with SSc. In addition to genetic predisposition, it became clear that environmental factors and epigenetic influences also contribute to the development of SSc. Epigenetics, which refers to studies that focus on heritable phenotypes resulting from changes in chromatin structure without affecting the DNA sequence, is one of the most rapidly expanding fields in biomedical research. Indeed extensive epigenetic changes have been described in SSc. Alteration in enzymes and mediators involved in DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as dysregulated non-coding RNA levels all contribute to fibrosis, immune dysregulation, and impaired angiogenesis in this disease. Genes that are affected by epigenetic dysregulation include ones involved in autoimmunity, T cell function and regulation, TGFβ pathway, Wnt pathway, extracellular matrix, and transcription factors governing fibrosis and angiogenesis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current findings of SSc genetic susceptibility, followed by an extensive description and a systematic review of epigenetic research that has been carried out to date in SSc. We also summarize the therapeutic potential of drugs that affect epigenetic mechanisms, and outline the future prospective of genomics and epigenomics research in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zuo X, Zhang L, Luo H, Li Y, Zhu H. Systematic approach to understanding the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Clin Genet 2017; 92:365-371. [PMID: 27918067 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha People's Republic of China
| | - Yisha Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha People's Republic of China
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Nakayama W, Jinnin M, Tomizawa Y, Nakamura K, Kudo H, Inoue K, Makino K, Honda N, Kajihara I, Fukushima S, Ihn H. Dysregulated interleukin-23 signalling contributes to the increased collagen production in scleroderma fibroblasts via balancing microRNA expression. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 56:145-155. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Jiang T, Wang X, Wu W, Zhang F, Wu S. Let-7c miRNA Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Heat-Denatured Dermal Fibroblasts Through Down-Regulating HSP70. Mol Cells 2016; 39:345-51. [PMID: 26923191 PMCID: PMC4844942 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex physiological process necessitating the coordinated action of various cell types, signals and microRNAs (miRNAs). However, little is known regarding the role of miRNAs in mediating this process. In the present study, we show that let-7c miRNA is decreased in heat-denatured fibroblasts and that inhibiting let-7c expression leads to the increased proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts, whereas the overexpression of let-7c exerts an opposite effect. Further investigation has identified heat shock protein 70 as a direct target of let-7c and has demonstrated that the expression of HSP70 in fibroblasts is negatively correlated with let-7c levels. Moreover, down-regulation of let-7c expression is accompanied by up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of Bax expression, both of which are the downstream genes of HSP70. Notably, the knockdown of HSP70 by HSP70 siRNA apparently abrogates the stimulatory effect of let-7c inhibitor on heat-denatured fibroblasts proliferation and migration. Overall, we have identified let-7c as a key regulator that inhibits fibroblasts proliferation and migration during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033,
China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033,
China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Burns Surgery, the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021,
China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center of Tuberculous Meningitis, Changchun City Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Changchun 130123,
China
| | - Shifeng Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033,
China
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13
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Makino T, Jinnin M. Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities in systemic sclerosis. J Dermatol 2016; 43:10-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Makino
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery; Faculty of Life Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery; Faculty of Life Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
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Epigenetic mechanisms: An emerging role in pathogenesis and its therapeutic potential in systemic sclerosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 67:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Miao CG, Xiong YY, Yu H, Zhang XL, Qin MS, Song TW, Du CL. Critical roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: New advances, challenges and potential directions. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:626-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Pattanaik D, Brown M, Postlethwaite BC, Postlethwaite AE. Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2015; 6:272. [PMID: 26106387 PMCID: PMC4459100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is one of the most complex systemic autoimmune diseases. It targets the vasculature, connective tissue-producing cells (namely fibroblasts/myofibroblasts), and components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Clinical and pathologic manifestations of SSc are the result of: (1) innate/adaptive immune system abnormalities leading to production of autoantibodies and cell-mediated autoimmunity, (2) microvascular endothelial cell/small vessel fibroproliferative vasculopathy, and (3) fibroblast dysfunction generating excessive accumulation of collagen and other matrix components in skin and internal organs. All three of these processes interact and affect each other. The disease is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation that likely reflects different genetic or triggering factor (i.e., infection or environmental toxin) influences on the immune system, vasculature, and connective tissue cells. The roles played by other ubiquitous molecular entities (such as lysophospholipids, endocannabinoids, and their diverse receptors and vitamin D) in influencing the immune system, vasculature, and connective tissue cells are just beginning to be realized and studied and may provide insights into new therapeutic approaches to treat SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debendra Pattanaik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Connective Tissue Diseases, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, TN , USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Monica Brown
- Section of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Bradley C Postlethwaite
- Department of Medicine, Division of Connective Tissue Diseases, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, TN , USA
| | - Arnold E Postlethwaite
- Department of Medicine, Division of Connective Tissue Diseases, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis, TN , USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Memphis, TN , USA
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Jinnin M. Recent progress in studies of miRNA and skin diseases. J Dermatol 2015; 42:551-8. [PMID: 25917002 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
miRNA is a family of small non-coding RNA that consists of 22 nucleotides on average. miRNA are implicated in various cellular activities such as cell proliferation or migration via the modulation of gene expression, and also are linked to the pathogenesis of human diseases. This paper reviews recent research progress about the contribution of miRNA to the pathogenesis of various skin diseases, and possible application of miRNA as the disease markers in each disease. For example, downregulated miR-424-5p in psoriatic skin causes the overexpression of MEK1 and cyclin E1 in psoriatic keratinocytes, resulting in the keratinocyte overgrowth and hyperproliferation seen in the disease. Although there was no significant difference in the serum miR-424-5p levels between psoriasis patients and healthy controls, serum miR-1266-5p levels were significantly upregulated in psoriasis patients, and showed weak and inverse correlation with disease activity. Furthermore, combination of serum levels of miR-146a-5p and -203a-3p was more reliable to distinguish psoriasis patients and normal subjects, than each miRNA alone. Hair shaft miR-424-5p levels were significantly higher in psoriasis patients than normal subjects, while hair root miR-19a-3p levels in psoriasis patients were inversely correlated with the duration between symptom onset and the first visit to the hospital. Future researches of miRNA will enable the advances of their clinical applications including the clarification of pathogenesis, disease markers and novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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18
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Essential Role of microRNA in Skin Physiology and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 888:307-30. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22671-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease of unclear aetiology. A multitude of genetic studies, ranging from candidate-gene studies to genome-wide association studies, have identified a large number of genetic susceptibility factors for SSc and its clinical phenotypes, but the contribution of these factors to disease susceptibility is only modest. However, in an endeavour to explore how the environment might affect genetic susceptibility, epigenetic research into SSc is rapidly expanding. Orchestrated by environmental factors, epigenetic modifications can drive genetically predisposed individuals to develop autoimmunity, and are thought to represent the crossroads between the environment and genetics in SSc. Therefore, in addition to providing a comprehensive description of the current understanding of genetic susceptibility underlying SSc, this Review describes the involvement of epigenetic phenomena, including DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications and microRNAs, in SSc.
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García-Rodríguez S, Arias-Santiago S, Orgaz-Molina J, Magro-Checa C, Valenzuela I, Navarro P, Naranjo-Sintes R, Sancho J, Zubiaur M. Abnormal levels of expression of plasma microRNA-33 in patients with psoriasis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2014; 105:497-503. [PMID: 24656994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) are involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of genes associated with lipid metabolism (miRNA-33) and vascular function and angiogenesis (miRNA-126). The objective of this exploratory study was to measure plasma levels of miRNA-33 and miRNA-126 in patients with plaque psoriasis and evaluate their association with clinical parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 11 patients with plaque psoriasis. The median Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) was 13 (interquartile range [IQR], 9-14) and body surface area involvement was 12 (IQR, 11-15). Eleven healthy controls matched for age and sex were also included. We analyzed cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical carotid atheromatosis. Plasma miRNAs were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Carotid intima-media thickness was greater in patients (0.57mm; IQR, 0.54-0.61; n=11) than in controls (0.50mm; IQR, 0.48-0.54; data available for 9 controls) (P=.0055, Mann-Whitney). Expression of miRNA-33 in patients (5.34; IQR, 3.12-7.96; n=11) was significantly higher than in controls (2.33; IQR, 1.71-2.84; only detected in 7 of 11 controls) (P=.0049, Wilcoxon signed rank). No differences in miRNA-126 levels were observed between patients and controls. In patients (n=11), we observed a positive correlation between miRNA-33 and insulin levels (r=0.7289, P=.0109) and a negative correlation between miRNA-126 and carotid intima-media thickness (r=-0.6181, P=.0426). CONCLUSION In psoriasis patients plasma levels of lipid and glucose metabolism-related miRNA-33 are increased and correlated with insulin. The study of circulating miRNA-33 in psoriasis may provide new insights about the associated systemic inflammatory abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S García-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, España
| | - S Arias-Santiago
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (HCUSC), Granada, España; Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
| | - J Orgaz-Molina
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (HCUSC), Granada, España
| | - C Magro-Checa
- Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (HCUSC), Granada, España
| | - I Valenzuela
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
| | - P Navarro
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, España
| | - R Naranjo-Sintes
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio (HCUSC), Granada, España
| | - J Sancho
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, España
| | - M Zubiaur
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, IPBLN, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla, Granada, España.
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Jinnin M. Various applications of microRNAs in skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 74:3-8. [PMID: 24530178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
microRNA (miRNA) is a family of non-coding RNAs, which consists of 19-25 nucleotides and regulates the expression of approximately 30% of human protein-coding mRNAs. miRNAs can bind to complementary sequences of the three prime untranslated regions of target mRNAs, leading to the modulation of gene expression. By altering target expression, miRNAs can affect various cellular activities including cell proliferation and cell development in vitro or carcinogenesis and immune response in vivo. A lot of researches have paid attention to the possibility that miRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of various human disorders including skin diseases. For example, miR-29a down-regulation is thought to mediate the posttranscriptional up-regulation of collagens, which contributes to the tissue fibrosis in scleroderma. In addition, recent studies indicate that extracellular miRNA levels may be useful for the diagnosis and/or the estimation of disease activity of skin diseases. miR-150 levels were significantly decreased in sera of scleroderma patients, and were inversely correlated with the prevalence of pitting scars/ulcers and the incidence of anti-topoisomerase I antibody. Currently, the therapeutic value of miRNAs for the treatment of human diseases is under evaluation in animal models. let-7a can be overexpressed in the mouse skin by intermittent intraperitoneal miRNA injection, and skin fibrosis induced by bleomycin in mice can be improved by the supplementation of let-7a. This paper discusses the possible applications of miRNAs in the clarification of pathogenesis, diagnosis, evaluation of disease activity and treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Novák J, Kružliak P, Bienertová-Vašků J, Slabý O, Novák M. MicroRNA-206: a promising theranostic marker. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:119-33. [PMID: 24465270 PMCID: PMC3900797 DOI: 10.7150/thno.7552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3` untranslated regions (3`UTR) of their target mRNAs. MiRs were shown to play pivotal roles in tissue development and function and are also involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer. MicroRNA-206, which belongs to the group of so-called "myomiRs", is one of the most studied miRs thus far. In addition to being involved in skeletal muscle development and pathology, it has also been established that it is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Alzheimer's disease and various types of cancers. The aim of this review is to provide a complex overview of microRNA-206, including regulating its expression, a brief description of its known functions in skeletal muscle and a complex overview of its roles in the biology and pathology of other tissues, emphasizing its significant diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
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